Invasive species est

Comenius Project meeting The impact of the exotic and invasive species on natuure –

richness or damage

27th – 31th October 2013

http://www.9ori.com/store/pictures/bunny-rabbit.html

What are invasive species?

Pärnu 2013

Created by: S. GratšovaK. Raiend N. Küüts

What are invasive species?

Non-native species.

Have a negative impact on their new surroundings.

Cause economic, environment

harm and harm to human health.

Invasive = most aggressive

species.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/5362693/Leopard-cats-and-racoons-could-become-invasive-species-in-UK.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/5362693/Leopard-cats-and-racoons-could-become-invasive-species-in-UK.html

They displace native species and disrupt important ecosystem

processes.

Plants

Fish

Insects

Mammals

Birds

Diseases

Alien Species – Implies introduction

to a particular ecosystem, is

considered a threat

Introduced Species – implies introduction but not a threat.

http://www.hipfishmonthly.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/beaver.jpg

What allows invaders to

invade?

http://dabrownstein.wordpress.com/category/mapping-invasive-marine-species/http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/invasive-alien-species-in-europe/invasive-alien-species-in-europe

International shipping

Aquaculture

Canal construction

Aquarium trade

Live seafood trade

How they invade…

What are the impacts of

invasive species?

Environmental Impacts

Economic Impacts

Health Impacts

Environmental Impacts

Extinction of local species.

Irreparable changes of ecosystems.

Killing or crowding out of native

species.

Completely changing how

ecosystems function.H.Ojaveer, L. Eek, J. Kotta: Vee võõrliikide käsiraamat; Tallinn 2011

Economic Impacts

Direct costs:

controlling the spread of invasive

species.

Indirect costs:

relate to the ecosystem services.

http://www.zeitgeistmediaproject.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2362:economic-crisis&catid=1:default-submission

Health Impacts

Invasive species spread disease.

Food security and water depletion.

http://onehealth.grforum.org/pages_new.php/2nd-One-Health-Summit-2013/243/1/

What You Can Do?

Make sure the plants you are buying for

your home or garden are not invasive.

When boating, make sure to clean your

boat thoroughly before putting it into a

different body of water.

Clean your boots before you hike in a new area.

H.Ojaveer, L. Eek, J. Kotta: Vee võõrliikide käsiraamat; Tallinn 2011

http://greatlakesphragmites.net/files/invasive-species-management-crew-ahead1.jpg

Don't take home any animals,

plants, etc. from different

ecosystems.

NEVER release pets into the

wild.

Volunteer to help remove

invasive species.

Terrestrial invasive species

http://www.invasive.org/species.cfm

The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

Native to Eastern Siberia, northern China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan.

Appeared in Estonia in 1950.

Carries and spreads rabies.

http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilt:Nyctereutes_procyonoides_16072008.jpghttp://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilt:Raccoon_dog_12.jpg

The American mink -(Neovison vison)

From North America.

In Estonia in the 60’s.

The American mink replaces the European mink by killing them.

Mink prey on waterbirds, small mammals and fish.

http://www.habitas.org.uk/invasive/photo.asp?item=620111

http://www.arkive.org/american-mink/neovison-vison/image-A22988.html

http://redbuttecanyon.net/mammalian/m_vison.html

Canada Goose -(Branta canadensis)

From North America.

In Estonia in 1965.

It has a great potential to hybridize with other bird species.

Have impact on human health - droppings may contaminate water and soil.

http://www.cwsd.org/watershed/Wildlife_detail.asp?ID=72

http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/laketour1.htm

Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)

http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/leptinotarsa-decemlineata-photo_lat-16294.html

By ships across the

Atlantic Ocean from

North-America.

In Estonia in 1965.

Have a huge impact on

crop loss.

http://www.dirtdoctor.com/Colorado-Potato-Beetle_vq4820.htm

Scale insects –(Icerya purchasi)

http://www.passionflow.co.uk/passion-flower-passiflora-pests-diseases.htm

They came through

ornamental plants

transportation.

Scale insects weaken

plants and destroy crops.

http://www.bnhs.co.uk/focuson/scales/html/

The Indian meal moth –(Plodia interpunctella)

http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/urban/stored/indianmeal_moth.htm

Larves ~ 12mm lõng and Adults ~ 8–10 mm in length with 16–20 mm wingspans.

They came with different foodproducts being tranported to Estonia.

