Introduction to Animal Science

SCIENCE

a process through which nature is STUDIED, DISCOVERED, and UNDERSTOOD.

Animal Science

The PROCESS through which LIVESTOCK ANIMALS are STUDIED and UNDERSTOOD.

Animal Science Involves BREEDING, feeding, care

and MANAGEMENT of animals; MARKETING and PROCESSING of animals and their PRODUCTS based on knowledge gained through practical EXPERIENCE and RESEARCH.

Domestication

To adapt an animal for human use

Five requirements for domestication 1.The animal is VALUED and there are

clear PURPOSES for which it is kept. 2.The animal’s BREEDING is subject to

human control. 3.The animal’s SURVIVAL depends

upon humans.

Five requirements for domestication 4.The animal’s BEHAVIOR

(psychology) is changed in domestication.

5.Morphological (STRUCTURAL) characteristics have appeared which occur rarely if at all in the wild.

Wild animal

not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans

Example

Tame wild animal

a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans.

Example

Exotic animal

a wild animal belonging to a species whose historic native range lies totally outside NORTH AMERICA

Example

Domestic animal

an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION

Example

Feral animal

a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance

Example

Feral population

a REPRODUCING group of FERAL animals

Example

Species

a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring

Example

Breed

animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES

Example

Type

animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce

Example

Functions of Livestock

Food Clothing Power Recreation

Food

Meat Eggs Milk Honey

Clothing

Wool Leather Hair/Fur Feathers

Power

Horses Mules, Donkeys, Burros Llamas, Alpacas Oxen, Water buffalo, reindeer, yak,

camels

Recreation

Pleasure Horses Purebred Herds and Flocks Livestock Exhibitions, Shows, Rodeos Horse Racing

Mainstream Domestic Animals

Dairy Cattle Beef Cattle Sheep (Wool, Meat, Dairy) Swine Goats (Mohair, Milk, Meat, Cashmere) Horses, Mules, Donkeys, etc Poultry

Non-Traditional Domestic Animals Ostrich & Emu Deer and Elk Bison Aquaculture Llamas and Alpacas Alligators Rare Breeds of Domestic Animals

Top States in Beef Production

1. Texas 2. Kansas 3. Nebraska 4. Oklahoma 5. California Utah’s Rank 28th

Top States in Dairy Production

1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Pennsylvania 5. Michigan Utah’s Rank 25th

Top States in Sheep Production

1. Texas 2. California 3. Wyoming 4. Colorado 5. South Dakota Utah’s Rank 7th

Top States in Goat Production

1. Texas 2. New Mexico 3. Arizona 4. Oklahoma 5. California Utah’s Rank ?

Top States in Swine Production

1. Iowa 2. North Carolina 3. Michigan 4. Illinois 5. Indiana Utah’s Rank 20th

Top States in Layers Production

1. California 2. Ohio 3. Indiana 4. Pennsylvania 5. Iowa Utah’s Rank 33rd

Top States in Broiler Production

1. Arkansas 2. Georgia 3. Alabama 4. North Carolina 5. Mississippi Utah’s Rank ??

Top States in Turkey Production

1. North Carolina 2. Minnesota 3. Arkansas 4. Missouri 5. California Utah’s Rank 14th

Number of Farms and Ranches

1. Texas 2. Missouri 3. Iowa 4. Kentucky 5. Minnesota Utah’s Rank 36th

Land in Farms and Ranches

1. Texas 2. Montana 3. Kansas 4. Nebraska 5. New Mexico Utah’s Rank 28th

Utah’s Rank in Other Areas

Mink Production 2nd Trout Production 6th Honey Production 24th