Introduction to the Moroccan R&D and Innovation system preparatory meeting of american moroccan...

Preparatory meeting of American-Moroccan competencies Network Forum New York June 23, 2012

Introduction to the Moroccan Research and Innovation System

Ilyas AZZIOUI

Preparatory Meeting of American-Moroccan Competencies Network Forum New York, June 23, 2012

Date : 23 June 2012


Research Policy

COSEF CharterLinking University-entreprise : priority

Law 01-00Role of the university in the dvlpt of the country

Evaluation of the Research System

Vision 2025 + 2006-2010 PLAN

Emergency Pgm:Projet 14: € 72 M

for research

2000

Towards a socio-economical role of University

2003

2005

2009-2012

1999


Research Policy

The major goals for Project 14 “Promotion of Scientific Research” were as follows:

•To increase the percentage of accredited research structures within universities from 69% in 2008 to 92% in 2012;•To increase Moroccan scientific publications in indexed periodicals from 1991 in 2008 to 3500 in 2012;•To increase the number of PhD theses from 820 in 2009 to 2300 in 2012;•The registration of 330 patents by Moroccan universities in the period of 2009-2012.


Research System


Resources for R&D

GDP (2010): € 67 billion

GERD/GDP (2010): 0,73 % GERD/GDP (2006): 0,64 %

GERD (2010): € 560 M

Public GERD (2010) 68 %

Public GERD (2006) 82 %

Private GERD (2010): 30 %

Private GERD (2006): 12 %

Inter Coop (2010): 1.5 %

Inter Coop (2006): 3 %


Societal Challemges for R&D

According to the vision 2025, the main societal challenges that should drive Moroccan research in the future are:

1. Education and training2. Access to basic services (infrastructure, potable water, electricity,

health, etc.)3. Fight against poverty and social exclusion4. Other challenges: fight against drought’s effects, environment

degradation, slums and diseases (AIDS, Malaria, etc.)


Priorities for R&D

Thematic S&T Priorities are as follows:

1. Agriculture in difficult conditions 2. Improved quality of life 3. Knowledge, preservation and valorisation of natural resources 4. Environment and sustainable development 5. Biotechnology6. Risk management7. Innovation and competitiveness of enterprises8. Cultural and socio-economic development


HR for R&D

There are 37246 researchers in the country (headcount, not full-time equivalent) out of which 12166 are faculty members who work in universities and 17686 are PhD student (2010)

According to the advisory report published by the Hassan II Academy of science and technology in 2009:

Morocco has to train about 15000 (professors-researchers or full time researchers ) for the next decade to face the research quality requirements, the increasing number of students and retirement departures

Researchers represented a share of 1,89/1000 of the economically active population in the age group 25-64 in 2005

Across disciplines, 37% of the R&D personnel belong to the field of Social and Human Sciences, 32% are in Natural and exact sciences, 22% operate in Engineering Sciences and 9% in Medical Sciences

In 2006, 12643 were registered as PhD students (56% in Social and Human Sciences) but only 785 theses were defended the same year (69% in Social and Human Sciences).


Other Policies

Digital Morocco (Maroc numéric): A budget of € 520 million (5.2 billion DH) was allocated to support the plan during the period 2009-2013. Launched by the Ministry of Industry, Trade and new technologies to promote the IT sector in Morocco, ( support RDI activities, a seed capital fund (Maroc numeric fund), promotion and creation of new technoparks and incubators in different regions and last but not least the creation of a Soft Centre for software development (brings together public and private actors and offers R&D services to Moroccan IT companies).

GREEN MOROCCO PLAN (2010-2020) (Plan Maroc Vert) is a national strategy based on a new, ambitious and pragmatic vision for the promotion of the agricultural sector in Morocco. Green Morocco Plan devised several measures to raise the agricultural GDP from € 7 to 10 billion (70 to 100 billion DH). Some of these measures could have a direct or indirect impact on sectoral research in this field such as the creation of new research centres, agro-poles.

