Ma#er: Atoms, Elements, Molecules, and Compounds

Ma#er: Deni,on Ma#er both

1) occupies space and 2) has mass.

Ma#er: Comprised of Atoms From the Greek atomos, which means indivisible

Most elements are unstable and react. Only a few elements exist commonly in nature as independent single atoms

Ex) Helium, Neon, Argon

Gold is an element Dividing a gold coin into smaller and smaller pieces might eventually yield a single gold atom If we divide that single atom, it will no longer be gold!

Elements of the Periodic Table

A few more have been added here recently (see link)

Molecules and Compounds Atoms combine to form molecules

Case 2: Two of more dierent types of atoms N2O is a molecule and a compound

Case 1: Two or more iden)cal atoms

N is an atom and an element

N2 is a molecule and an element

Atom, Molecule, Compound, or Element ?

Ag

H2O

C60 F2 C9H8O4

Atom, Element

Molecule, Compound Molecule, Element

Examples

Classifying Ma#er

Phases of Ma#er

Solid Liquid Gas

Ma#er: Basic Informa,on You need to be able to recall (memorize) the following facts:

Element names and symbols

Lightest 36 Elements (Atomic Numbers 1-36)

Halogens (Group 7A) Noble Gases (Group 8A)

Select Metals: Sn, Ag, Au, Ru, Hg, Pb, Ba, Pt, Pd, U.

The elements that exist as diatomic molecules: The gens: hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O)

& the halogens: F, Cl, Br, I

Ma#er: Basic Informa,on

Your new favorite rock band: HON and the Halogens

Other Basic Informa,on You need to recall (or memorize) the following: Greek Alphabet symbols as they arise

Ex) , , , SI Units and Prefixes Ex) mega-, kilo-, nano-, micro-, milli-, centi-

m (length), s (time), kg (mass), J (energy), N (force), C (charge)

Changes in Ma#er Physical Changes alter the state or appearance of the ma#er without altering the composiTon

Chemical Changes alter the composi)on of the ma#er During the chemical change, the atoms that are

present rearrange into new molecules, but all of the original atoms are sTll present.

Conserva,on of Ma#er!

Summary: Ma#er Ma#er has mass and occupies volume All ma#er is made from atoms and molecules Ma#er can: change phase react with other ma#er

Credits Periodic table with element names was drawn by Kay Sandberg. Ma#er images are from Tros Introductory Chemistry: Essen=als, Pearson PrenTce Hall. DemonstraTons coordinated by Dr. Kenneth Lyle; lming provided by Duke Media Services.