BuildPreprocessingCompilationPostprocessingDistributionDeployment

What is Maven?Mostly used as a build tool for Java projectsIt is more than a build toolProject Object Model (POM)Project lifecyclesDependency managementPlugin frameworkIt is a project management tool

A Simple Maven Example

4.0.0 edu.calstatela.cs520 maven-exmaple 1.0

pom.xmlRun:mvn compilemvn package

pom.xml and modelVersionpom.xml is a description of the projectmodelVersion is the version of the grammar of the description

Maven CoordinatesgroupIdName of the company, organization, team etc., usually using the reverse URL naming conventionartifactIdA unique name for the project under groupIdversionpackaging, default: jarclassifierMaven coordinates uniquely identifies a project.

Convention Over ConfigurationSystems, libraries, and frameworks should assume reasonable defaults.See the Effect POM tab of pom.xml in Eclipse for allthe defaults.

Default Directory Structuresrc/main/javasrc/main/resources for files that should be placed under classpathsrc/main/webapp for web applicationssrc/test/javatarget

How Does Maven Work?Q: what happens when you run mvn compile?A: Maven will go through each phase of the build lifecycle up to the compile phase, and run the operations associated with each phase

Build LifecycleThe process for building and distributing a projectA build lifecycle consists of a number of steps called phases.

Some Lifecycle Phasesvalidatecompiletestpackagedeployhttp://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introduction-to-the-lifecycle.html#Lifecycle_Reference

About Lifecycle PhasesNot all projects utilize all phasesNot all phases have operations associated with them

Goals and PluginsGoals, a.k.a. Mojos, are operations provided by Maven plugins

Some Maven Pluginsresourcescompilersurefirejar, war

http://maven.apache.org/plugins/index.html

Example of Using a Plugin

org.apache.maven.plugins maven-compiler-plugin 2.3.2 default-compile compile compile 1.6

About The Plugin ExampleA plugin is uniquely identified by its coordinates just like any other projectGoals are associated (i.e. bound) to a build lifecycle phaseThe behavior of a goal can be customized with additional parameters in the section

Run a Maven BuildMaven will go through each build lifecycle phase up to the specified phaseIn each phase, execute the goals bound to that phasemvn

Run a Maven Build in EclipseNeed the m2e Eclipse pluginRight click on the project then select Run As Maven Build Give the build a nameEnter the phase name for GoalsClick Run

Why Not Just Use an IDECan your IDE do everything you want?Deploy a web application to a remote serverGenerate source code from some metadata filesCreate a zip package of selected files for homework submission

Why Use MavenEverybody uses it!Common framework for project build and managementProject Object ModelBuild lifecyclesArchetypeDependency managementResource filtering

ArchetypeAn archetype is a template for a Maven project which can be used to create new projects quicklyExample: creating a project from archetypemaven-archetype-quickstartmaven-archetype-webappUsers can create new archetypes and publish them through catalogsMain Maven archetype catalog: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/archetype-catalog.xml

Dependency ManagementA dependency of a project is a library that the project depends onAdding a dependency to a project is as simple as adding the coordinates of the library to pom.xmlMaven automatically downloads the library from an online repository and store it locally for future use

Dependency ExampleAdd a dependency to pom.xmlAdd a dependency in Eclipse

javax.servlet javax.servlet-api 3.0.1

Dependencies and RepositoriesSearch for dependency coordinates at http://mvnrepository.com/Maven Central Repository - http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/Additional libraries and repositories - https://maven.nuxeo.org/

More About Dependency ManagementDependencies of a dependency are automatically includedDependency conflicts are automatically resolvedSee CSNS2 for example

Resource FilteringUse placeholders in resource files and replace them with actual value during the build process

Resource Filtering Example

build.properties src/main/resources true

SummaryProject Object Model (POM)CoordinatesLifecycles and phasesPlugins and goalsArchetypeDependency managementResource filtering

Thank You