INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL...
-
Upload
lynne-adams -
Category
Documents
-
view
394 -
download
4
Transcript of INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL...
![Page 1: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE
TTS 171: PART 1: 2002
By GEORGE SAMPSON
ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III
GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE
![Page 2: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is the T&T Wiring Code?
• Revised edition of TTS: 26 20 505-1978
• REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ELECTRICAL WIRING OF BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT
• More Comprehensive
• Additional technical information.
![Page 3: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WHO BENEFITS?• Electrical Fraternity members
and clients
AREAS• Designing
• Planning
• The actual installation of a wiring system
![Page 4: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SCOPE• COVERS: Installations up to 600 volts
• NOT COVERED:Installations operated by Authorities
forthe Generation & Distribution of electrical power such as:
Powergen InnCogen T&TEC
![Page 5: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ENFORCEMENT
HOW?
• The CEI is the authority with jurisdiction
• Interpretation
• Enforcement of this standard
![Page 6: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CONFLICT
• If ever, any conflict arises between TTS 171 and any other standard, the CEI shall be the sole arbitrator and his decision shall be final
![Page 7: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WHAT’S NEW?
The terminologies are in harmony with international standards
Examples
2002 1978
•Ground •Earth
•Grounding Conductor •Earth Continuity Conductor
•Grounding Electrode Conductor
•Earthing Lead (MEC)
•Receptacle Outlet •Socket Outlet
![Page 8: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
WHAT’S NEW ? ( Cont’d )
• Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter & Ground Fault Protection of equipment are also new to the list of definitions.
![Page 9: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ANNEX C
• Revision of TTS 1978 ( Table 21 )
• Guidelines on sub-circuit requirements for:• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial Installations
![Page 10: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Simple Formulae and Worked Example for voltage drop calculation ( section D.1.7.3)
• New to this standard
• It was included to assist with the application of the Voltage Drop Tables
![Page 11: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ANNEX EMaximum conductor fill for Conduits
& Boxes
Consider a practical case:
Install the following conductors within a common raceway:
• 6 x 1.5mm sq.
• 8 x 2.5mm sq.
• 4 x 6.0mm sq.
• 6 x 4.0mm sq.
![Page 12: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Comply with section 6.2.7
• A space factor of 40% is not to be exceeded.
• The cables are not to be damaged.
• No more than two ( 2 ) 90 degrees bends are allowed along the conduit work.
![Page 13: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DISTRIBUTION AND PROTECTION (Section 4.1.1)
• Every consumer’s installation shall be adequately controlled by a service disconnect. i.e. Main Switch or Circuit Breaker
• Does this requirement apply to systems utilizing standby power from a Generator?
![Page 14: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• The CEI requires that all wiring
systems are to comply with section 4.1.1 whether they utilize a standby Generator or not.
• In addition, those with standby power must incorporate suitable Transfer Equipment.
![Page 15: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Why Transfer Equipment?
• This is to prevent the inadvertent or accidental interconnection of the normal (T&TEC) and the standby ( Generator) sources of power.
![Page 16: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HIGHLIGHTS FROM OTHER SECTIONS
OF THE CODE
![Page 17: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
MARKINGS
• Section 3.10.1 requires each piece of electrical apparatus and material to bear such markings to identify it
• To ensure its suitability for the particular application
![Page 18: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Examples of Markings• Manufacturers’ name, trademark, or other
recognized symbols of identification
• Rated load in amperes
• Rated frequency or frequency ranges in hertz
• Whether for continuous load or intermittent
![Page 19: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Consequences of failure to conform to technical data
• Persons could receive a severe electric shock
• Explosion or fire may occur
• Serious injury may occur from a fall or flying objects
• Electrocution is also a very, very real possibility
![Page 20: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The foregoing are sufficient reasons to be
meticulous when selecting equipment and materials.
