Introduction to DB Management System

7/26/2019 Introduction to DB Management System

1/22

+

!"#"$"%& (")"*&+&)# ,-%#&+%.&/#01& 23 4)#1560/75) #5 !"#"$"%& 85)/&9#%

,":"+ ;#- @)*>)&&1>)* A&/


2/22

+Outline

! Define Database

! Define Database Management System (DBMS)

! DBMS Functionalities

! DBMS Components

! Database Terminology

! Structured Query Language (SQL)

! Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

! ERD Example

2


3/22

+What is a Database (DB) ?

!A database is a collection ofinformation that is organized so

that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.

! It typically contains aggregations of data records or files,

such as sales transactions, product catalogs and inventories,

and customer profiles.

! Typically, data within a database is organized in tables of

rows and columns

!A database manager provides users the capabilities of

controlling read/write access, specifying report generation,

and analyzing usage.

3


4/22

+What is Database? Cont.

! Database Management System (DBMS): software that

administers one or more Databases.

! Database Administrator (DBA): person or group that

manages the DBMS.

! Is MS-Access a Database or a DBMS ?

4


5/22

+Database Management

! Essential to success of information system

! DBMS functionalities:

!

Organize data! Store and retrieve data efficiently

! Manipulate data (update and delete)

! Enforce referential integrity and consistency

! Enforce and implement data security policies and procedures

!

Back up, recover, and restore data

5


6/22

+Database Management (continued)

! DBMS components include:

! Data

! Hardware

!

Software

! Networks

! Procedures

! Database servers

6


7/22

+Database Management (continued)

7


8/22

+

!

Relation = Table

! Tuples = Rows

! Cardinality = Number of Rows of a Relation

!

Degree = Number of Columns of a Relation

!Attribute = named column of a relation.

! Domain = set of allowable values for one or more attributes.

!

Relational Database = is a set of tables containing data fittedinto predefined categories.

! It was invented byE. F. Coddat IBM in 1970.

Introduction to DB - Terminology8


9/22

+Database Sample9

! The student named Cooke is in class number 10 in which

Chemistry 101 is being taught.


10/22

+

,#10/#01&6 D0&1- .")*0"*&

,D.


11/22

+

!

Is a special-purpose programming language used designedfor managing data held in the relational database

management systems (RDBMS).

! SQL examples: MySQL, SQLite for mobiles, Oracle SQL

!

It consists of:

! Data Definition Language (DDL): to create tables or

relations.

! Data Manipulation Language (DML): to select (read),

update, insert, or delete data in the database.

! Data Control Language (DCL): to control the access

(Authorization) to the database. It offers to grant or

revoke privileges from users of the database.

SQL11


12/22

+

!

Statements that are used to build and modify the structure ofyour tables and other objects in the database. When you

execute a DDL statement, it takes effect immediately.

DDL12


13/22

+

!

Statements that are used to work with the data in tables.

DML13


14/22

+

@)7#- E&:"75)%9 !>"*1"+

@E!


15/22

+

!

Is a chart that visually represents the relationship betweendatabase entities.

! ERDs model an organizations data storage requirements with

three main components: entities, attributes, and

relationships.

! There are 3 ingredients in a standard entity-relationship

diagram:

! Entities: which represent people, places, items, events, or

concepts.

!

Attributes: which represent properties or descriptive qualities

of an entity. These are also known as data elements.

! Relationships: which represent the link between different

entities.

ERD15


16/22

+ERD Cont.

16


17/22

+How to Draw ERD

!

Example:

A database which defines students, registered classes, and their

grades.

! Define entities:

Student Class Grades.

! Define attributes for each entity:

Student: Number Name Email address

Class: Number Name Term

Grades: Student Class Grades.

17


18/22

+How to Draw ERD Cont.

!

Example:

A database which defines students, registered classes, and their

grades.

! Define relationships:

A student can be registered in N number of classes.

A student can be registered once in a class.

A student can have one final grade per each class.

18


19/22


!

Define symbols:

19


20/22


20

Student Class

Number

Name

Email

Number

Name

Term

Grades

St. No.

Class No

Grade

Registers

has

Class student

grades


21/22


! Database Tables

21


22/22

+Thank you Questions?

22

Introduction to DB Management System

Documents

Transcript of Introduction to DB Management System