Introduction to Cells
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Introduction to Cells Essential Questions: What defines a cell? What are the types of cells? Who helped in the discovery of cells?
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Introduction to Cells. Essential Questions: What defines a cell? What are the types of cells? Who helped in the discovery of cells?. From evolution (of everything)… to the evolution of YOUR BODY!. How do our bodies grow a nd function day to day? How do our bodies get the energy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Introduction to Cells
Introduction to Cells
Essential Questions:What defines a cell?
What are the types of cells?Who helped in the discovery of cells?
From evolution (of everything)…to the evolution ofYOUR BODY!
What do you think?Body Mind Map•Sketch out and label a map of the path that our food takes through our body.•Make notes on the side explaining how you think everything moves, what cells and organs might be involved, and what is going on at each step.
How do our bodies grow and function day to day?
How do our bodies get the energy we need to function?
Cells
Cells!
It all starts with…
Cells
Cells!
Can you guess what kinds of cells these are?
Cells
Cells!
RAGWEED POLLEN (hay fever!)
RED BLOOD CELLS
HUMAN SKIN CELLSSPERM TRYING TO FERTILIZE AN EGG
NEURONWHITE BLOOD CELL
HUMAN HAIR INSIDE INNER EAR
ONION SKIN
Scale atoms molecules organelles cells
tissues organs organ systems organism
The Discovery of the CellCells are tiny!
So how do you think they were first discovered?
Cells are tiny!So tiny, we can’t see most of them with our naked eye…
we need a microscope!
• Compound Light Microscope: allows light to pass through a specimen and magnifies the image with lenses
Cells are tiny!So tiny, we can’t see most of them with our naked eye…
we need a microscope!
• Electron microscope: Uses beams of electrons to produce 3-D images!
Cell Theory
1. All living things are composed of cells
2. Cells are the basic living units of all organisms
3. New cells are produced from existing cells
Cell Theory
ABE
ll living things are composed of cells.
asic living units of all organisms.
xisting cells produce new cells.
The Discovery of the Cell
Scientists stand on the shoulders of giants
We build off of each other’s work!
The Discovery of the CellFirst up…1. Anton van Leeuenhoek (1600’s)• Developed the first microscope • Observed life in pond water• Did a little of his own research
2. Robert Hooke (1665)• First to see and identify cork cells• Coined the term “cells” because the they looked like the rooms,
or cells, of a monastery
The giant grows taller…next up,3. Rene Dutrochet (1820’s)
4. Robert Brown (1883)
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Discovered the cell nucleus!Was able to see the nucleus due to
advancements in microscope technology.
Discovered the process of osmosis! (we will go into this
later!)
The giant grows taller…next up,5. Theodore Schwann (1839)
6. Matthias Schleiden (1838)
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7. Rudolf Virchow (1855)
All cells come from other cells!
All plants are made up of cells!
…just Schleiden’ on some grass
You Schwanna know about cells?
All animals are made up of cells!
The giant grows taller…next up,
8. Lynn Margulis (1966)
Endosymbiotic Theory
There are TWO types of cells!
1. Prokaryotic – “Pro” = BEFORE a nucleus2. Eukaryotic – “Eu” = TRUE nucleus
All Cells…
1. Are surrounded by a barrier called a cell membrane
2. Have genetic information (DNA)
3. Have cytoplasm
Prokaryotes
• No nucleus but there IS DNA!!– The DNA is usually one circular chromosome.– Nuclear body is called ‘nucleoid’
• No membrane-bound organelles.• Usually exist as unicellular organisms.• Have flagella • Have pilli to help stick to each other.
Pili DNARibosomes
FlagellumCell wall Plasma
Membrane