The Moroccan Solar Power Plan was launched November 2, 2009 in Ouarzazate by HRH the King Mohammed VI, with an investment cost estimated at 9 billion US dollars. It is part of the Moroccan energy strategy aiming to increase electricity production and implement five Concentrated Solar Power plant of a total power output of 2000 MW by 2020.


Other Policies

The National Pact for Industrial Emergence: Launched by the Ministry of Industry, Trade and new technologies, it focuses on export oriented economic sectors where Morocco could obtain a sustainable advantage and a high potential for growth.

1. off-shoring

2. textiles and clothing,

3. automobile

4. aeronautics,

5. electronics,

6. agro-food,

7. exploitation of marine resources and industrial crafts.

8. More recently high-tech sectors such as nanotechnology, biotechnology and microelectronics were added. Publicauthorities provided direct support of € 50 million (500 million DH) over five years to the MASCIR foundation to develop applied research in those fields.


Knowledge Demand

To support the National Pact for Industrial Emergence (2009-2015) a profiling of the human resources needs of each sector for the whole period of the programme (2009-2015) has been carried out. The main results are summarised in the following table:

Sectors Managers Engineers Technicians Operators Total

Off shoring 1 000 3000 10500 55000 70000

Automotive 1500 7000 9000 32500 70000

Aeronautics 300 1900 3000 9800 15000

Electronics 200 1400 2700 4700 9000

textiles and leather

300 2000 7500 24000 32000

Agro-food 500 500 8500 14500 24000

Total 3800 15800 39400 141000 220000


Innovation Policy


Innovation Policy

Governance and framework: 1. Setting up a National Innovation Committee; 2. The creation of a dedicated structure (Moroccan innovation Centre); 3. Fostering a flexible and effective legal framework for innovation

Infrastructure: 1. Technological infrastructures; 2. Technology transfer infrastructures (implementation of Innovation cities ); 3. Clusters.

Funding & Support: 1. Developing a portfolio of products/schemes to support innovation; 2. Stimulation of the venture capital system; 3. Development of the intellectual property market; 4. Mobilisation of international funds for innovation.

Attracting Talents: 1. Creation of the Moroccan Innovation Club; 2. Promotion of the innovation culture; 3. Positioning Morocco R&D and innovation offer.


Innovation Policy

Morocco Innovation Initiative Achievements

Governance & Framework:

Creation of CMI + Innovation bill (incentives to innovative startups, Recruit of PhDs)

Technological Infrastructure:

Creation of 4 clusters + Launching of 4 Innovation Cities

Funding & Support:

Intilak (up to € 100,000) for start-ups & Tatwir(up to € 400,000) for

private applied R&D project

Attracting Talents:

Innovation Trophy + Moroccan Club of Innovation portal


Knowledge Production

In a study using Scopus database and published by the Moroccan Scientific and Technical Information Institute (IMIST) in 2010, it was found that: the Moroccan scientific production numbered 16120 publications between

1999 (1200 publications) and 2009 (2117 publications) Distribution across scientific disciplines is as follows: 52% in Physical

Sciences, Health Sciences 24%, Life Sciences 20%, and 4% only for Social Sciences.

ESTIME project (Laville et al., 2007) investigating Thomson database found that : The two disciplines for which the world share was the highest were

mathematics (2,78‰) and chemistry (1,21‰). The specialisation index for Morocco were, in 2004, mathematics (3.21),

chemistry (1.39) and astro and geo-sciences (1.13). The best world share of citations were in mathematics (0,91 ‰) and

engineering (0,66‰). The average impact index for Morocco was 0.28. The highest impact rates

were registered in engineering (0.78) followed by chemistry (0.51), while medical research had the lowest one (0,12);


Knowledge Production (Patents)

Patents: The Moroccan Industrial and Commercial Property Office (OMPIC) received 1007 applications in 2010 against 929 applications in 2009. 151 were nationals and 856 were foreigners. 11 Moroccan universities applied for 40 patents in the same year. There is no evidence with regard to the socio-economic impacts of university patents. EPO and US PTO patenting is marginal.


