Materials Science Materials Science EngineeringEngineering

Dr. Holly J. MooreDr. Holly J. Moore

VistaVistaLearning Management SystemLearning Management System

SyllabusSyllabus

ScheduleSchedule

Updated regularlyUpdated regularly

Homework will be available onlineHomework will be available online Solutions Manual in LabSolutions Manual in Lab

PowerPointPowerPoint

Sample TestsSample Tests

Contact InfoContact Info

holly.moore@slcc.edu

Office hoursOffice hours TBDTBD Room SI-021Room SI-021

Phone 957-4418Phone 957-4418

Text BookText Book

The Science and Engineering of MaterialsThe Science and Engineering of Materials Donald AskelandDonald Askeland 5th Edition5th Edition

The 4th Edition is also adequateThe 4th Edition is also adequate

Try www.addall.comTry www.addall.com

GradingGrading

4 tests at 100 pts each4 tests at 100 pts each

Online quizes at 10 to 20 pts eachOnline quizes at 10 to 20 pts each

Turn in homework 5 times, for 20 pts eachTurn in homework 5 times, for 20 pts each No late homework is accepted!!!No late homework is accepted!!!

Final at 200 ptsFinal at 200 pts

Lab Notebook – 8 labs @10 pts eachLab Notebook – 8 labs @10 pts each

Extra CreditExtra Credit

Up to 50 pts of extra credit availableUp to 50 pts of extra credit available Read Michael Crichton’s book Read Michael Crichton’s book AirframeAirframe and and

write a “book report”.– 25 ptswrite a “book report”.– 25 pts Share a current event related to Materials Share a current event related to Materials

Science with the class – 10 ptsScience with the class – 10 pts Bring in examples of engineering materials we Bring in examples of engineering materials we

are discussing in class – 10 ptsare discussing in class – 10 pts Do an in class demonstration - variableDo an in class demonstration - variable

Extra CreditExtra Credit

Arrange a field trip or a guest speaker – 25 Arrange a field trip or a guest speaker – 25 ptspts

Discuss other ideas with me.Discuss other ideas with me.

Don’t wait until the last week of class.Don’t wait until the last week of class.

Remember – the max is 50 pts.Remember – the max is 50 pts.

Civil EngineersCivil Engineers

We’ll finish at MidtermWe’ll finish at Midterm

You will only have three tests, plus a 100 You will only have three tests, plus a 100 pt finalpt final

Your maximum extra credit is 25 pts.Your maximum extra credit is 25 pts.

You are welcome to stay for the remainder You are welcome to stay for the remainder of the class for extra credit or just for of the class for extra credit or just for interestinterest

ExcelExcel

You need to be able to use a spread sheet to do You need to be able to use a spread sheet to do some of the homework problems in the later some of the homework problems in the later portions of the classportions of the class

Feedback from the University of UtahFeedback from the University of Utah

Need a book, or use the one on reserve in the Need a book, or use the one on reserve in the Math Lab.Math Lab.

Spreadsheet Tools for Engineers-Excel 97Spreadsheet Tools for Engineers-Excel 97

Available from Amazon for ~$12Available from Amazon for ~$12

Materials ScienceMaterials Science

Chapter 0 and Chapter 1Chapter 0 and Chapter 1

Why Study Materials Science?Why Study Materials Science?

Everything is made out of somethingEverything is made out of somethingThe properties of the available materials The properties of the available materials determine how it can be useddetermine how it can be usedRecent advances have resulted in a wide Recent advances have resulted in a wide variety of new materials with new variety of new materials with new properties that have changed how we properties that have changed how we build things.build things.

What are some examples?What are some examples?

Composites made with Carbon Composites made with Carbon NanotubesNanotubes

Bicycle used in the 2005 Tour de France – the frame is made with a Carbon Nanotube composite www.nanotechweb.org

Photomicrograph of an electrically conductive Carbon Nanotube – Polypropylene compositehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2008/02/080208182237.jpg

www.wikipedia.org

If you don’t understand how and If you don’t understand how and why materials behave the way they why materials behave the way they do, design mistakes are inevitabledo, design mistakes are inevitable

Shuttle ChallengerShuttle Challenger

Bruce Weaver / AP file

Click on picture to see a movie

Challenger CrewChallenger Crew

Ellison S. Onizuka, Sharon Christa McAuliffe, Greg Jarvis, and Judy Resnik.

In the front row from left to right: Michael J. Smith, Dick Scobee, and Ron McNair.

The photo is S85-44253 from the Johnson Space Center, or GPN-2000-001173 at the Great Images in NASA archive.

