Introduction to Cells
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Transcript of Introduction to Cells
Quizlet
1. Cell- basic unit of life
2. Cell membrane- thin flexible barrier that separates the cell from its environment
3. Cell theory- theory that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and new cells come from previously existing cells
4. eukaryote- cell with DNA that is enclosed in a nucleus
5. nucleus- cell structure that contains genetic material
6. prokaryote- cell with DNA not enclosed in a nucleus
What is a cell?
Cells are the basic unit of all life.
Cells are full of working parts called organelles, that perform their own jobs.
Cells are the smallest unit in any organism.
Cell Theory
The Cell Theory is an important concept in Biology. It states:
1. All living things are made up of cells
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
3. New cells come from existing cells.
Living organisms can be made up of one cell or millions of cells.
• Unicellular- organisms that consist of only one cell.
• Multicellular- organisms that consist of many cells
Examples of Unicellular Organisms
Bacteria: E. Coli are a mostly friendly bacteria that live in the intestines of humans.
Amoeba:
A Pond water predator that eats other unicellular organisms.
Examples of Multicellular Organisms
Animals: Mammals, Fish, Reptiles
Plants: Flowers, Grasses, Trees
Cell Types
There are two broad cell type categories:
1. Prokaryotic- cells that do not enclose DNA in a nucleus.
2. Eukaryotic- cells that enclose DNA in a nucleus.
Prokaryotic Cells
First cell type on earth
No membrane bound nucleus
Prokaryotic Cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.
Nucleoid = region of DNA concentration
Organelles not bound by membranes
Example of Prokaryotic Cell: Bacteria
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells are larger and more complex than Prokaryotic Cells.
Nucleus bound by membrane
Possess many organelles.
Types of Eukaryotic Cells: Animal and Plant Cells