Knowledge Circulation

Technology Dissemination Network (RDT) – Réseau de Diffusion de Technologie –. It focuses at matching needs in the enterprise sphere with competencies based at universities and public research centres. The objective is to accompany client compqnies in all stages of implementation of a technology strategy.

The Moroccan Institute for Scientific and Technological Information (IMIST) – Institut Marocain de l’information Scientifique et Technique– leads efforts to improve links between industry and academia by providing online access to catalogues of research results and databases of competencies available in the universities and research organisations and carrying out technology watch activities mainly in the field of Agro-food.

Morocco Spin-off/Spin-out and Incubation Network (RMIE) – Réseau Maroc Incubation et Essaimage –The RMIE supports a network of mainly “university based incubators”. It focuses on providing technical as well as financial support (Pre-seed capital to enable the development of the business idea into a credible business plan) to new technology based start-ups through a pre-incubation and incubation process.

Research to Business



•Research & •Invention

•Innovation: new •businessViable

Business

Basic Research

Basic Research

InventionInnovation

&New Business

“Valley of Death”

The Darwinian SeaLack of skills

Lack of Money



International cooperation played an important role in the emergence of research activities within universities . About 75 % of references recorded by SCI (1998-2002), were co-authored by Moroccans and authors from a variety of countries. 88.2% of Moroccan research labs declared to have international collaboration(s) in 2003 (622 were recorded), (66.4 % or 413) were with French, Spain (10.0 %), Belgium (4.7 %), Germany, Canada, and Italy (4 %) & USA was in 7th place (3.5 %).

According to the advisory report of Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology (2009) co-publications of Moroccan researchers in 2008 were: 63,9% with researchers from France, 13% Spain, 7,2% USA, 6,4% Italy, 5,5% Germany, 5,2% Canada.

Out of 749 cooperation conventions by Moroccan universities, 578 are with European universities, making 70% of the total. French universities have 63% of cooperation conventions with Europe and 49% of all the conventions signed. Spain and Italy respectively registered a rate of 13% and 7% at the European level. Belgium is rated fourth, with 30 conventions registering 5%.

Cross Border



ASBIMED identified about 31 bilateral programmes between Morocco and EU member (France 14, Spain 6, Belgium 6, Germany 2, Portugal 2and Italy 1). In addition to agreements with EU member states Morocco has signed other agreements with non EU countries, the most active ones are with the following countries: Tunisia; Egypt;USA.

In 2011, the CNRST allocated € 290,000 to support collaboration with French institutions (CNRS, INSERM, INRIA) and € 114,000 to support collaboration with institutions from other countries CSIC & CIEMAT (Spain), CNRi (Italy), DFG (Germany), FCT (Portugal), KOSEF (South Korea), ONRT (Hungary). CSIC stopped cooperation with the CNRST for 2012 most probably because of budget constraints in Spain.

Cross Border


Knowledge Circulation (diaspora)

FINCOME - CNRST

Within the broader governmental FINCOME program. An open call for proposals is launched by the CNRST and R&D Maroc with the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to support the following actions carried out by highly skilled Disapora:

1. Transfer of expertise

2. Meetings (of strategic Nature)

3. Projects of Diaspora networks

4. Innovative entrepreneurship

It's a mobility scheme that provides support for plane tickets and per diems (8 days max)


Knowledge Circulation FINCOME - CNRST


Knowledge Circulation FINCOME - CNRST

More than 270 experts so far


FINCOME - CNRST

Type of expertises Nb

Training 43

Research 10

Meetings 10

Cooperations 03

Thematics Nb

IT, Electronics & telecom 15

Exact Sciences 15

Biology & Health 14

Economy 8

Human & social sciences 7partnerships 5

Nature of 66 expertises in 2010


Thank you

Ilyas [email protected]

[email protected]


Contexte Incubation

•Research & •Invention

•Innovation: new •businessViable

Business

Basic Research

Basic Research

InventionInnovation

&New Business

“Valley of Death”

The Darwinian SeaCapitaux

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