Introduction to Operating System Administration Tasks of...
23
Introduction to Operating System Administration Tasks of the Sysadmin René Serral-Gracià Xavier Martorell-Bofill 1 1 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) May 26, 2014
Transcript of Introduction to Operating System Administration Tasks of...
Introduction to Operating SystemAdministration
Tasks of the Sysadmin
René Serral-Gracià Xavier Martorell-Bofill1
1Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
May 26, 2014
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Subtect Topics
1 Operating System Administration Introduction2 Operating System installation3 User management4 Application management5 System monitoring6 Filesystem Maintenance7 Local services8 Network services9 Security and Protection
10 Virtualization
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 2
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levels
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 3
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 IntroductionGoals
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levels
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 4
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Goals
Understand what a Sysadmin isTasksResponsibilitiesNecessary knowledge
Understand and honor the Sysadmin ethical code
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 5
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levels
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 6
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Exercise
Sysadmin tasks
IndividuallyList the sysadmin tasks
Which of those activities are you able to perform?
In groupGather the task list
Sort them by importance
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 7
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Solution
Check system’s securityPerform regular backupsSolve incoming issuesAssist end-users in their daily work
Related to their systems
Keep local documentationInstall and manage softwareManage usersAdd/update hardwareMonitor the system and ensure it works properly
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 8
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levelsNoviceJuniorSenior
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 9
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Novice Sysadmin
Knowledge and abilitiesGood communication skills
Able to verbally/writing expose simple proceduresFamiliarity with the operating system and their commandsat user level
File editing, directory browsing, redirection operatorsAble to follow guidelines easily
Adequate responsibilitiesRegular common tasks under technical supervisionDirect end-user assistance
Issue gatheringClassification and redirection to the relevant Sysadmin
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 10
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Junior Sysadmin
Knowledge and abilitiesAble to teach end-users application usage andUNIX/Windows/. . . low level commandsHigh understanding of most commands inUNIX/Windows/. . .Knowledge about operating system theory
Task scheduling, filesystem, file protections, . . .
ResponsibilitiesAdminister an small installationBe part of a bigger installation, under supervision
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 11
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Senior Sysadmin – Knowledge and abilities
Plan the needs of the installation, buy, and install newresourcesEase of use of most operating system commands andoptions
Server configurationOperating System Installation and configuration
System Security knowledgeSecurity tools, proactive systems, . . .
Advanced knowledge about operating system internalsPaging, swap, inter process communication, devices
Familiarity in networking conceptsRouters, proxies, firewalls, network services
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 12
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Sysadmin senior – Responsibilities
Average installations managementPartial responsibility of bigger installationsPart of future planning of the installationResponsible of other administrators (juniors and novices)
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 13
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levels
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 14
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Exercise
In group
Has the Sysadmin the right to read e-mails from otherusers?And to monitor which web pages they visit?
ExampleAn employee is fired from a company because he/she spent toomuch time sending personal e-mails to his/her friends irrelevantto the company.
Which is the role of the Sysadmin in this situation?
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 15
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Exercise
In group
Has the Sysadmin the right to read e-mails from otherusers?And to monitor which web pages they visit?
ExampleAn employee is fired from a company because he/she spent toomuch time sending personal e-mails to his/her friends irrelevantto the company.
Which is the role of the Sysadmin in this situation?
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 15
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Administrator ethical code
SolutionThe Administrator ethical code forbids to access theinformation contained in the users e-mailsHe/she is not allowed to monitor by his/her own, it must be“company policy” and the users must be informed that theirdata might be monitoredHas provided the information as requested by any of hisemployersIf employee contrats say that the Intellectual Propertygenerated in the complany belongs to the complay. Thenthe company can legally act agains an employee usingcompany resources for personal benefit
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 16
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Administrator ethical code
SeriousnessKeep separated personal and professional aspects
Personal integrityHonesty, able to be aware of his/her own limitations anderrors
PrivacyKeep the confidenciality of other’s dataAccess privileged information only when it is absolutenecessary
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 17
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Administrator ethical code
Education, laws and usage policiesBe up-to-date in terms concerning ethical norms used inthis/her work, share the knowledge with others
Penal Laws, LOPD, LSSI
CommunicationInform the users about important data
Ethical responsibilityProfficiency, coherency, integrity and honesty
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 18
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
LOPD (Data protection and Organic law)
Determines the treabment of data files (databases)Name/surname, ID, direction, bank accounts, credit cardnumers, . . .
The company must inform about the existency of files tothe Data Protection AgencyThe company must adopt determined security measuresdepending on the privacy of the data fileThe company must write a document clearly stating thetaken security measuresTeh employees contracts must be coherent with the law interms of the kept private information
You must keep up-to-date!!
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 19
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
More Laws
LSSICE – Ley de Servicios de la Sociedad de laInformación y de Comercio Electrónico (LSSI)
It regulates the web pages (and other electonic media) witheconomical purposesDirect such as sells, . . . , or indirects such asadvertisement, . . .Communicate to the public registries about the domainname usedClearly state the price of the offered goodsForbidden to deliver electronic communications withoutprevious consent (Spam). . .
LISI – Ley para el Impulso de la Sociedad de laInformación
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 20
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Outline
1 Introduction
2 Sysadmin tasks
3 Sysadmin Ability levels
4 Administrator’s ethical code
5 Personal work
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 21
Introduction Tasques Sysadmin Ability levels Administrator’s ethical code Personal work
Personal work
UNIX knowledge at user levells, cd, mkdir, rmdir, cp, mv, rm, cat, moreShell, redirection operators (<,>,> &), and pipes (|)apropos, mangrep, findvi
Hard disk preparation and partitioningfdisk, mke2fs, mkswap, mount
R. Serral-Gracià, et. al Introduction and Tasks 22
