INTRODUCTION TO ENDODONTICS. Lecture Outline Introduction Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical...
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Transcript of INTRODUCTION TO ENDODONTICS. Lecture Outline Introduction Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical...
![Page 1: INTRODUCTION TO ENDODONTICS. Lecture Outline Introduction Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical pathosis. Indications for Root canal treatment (RCT).](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5697bfad1a28abf838c9c118/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INTRODUCTION TO ENDODONTICS
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Lecture Outline Introduction Diagnosis of pulpal and
periapical pathosis. Indications for Root canal
treatment (RCT). Endodontic access Length determination Canal preparation Obturation Temporary and final
restoration
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Introduction
Endodontics: Is one of the dental specialty that deals with the tooth pulp and the tissues surrounding the root of a tooth.
Endodontists perform a variety of procedures including:• Root canal therapy• Endodontic retreatment• Surgery • Cracked tooth• Dental trauma
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Root canal treatment and retreatment
Surgery (apicectomy)
Trauma
Cracked toothEndodontist
Field
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Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical pathosis
1. Medical history
2. Dental history
3. Clinical examination
4. Diagnostic tests: A. Pulp tissue: Thermal (cold, hot) Electric pulp test Direct dentinal stimulation (cavity test)
B. Surrounding tissue and tooth structure:
Percussion Palpation Periodontal ligament Selective anesthesia test Transillumination
5. Radiographic examination
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Diagnosis of pulpal and periapical pathosis
4. Diagnostic tests:
A. Pulp tissue: Thermal (cold, hot) Electric pulp test Direct dentinal
stimulation (cavity test)
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Diagnosis of Pulpal and periapical pathosis
B. Surrounding tissue and tooth structure:
Percussion Palpation Periodontal
ligament Selective
anesthesia test Transillumination
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Indications for Root Canal Treatment
When pulp is irreversibly inflamed, or necrotic.
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Endodontic Access
The ideal endodontic access as follows:
Complete removal of chamber roof.
Remove coronal pulp.
Straight line access.
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Endodontic Access
• Maxillary Incisors Triangualr shaped access centrally between the incisal and cervical parts.
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Endodontic Access
• Maxillary canine Ovoid shape with broad buccolingually
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Endodontic Access
• Maxillary premolarsThe access is ovoidal shape and never round (2 canals)
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Endodontic Access
• Maxillary molarsTrapezoid shape (4 canals usually)
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Endodontic Access
• Mandibular incsorsAccess just below the incisal edge (2 canals in 40%)
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Endodontic Access
• Mandibular canineOvoidal shape extends buccolingually (occasionally 2 canals)
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Endodontic Access
• Mandibular premolarsOviod shape extends buccolingually (25% two canals)
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Endodontic Access
• Mandibular molars Triangular with the base of triangle mesially and apex distally (35% four canals)
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Length Determination
1. Radiography
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Length Determination
2. New technology:
Digital radiography
Electronic apex locator
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Canal Preparation
• Canal preparation techniques:
I. Standard techniqueII. Step back
techniqueIII. Step down
techniqueIV. Passive step back
techniqueV. Balanced force
technique
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Step back technique: Starting at the apex with the fine instrument and working one’s way back up the canal with progressively larger instrument.
Canal Preparation
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Obturation
• By using gutta-percha and endodontic sealer after drying the canal with paper point.
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Obturation Obturation techniques
1. Lateral condensation
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Obturation
• Obturation techniques:
2. Warm vertical condensation
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Obturation
• Obturation techniques:
3. Injection of thermoplasticized Gutta-percha
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Obturation
• Obturation techniques:
• Carrier based Gutta- Percha
Oven with thermafil obturator
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Temporary and final restoration
• Temporary and final restoration should be made to prevent micro leakage or bacterial entry from coronal restoration
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Thank You