INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BIOLOGY pp. 907-910. Physiology vs. Anatomy ANATOMY : study of the structure...
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Transcript of INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BIOLOGY pp. 907-910. Physiology vs. Anatomy ANATOMY : study of the structure...
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INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BIOLOGYpp. 907-910
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Physiology vs. Anatomy
ANATOMY: study of the structure of the human body
PHYSIOLOGY: study of the functions of the human body
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Levels of Organization
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
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TISSUES Group of cells working together
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TYPES of TISSUES
1. MUSCLE: contract in coordination upon stimulation
Skeletal- voluntary movement cardiac and smooth- involuntary movement
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TYPES of TISSUES
2. NERVOUS: receive and transmit information and signals (made of cells called neurons)
Never grows back once damaged Long extensions allows for fast communication
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TYPES of TISSUES
3. EPITHELIAL: cover inner and outer surfaces of bodies, cavities, and canals
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BODY TISSUES
4. CONNECTIVE cells surrounded by extra-cellular, non-
living tissue bone, cartilage, tendons, blood
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ORGANStissues working
together
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ORGAN SYSTEMS
Two or more organs working together for a specific function
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ORGAN SYSTEMS
Muscular: support and movement
Skeletal: protection and support
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• Respiratory: gas exchange
• Circulatory: transport of gases, nutrients, waste, and chemicals to all parts of the body.
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• Immune: fights pathogens
• Integumentary (skin): protection
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• Endocrine: controls body function via chemical messengers.
• Nervous: regulation, conduction, and coordination
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• Digestive: breakdown and absorption of food
• Excretory: removal of liquid, gas, and solid wastes
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• Reproductive: production of sex cells (offspring)
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BODY CAVITIES
Organs housed and protected in cavities
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BODY CAVITIES Organs housed and
protected in cavities Cranial-brain
Spinal-spine
Thoracic-heart and respiratory organs (diaphragm separates thoracic and abdominal)
Abdominal-digestive system organs
Pelvic-reproductive and excretory organs