Orbiter

Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB’s)

External Tank SRB’s were SRB’s were designed and designed and manufactured manufactured in Utah by in Utah by Morton-Thiokol Morton-Thiokol – now ATK– now ATKIf you get a If you get a chance, be chance, be sure to attend sure to attend one of the one of the occasional test occasional test firings at firings at PromontoryPromontory

Stiffening Rings

Dr. Richard FeynmanDr. Richard Feynman

Famously Famously demonstrated the demonstrated the effect of cold on a effect of cold on a sample of the o-ring sample of the o-ring materialmaterial

What happened?What happened?

When the SRB was When the SRB was pressurized, the joint bent – pressurized, the joint bent – as expectedas expectedUnder normal temperatures Under normal temperatures the o-ring would have the o-ring would have expanded to keep the seal expanded to keep the seal intactintactThe temperatures were too The temperatures were too cold – below the glass cold – below the glass transition temperature for the transition temperature for the rubber – so the rubber was rubber – so the rubber was brittlebrittleHot gas blew past the o-ring, Hot gas blew past the o-ring, ultimately resulting in failureultimately resulting in failure

Some small o-rings

Overnight cold air blasted the aft field O-ring

Notice the puff of black smoke apparent at lift-off

The escaping gas acted like a blow torch aimed at the external tank

What does this have to do with What does this have to do with Materials Science?Materials Science?

In particularIn particular In this course we will learn about the effect of In this course we will learn about the effect of

temperature on material propertiestemperature on material properties We’ll talk about glass transition temperatures We’ll talk about glass transition temperatures

in polymers, ceramics and metalsin polymers, ceramics and metals

In general we’ll study how and why In general we’ll study how and why materials behave the way they do – materials behave the way they do – something you’d better understand when something you’d better understand when you are an engineeryou are an engineer

We are interested in what We are interested in what determines a material’s determines a material’s

properties and how to create properties and how to create materials with the properties materials with the properties

we wantwe want

Properties a Designer Might Be Properties a Designer Might Be Interested InInterested In

Mechanical StrengthMechanical Strength

DuctilityDuctility

Impact ResistanceImpact Resistance

Behavior at temperature extremesBehavior at temperature extremes

Thermal ConductivityThermal Conductivity

Electrical ConductivityElectrical Conductivity

Optical PropertiesOptical Properties

Corrosion ResistanceCorrosion Resistance

Key RelationshipsKey Relationships

Material Material properties depend on the depend on the material material microstructure, which in turn are which in turn are influenced by itsinfluenced by its composition, nanostructure and and processingg

Composition Nanostructure

ProcessingMicrostructure

ApproachApproach

Study microstructures, starting with the Study microstructures, starting with the smallest, and working upsmallest, and working up

Look at the effect of composition on Look at the effect of composition on microstructuremicrostructure

Look at the effect of processing on Look at the effect of processing on microstructuremicrostructure

Connect how microstructure relates to Connect how microstructure relates to propertiesproperties

Where to Start?Where to Start?

The atomThe atom

Atomic bondingAtomic bonding

The different ways that atoms bond to The different ways that atoms bond to each other affects their propertieseach other affects their properties

The different classes of materials are The different classes of materials are different because they are bonded different because they are bonded together differentlytogether differently

5 classes of materials5 classes of materials

MetalsMetals

CeramicsCeramics

PolymersPolymers

CompositesComposites

SemiconductorsSemiconductors

I’ll ask you this on a test

Even without studying these materials you probably have a pretty good idea of how they behave

What Properties are What Properties are Characteristic of each Characteristic of each

Material Type?Material Type?

 

MetalsMetals CeramicsCeramics PolymersPolymers

StrongStrong StrongStrong Usually not strongUsually not strong

DuctileDuctile BrittleBrittle Very ductileVery ductile

Electrical Electrical ConductorConductor

Electrical InsulatorElectrical Insulator Electrical InsulatorElectrical Insulator

Heat ConductorHeat Conductor Thermal InsulatorThermal Insulator Thermal InsulatorThermal Insulator

Not transparentNot transparent May be transparentMay be transparent Not transparentNot transparent

ShinyShiny Heat ResistantHeat Resistant Low DensitiesLow Densities

Composites are a combination of Composites are a combination of propertiesproperties

Semiconductors have unique Semiconductors have unique electrical propertieselectrical properties

We’ll focus on We’ll focus on MetalsMetals, and , and CeramicsCeramics

Move on to polymers and compositesMove on to polymers and composites

Leave Semiconductors for another classLeave Semiconductors for another class

Design Thought ExerciseDesign Thought Exercise

In closing today let’s do a design thought In closing today let’s do a design thought exercise – from a materials science point exercise – from a materials science point of viewof view

How Would You Design a How Would You Design a Coffee Cup?Coffee Cup?

CriteriaCriteria

Available MaterialsAvailable Materials

CostCost

For Next TimeFor Next Time

Read and review Chapter 1Read and review Chapter 1

Read Chapter 2Read Chapter 2