![Page 21: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR &
GROUNDING CONDUCTOR
![Page 22: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Why should we give the Grounding Electrode
Conductor and the Grounding Conductor the respect they
deserve?
![Page 23: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Three basic reasons for grounding• Limits the voltage caused by lightning, or by
accidental contact with conductors of higher voltages.
• Stabilizes the voltage under normal operating conditions - to maintain the voltage at one level relative to ground so equipment connected to the system is subjected only to that potential difference.
• Facilitates the operation of over current devices such as fuses, circuit breakers or relays under ground fault conditions.
![Page 24: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Selection and application of:
• The Grounding Electrode Conductor and the Grounding Conductor deserves our keenness attention
• Sizes of grounding conductors
( Sec 9.5 )
See Current Ed. Of NFPA 70 Tables
250-66 and 250-122
![Page 25: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
APPARATUS IN GARAGES (Section 8.5)
Where motor-driven vehicles are:• Stored• Serviced• Repaired
• All apparatus shall, unless of a totally enclosed or flameproof type, be installed at a minimum height of 1200mm ( 4ft ) above the general floor level.
![Page 26: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SEGREGATION OF CIRCUITS (Section 5.23 )
• Lighting and power cables operating at voltages above extra-low ( i.e.exceeding 50 V a.c. or
120 V d.c. whether between conductor or to ground).
• Shall not be drawn into the same conduit or duct as cables of extra-low voltage or of radio systems.
• Unless the latter are insulated for the higher voltage present.
![Page 27: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Note:
Failure to observe these guidelines
may result in Electromagnetic
Induction (EMI ) and disruption of
the extra-low voltage equipment.
![Page 28: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
RACEWAY INSTALLATIONS (section 6.1.1)
• Conduit works shall be completed before any cables are drawn in.
• Ends shall be reamed and bushed to avoid abrasion.
• Inspection boxes shall remain accessible throughout the life of the installation.
![Page 29: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
TESTING AND INSPECTION(Section 10 )
• To determine what malfunctions are possible
• To determine what protection is necessary and sufficient
• To minimize the ill-effects of such malfunctions
![Page 30: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Section 10.1.1
• Requires that every new installation and
any alteration to an existing installation
shall be inspected and tested to ensure
compliance with TTS 171
![Page 31: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Inspection and Testing
Involves:
• Visual examination of workmanship• Verification of polarity (I.R.test)• Effectiveness of grounding• Continuity• A verification of polarity shall be made
to ensure that all fuses, circuit breakers and single pole control devices, are connected to live conductors only.
![Page 32: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Since ground fault protection relies on operation of fuses or circuit breakers,
the resistance or impedance between the electrode and the remote end of every
grounding conductor, shall not exceed 1 ohm.
• Where metal conduit forms part or whole of the grounding conductor, the
above shall also apply.
![Page 33: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Electrical Metallic Tubing ( EMT )
• Shall be protected against any risk of mechanical damage.
• Not to be exposed to rain, dripping water, condensation, oil, corrosive substances and hazardous location.
• Not bend, as to damage the tubing or to effectively reduce its internal diameter.
• Not be buried directly in the ground.
![Page 34: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CONTROL OF MOTORS
(Section 8.12.2) • Each motor and its control equipment shall
have a disconnecting means.
For remote disconnecting means:• an additional means of isolation adjacent to the
motor shall be installed OR• a lockout device shall be installed adjacent to
the motor
• The remote means of isolation shall be able to be locked in the off-position.
![Page 35: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Conclusion
Section 3.1.2 reads in part:
• This standard contains minimum provision considered necessary for safety, but is not to be regarded as a design specification or an instruction manual for untrained persons.
![Page 36: INTRODUCTION TO T&T ELECTRICAL WIRING CODE TTS 171: PART 1: 2002 By GEORGE SAMPSON ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR III GOVERNMENT ELECTRICAL INSPECTORATE.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050706/56649d955503460f94a7dbe5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
THE END