Introduction The importance of biofertilizer as a component of integrated Nutrient Management (INM)...

Introduction

The importance of biofertilizer as a component of integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is viewed as sustainable crop production system, not only on yield maximization but also for the agro-system stability. In this RLO , types of biofertilizers, importance and methods of their application are described.

Modern agriculture utilizes more and more synthetic fertilizers. Excessive use directly or indirectly causes soil ill health and declines crop productivity.

Biofertilizers use in Banana

Importance of Biofertilizer

Cont.


• Natural organic fertilizer.

• Increases the quality of the soil.

• Reduces toxicity of soil, water, food, animals and even people.

Action of Biofertilizers

Cont.


Biofertilizers contains a wide range of naturally chelated

plant nutrients like

Trace elements

Carbohydrates

Amino acids

Growth promoting substances.

Soil conditioner stimulating microbial activities resulting

in improved air-water relationships and soil fertility.

Uses of Biofertilizers


Organic farming increases yield, quality and the shelf-life of produces.

Resistance to environmental stresses and pest and disease problems.

Foliar applications can increase the

• Health

• Vigor

• Yield

Bio fertilizers are eco-friendly and can be used generously to promote

healthy crops.

The quality of the soil is improved.

Types of Biofertilizers


Nitrogen • Rhizobium for legume crops

• Azotobacter/ Azospirillum for non legume crops

• Acetobacter for sugarcane

• BGA and Azolla for low land paddy.

Phosphorous solubilizing bacteria (PSB)


Phosphorous

• Phosphobacteria for all

crops to be applied with

Rhizobium,

• Azotobacter, Azospirillum

and Acetobacter



Enriched compost

• Cellulolytic fungal

culture

• Phosphobacteria and

Azotobacter culture


Vesicular Arbuscular Endomycorrhiza (VAM)

Cont.


Mycorrhizae is the symbiotic association between

plant roots and soil fungus.

Vesicular Arbiscular Mycorrhizae (VAM) plays a

great role in inducing plant growth.

Makes resistance to environmental stresses.


AM increase the resistance to root borne or soil borne

pathogens and Nematodes.

Enhanced colonization of beneficial soil organisms like

Azotobacter

Azospirillum

Rhizobium

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria.

Vesicular Arbuscular Endomycorrhiza (VAM)

Recommendation of biofertilizers to Banana

Product Name Mixing proportion Reason of application

Cost / acre

Azosfer

Phosphofer

Kmofer

Dermacon V Pseudocon

Prepare a solution of1ml of Azosfer, Phosphofer, Kmofer, Pseudocon & Dermacon V (each) in 1litre of water and Drench the soil around each plant with 1 litre of this solution. (1000 lits of solution needed per acre)

• To improve the soil with beneficial microbes, for converting to 100% organic practices

• To make the plant disease resistant.

Rs.600/-

Rs.600/-

Rs.600/-

Rs.900/-

Rs.900/-

Cont.

1. For Sucker Treatment



Cost / acre

Azosfer

Phosphofer

Kmofer

Dermacon V

Pseudocon

Prepare a solution of

1ml of Azosfer,

Phosphofer, Kmofer,

Pseudocon &

Dermacon V (each)

in 1litre of water and

drench the soil

around each plant

with 1 litre of this

solution.

(1000 litres of solution

needed per acre)

• To improve the soil with beneficial microbes, for converting to 100% organic practices

• To make the plant disease resistant.

Rs.600/-

Rs.600/-

Rs.600/-

Rs.900/-

Rs.900/-

Cont.

2. Basal Application (0-45 days from the date of planting)



Cost / acre

Pseudocon Prepare a solution of 2ml of Pseudocon in 1 litre of water and spray the solution over the entire plant. (100 litres of solution needed per acre)

• To prevent fungal and bacterial diseases

• To make the plant growth.

Rs.190/-

3. Foliar Application (60-75 days from the date of planting)


Methods of Application

Cont.


Soil application

Mix 4 k g each of biofertilizers in 200 kg of compost and leave

it overnight.

200 g per sq. m in seed/nursery bed.

2 g per seedling in the Nursery stage.

5 g per seedling at the time of planting.

10-15 g per garden tree and fruit tree respectively.


100-200 g per plant of grown tree species.

3-5 kg/acre of VAM can be applied in 2-3 cm depth.

Mix 4 kg each of biofertilizers in 200 kg of compost and leave

it overnight.

Apply this mixture in the soil at the time of sowing or planting.

In plantation crops apply this mixture near root zone and cover

with soil.

Methods of Application

Sucker Treatment


Suspend 200 g N Biofertilizer and 200 g Phosphobacteria in 300-400 ml of water and mix thoroughly.

Mix this paste with 10 kg seeds & dry in shade.

Sow immediately.

Dip the roots of seedlings in this suspension for 30-40 min

before transplanting.

Sucker treatment


Precautions


Store the biofertilizer packets in cool and dry place away from direct sunlight and heat.

Use right combination of biofertilizers.

Rhizobium is crop specific, so use in specified crop.

Do not mix with chemicals.

Let us Sum Up


Use of chemical fertilizer leads to cause of soil deterioration and water pollution.

In view of the disadvantages associated with the use of chemical fertilizers, it is important to use alternative sources, which are environment friendly.

Biofertilzers, most of which are nitrogen fixing microorganisms, are considered to be suitable alternative source of plant nutrition.

Farmers can adopt this technology to improve the land resources and save natural environment.

Introduction The importance of biofertilizer as a component of integrated Nutrient Management (INM)...

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