Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives Learn Basic Computer Terminology Differentiate Between...

31
Introduction to Introduction to Computers Computers

Transcript of Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives Learn Basic Computer Terminology Differentiate Between...

Page 1: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

Introduction to Introduction to ComputersComputers

Page 2: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

22

ObjectivesObjectives

Learn Basic Computer TerminologyLearn Basic Computer Terminology Differentiate Between Hardware and Differentiate Between Hardware and

SoftwareSoftware Understanding Computer ComponentsUnderstanding Computer Components

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 3: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

33

In the beginning…In the beginning…

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerComputer

Page 4: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

44

What is a computer?What is a computer? An electronic device, operating under the An electronic device, operating under the

control of instructions (software) stored in control of instructions (software) stored in its own memory unit, that can accept its own memory unit, that can accept data (input), manipulate data (process), data (input), manipulate data (process), and produce information (output) from and produce information (output) from the processing the processing

To describe a collection of devices that To describe a collection of devices that function together as a systemfunction together as a system

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 5: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

55

Different Types of Different Types of ComputersComputers

Desktop

Lap Top

Hand Held

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 6: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

66

Devices that comprise a Devices that comprise a computer systemcomputer system

Mouse (input)

Storage devices

(CD-RW, Floppy, Hard disk, zip,…)

Printer (output)

Monitor (output)

Speaker (output)

Scanner (input)

Keyboard (input)

“THE BOX”

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 7: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

77

Inside “THE BOX”…Inside “THE BOX”…

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 8: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

88

MotherboardMotherboard

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

This is where most of the electronics is located

Page 9: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

99

Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU)(CPU)

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 10: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1010

Brains of a computerBrains of a computer Contains electronic circuits that cause Contains electronic circuits that cause

processing to occurprocessing to occur Interprets instructions to the computer, Interprets instructions to the computer,

performs the logical and arithmetic performs the logical and arithmetic processing operations, and causes the input processing operations, and causes the input and output operations to occurand output operations to occur

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 11: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1111

Modem (Modulator Modem (Modulator Demodulator)Demodulator)

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Use for internet access with phone line

Page 12: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1212

Audio CardAudio Card

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

This is the voice of your system

Page 13: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1313

Network CardNetwork Card

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Used to connect to high speed internet access e.g. Cable or DSL lines

Page 14: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1414

Single Inline Memory Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM)Module (SIMM)

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerComputer

Page 15: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1515

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 16: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1616

Hard Disk DriveHard Disk Drive

Computers main, long term storage.Computers main, long term storage. It is referred to as non-volatile storage, because it It is referred to as non-volatile storage, because it

does not disappear when the power is turned off.does not disappear when the power is turned off. The size of the Hard Drive is measured in Gigabytes. The size of the Hard Drive is measured in Gigabytes.

(Billions of Bytes).(Billions of Bytes).

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 17: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1717

Power SupplyPower Supply

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

250 – 500 Watts This is the power source that makes everything

go

Page 18: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1818

What Does A Computer Do?What Does A Computer Do?

Computers can perform four general Computers can perform four general operations, which comprise the operations, which comprise the information processing cycle.information processing cycle.

InputInput ProcessProcess OutputOutput StorageStorage

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 19: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

1919

Computer ToolsComputer Tools

Two kinds:Two kinds: HardwareHardware

Physical parts to computer (can be touched)Physical parts to computer (can be touched)

SoftwareSoftware The programs that are on the disksThe programs that are on the disks

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 20: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2020

Examples of HardwareExamples of Hardware

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 21: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2121

Computer StorageComputer Storage

Two main types:Two main types: MemoryMemory Data StorageData Storage

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 22: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2222

Random Access Memory Random Access Memory (RAM)(RAM)

RAMRAM is the memory used by the computer to is the memory used by the computer to run programs.run programs.

The amount of RAM available will run and The amount of RAM available will run and how many windows can be open at one how many windows can be open at one time.time.

Volatile Volatile Disappears is turned offDisappears is turned off

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 23: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2323

Data StorageData Storage

Information stored away for use later on Information stored away for use later on (like food in the refrigerator)(like food in the refrigerator)

Usually long-term (safer)Usually long-term (safer) May be stored on disks, CDs. DVDs, or flash May be stored on disks, CDs. DVDs, or flash

drives drives

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 24: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2424

Measuring InformationMeasuring Information

BytesBytes One character takes up about one One character takes up about one ByteByte.. An email takes up a few (thousand bytes) An email takes up a few (thousand bytes)

KilobytesKilobytes (thousands of bytes) (thousands of bytes) A picture may take up A picture may take up Megabytes Megabytes (millions (millions

of bytes)of bytes) All the information on a computer may run All the information on a computer may run

into into Gigabytes Gigabytes (billions of bytes)(billions of bytes)

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 25: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2525

Storage ExamplesStorage Examples

Email, about a thousand characters Picture of granddaughter, about half a megabyte

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerComputer

Page 26: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2626

Floppy DiskFloppy Disk

Portable, inexpensive storage medium that Portable, inexpensive storage medium that consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic disk consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic disk with a magnetic coating enclosed in a square-with a magnetic coating enclosed in a square-shaped plastic shellshaped plastic shell

Main disk used for library usersMain disk used for library users Holds 1.44 MegabytesHolds 1.44 Megabytes

1,440,000 Bytes1,440,000 Bytes

Feels hardFeels hard Floppy part inside coverFloppy part inside cover

Almost obsoleteAlmost obsolete

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 27: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2727

Zip DiskZip Disk

Similar to floppySimilar to floppy Thicker formThicker form Holds more informationHolds more information Available on some library computersAvailable on some library computers Also becoming obsoleteAlso becoming obsolete

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerComputer

Page 28: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2828

Compact DisksCompact Disks

Also called an optical disc, is a flat round, portable Also called an optical disc, is a flat round, portable storage medium that is usually 4.75 inch in diameter. storage medium that is usually 4.75 inch in diameter.

A CD-ROM (read only memory)A CD-ROM (read only memory)Used the same laser technology as audio CDs Used the same laser technology as audio CDs

for recording music. for recording music. Can contain other types of data such as text, Can contain other types of data such as text,

graphics, and video.graphics, and video.The capacity is 650 MB of data.The capacity is 650 MB of data.

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 29: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

2929

DVDDVD

Replacing CD-ROMReplacing CD-ROM Holds much larger amount of Holds much larger amount of

information (such as movie)information (such as movie) Also does not work on library Also does not work on library

computerscomputers

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 30: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

3030

Flash DriveFlash Drive

Most recent widely used storage systemMost recent widely used storage system Very portable, often worn like jewelryVery portable, often worn like jewelry 128-512 Megabytes most common sizes128-512 Megabytes most common sizes

Chapter 1 - Introduction to ComputerChapter 1 - Introduction to Computer

Page 31: Introduction to Computers. 2 Objectives  Learn Basic Computer Terminology  Differentiate Between Hardware and Software  Understanding Computer Components.

TIME FOR A STRETCH BREAKTIME FOR A STRETCH BREAK