Introduction to Mineralogy Dr. Tark Hamilton Chapter 5: Lecture 17 Earth’s Chemistry & Minerals
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Transcript of Introduction to Mineralogy Dr. Tark Hamilton Chapter 5: Lecture 17 Earth’s Chemistry & Minerals
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Introduction to MineralogyDr. Tark Hamilton
Chapter 5: Lecture 17Earth’s Chemistry & Minerals
Camosun College GEOS 250
Lectures: 9:30-10:20 M T Th F300
Lab: 9:30-12:20 W F300
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Ternary Plot: Feldspar Composition
Alkali Feldspars
Plagioclase
Anorthoclase
Sanidine
Solvus
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Subdivisions of Earth’s interior
1Kbar = 100 MPa
Oxygen 94% 8 Elements=99%
Fe98% Ni2%Fe80% Ni20%
“Perovskite”“spinel”
Olivine
Peridotite
Granodiorite
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Widmanstaaten pattern: “Gibeon” meteorite, Namibia, FeNi (111) exsolution
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The “Big 8” Elements:Earth’s Crust
Cumulative CationPore VolumeEstimates from Till & Crustal Rocks
Waters: (Na+ >Ca+2 >K+ >Mg+2 >Fe+2 >SiO2 ) & [Cl- >(HCO3) - >(SO4)-2] TDS<3ppt
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Elemental composition of Crust
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Alta’ameem Meteorite, Iraq: Chromite, Ilmentite, Troilite
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Apollo 12 Oceanus ProcellarumBasalt: Chromite, Ulvospinel, FeNi
PlagioclasePyroxene
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Garnet Peridotite: Alp Arami SZ
Woudloper
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Phase Transitions: Peridotite
olivine
Spinel
perovskite
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Pressure compresses Volume
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Perovskite: CaTiO3 Structure
Si4+ Al3+
Ca2+ Mg2+ Fe2+