Larvae spin massive amounts of silk in food products.

http://old.padil.gov.au/pbt/index.php?q=node/20&pbtID=205

http://old.padil.gov.au/pbt/index.php?q=node/23&pbtID=205

Sosnowsky's Hogweed - (Heracleum sosnowskyi)

http://www.treknature.com/gallery/Asia/Georgia/photo212222.htm

http://www.blogpediatra.ru/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Heracleum-sosnowskyi-bigimg.jpghttp://www.delfi.ee/news/paevauudised/eesti/murgine-karuputk-hiilib-aedadesse-ja-pollule.d?id=4016838

Originally native to

Caucasus

All parts of this plant

are toxic.

Plant's juice cause

photosensitivity and

burns.

http://animalworld.com.ua/news/news_386

Warty Cabbage (Bunias orientalis)

Native to Caucasus and

southern Russia.

Spreaded during the 17th

century across Caucasus to

Europe

Warty Cabbage is a dominant

plant, which can easily replace

other plants.

http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/warty-cabbage-photo-9119.html

Portuguese slug (Arion lusitanicus)

http://diertjevandedag.classy.be/weekdieren/slakken/Spaanse%20wegslak.htm

About 7-15 cm long

and reddish brown

colour.

Originally described in

Portugal.

The harvest loss goes

up to 50% because of

these species.

Marine invasive species

http://www.invasive.org/species.cfm

Round goby -(Neogobius melanostomus)

Length is about 12 - 25 cm

They came from the Black,

Caspian, Azov and Marmara Sea.

Crowds out other fish from their

habitat by eating their eggs and

food.

http://www.aquatax.de/Gobiidae_Grundeln/Neogobius_melanostomus/http://www.nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=23

Harris mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisi)

http://msn.visitmuve.it/it/ricerca/banche-dati-2/db-alloctone-laguna-e-mediterraneo/rhithropanopeus-harrisi/

From North-Eastern Gulf of Riga.

They have ability to quickly adopt new enviroments.

http://www.dfw.state.or.us/MRP/shellfish/crab/images/rhithropanopeus_ID_ODFW.jpg

Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EriocheirSinensis1.jpg

From East coast of China.

Brought to Europe in the

20th century.

Destroys fishes and fish

foods in fish farms and

destoys local species.http://www.rimeis.org/species/images/es2.jpg

Fishhook waterflea(Cercopagis pengoi)

http://wdfw.wa.gov/ais/cercopagis_pengoi/

A small crustacean ~0,5mm-1cm.

From the Black Sea and the Caspian sea.

In Estonia in 1992.

Spread to inland waters when fishing gear is contaminated with egg-laden females.

http://findmeinthewater.wordpress.com/ - April 27 2012

http://www.northeastans.org/online-guide/species-information.html?SpeciesID=24

Canadian Waterweed - (Elodea canadensis)

Native to North America.

Came to Europe during the

19th century.

Was sighted in Estonia in 1905

Likes high-nutrient water and

causes overgrowth of water.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Elodea_canadensis2_ies.jpg

https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/elodea/canadensis/

Zebra mussel -(Dreissena polymorpha)

Originally native to the lakes

of Southern Russia.

Disrupt the ecosystem and

damage harbors and

waterways, ships and boats,

water treatment and power

plants.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Dreissena_polymorpha3.jpg

http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=1299199

http://fatmanslanding.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/mussel.jpg

To sum up…Invasive spnative biodiversityecies = non-native

species.

Causes:, economic losses,

and harm to human health.


Estonia has picked out the following

species:

Indianmeal moth (Plodia interpunctella)

Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)

The American mink (Neovison vison)

Sosnowsky's Hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi)

Portuguese slug (Arion lusitanicus)

Fishhook waterflea(Cercopagis pengoi)

Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus)

Thank you for listening!

The longer we ignore the problems the harder and more

expensive the battle for control will become.


References1. H.Ojaveer, L. Eek, J. Kotta: Vee võõrliikide käsiraamat; Tallinn 2011

2. L. Eek, T. Kukk: Maismaa võõrliikide käsiraamat; Tallinn 2013

3. http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/invasives/

4. http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-invasive-species.htm

5. http://www.environmentalgovernance.org/research/issues/invasive-species/

6. http://www.eria.ee/public/files/Infoleht_138.pdf

7. http://www.europe-aliens.org/pdf/Neogobius_melanostomus.pdf

8. http://www.enveurope.com/content/23/1/23

9. http://dabrownstein.wordpress.com/category/mapping-invasive-marine-species/

10. http://theaphidroom.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/invasive-species.jpg

11. http://apps.rhs.org.uk/advicesearch/profile.aspx?PID=224

12. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/urban/stored/indianmeal_moth.htm

12. http://www.helsinki.fi/metsatieteet/tiedotteet/pdf/ME408_Group9_report.pdf

13. http://www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/Plants_Wildlife/invhelp.asp

Invasive species est

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