Introduction Richard L. Gelula Chief Executive Officer National Sleep Foundation.
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Transcript of Introduction Richard L. Gelula Chief Executive Officer National Sleep Foundation.
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Introduction
Richard L. GelulaChief Executive Officer
National Sleep Foundation
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2007 Sleep In America Poll
• National Sleep Foundation’s 10th annual survey of America’s sleep habits
• Past NSF polls have covered a wide array of topics:– General adults, 18 and over – most years– Older adults, 55-85 – 2003 – Infants, toddlers and young school children to
age 10 – 2004 – Adolescents, 11-17 year olds – 2006
• This year’s poll focuses on Women and Sleep
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2007 Sleep In America Poll
• Polls are conducted independently by NSF• 2007 Task Force of experts:
– Kathryn Lee, RN, PhD, Professor of Family Health Care Nursing and the James and Marjorie Livingston Chair School of Nursing, UCSF
– Meir Kryger, MD, Director of Research & Education, Gaylord Sleep Center, Gaylord Hospital, Wallingford, CT
– Fiona Baker, PhD, Sleep Physiologist at the Human Sleep Research Laboratory at SRI International, Menlo Park, CA
– Amy Wolfson, PhD, Professor of Psychology at the College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, PA
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Scientific Workshop on Women & Sleep
• Presented by NSF and the Atlanta School of Sleep Medicine
• Top researchers in the fields of sleep, circadian rhythms, women’s health and women’s studies examine how sleep affects women in all aspects of their lives
• Today is the last day of the workshop, just down the hall…
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National Sleep Awareness Week (NSAW)
• NSAW is opportunity for communities and organizations to generate awareness about the importance of sleep
• NSAW is supported by:– More than 700 members of our Community
Sleep Awareness Partners program,– 100 state and federal agencies, and
health, education and safety organizations
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NSAW
This year’s Sleep Awareness Partners and Co-Partners include:– Partner: Center for Disease Control
and Prevention– Co-Partners:
• American Academy of Sleep Medicine• American College of Chest Physicians• International Life Sciences Institute• American Sleep Apnea Association
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NSAW
This year’s Sleep Awareness Week co-sponsors include:– 12on12off Foundation – American College of Chest Physicians– American Lung Association– Committee of Interns and Residents/SEIU– Federal Aviation Administration– Michigan Office of Highway Safety and Planning– National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health– National Organizations for Youth Safety – National Women’s Health Resource Center – Transportation Safety Division, Oregon DOT– U.S. Coast Guard– Yavapai Prescott Indian Tribe
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2007 Sleep In America Poll
The National Sleep Foundation’s 2007 Sleep in America poll is independent of NSAW sponsorship
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Methodology
Kathryn Lee, RN, PhDProfessor of Family Health Care Nursing and
the James and Marjorie Livingston Chair School of Nursing
University of California, San Francisco, CA
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• Telephone survey of 1,003 American women aged 18 - 64 living in the continental US
• Oversampled pregnant and post partum women
• 25-minute survey was administered• Sample is representative of the telephone
households in the USA• Data collected between 9/12/06 and 10/28/06• Margin of error: plus or minus 3% at the 95%
confidence level
Methodology
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• Determine the sleep habits of women• Investigate how women’s sleep is
affected during different reproductive stages
• Examine how women’s multiple roles affect their sleep
• Identify how often women experience various sleep problems
Primary Poll Objectives
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Women & Sleep:Key Findings Overall
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2007 Poll Roadmap
The 2007 Sleep in America Poll findings:
• Sleep among women overall• The effect of women’s biology
on sleep• The effect of women’s lifestyle
on sleep
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Topline Findings…American women are…• Not sleeping well which affects all
aspects of their life • Struggling to “do it all” and as a
result sacrifice sleep• Using many coping strategies to
sustain the pace of daily life• Impacted by biological and lifestyle
factors affecting their sleep
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39% 32%
14% 11%4% <1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Everynight/Almostevery night
A few nights aweek
A few nights amonth
Rarely Never Don't know
Number of Nights Women Can Say "I Had a Good Night's Sleep"
60%
Women Are Not Getting the Sleep They Need60% say they only get a good night’s sleep a few nights per week or less
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46%
21%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Every night/Almost everynight
A few nights a week
Frequency of Experiencing Sleep Problems in Past Month
Why Are Women Not Getting the Sleep They Need?
67%
67% experience sleep problems at least a few nights each week, with 46% experiencing sleep problems every night
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Why Are Women Not Getting the Sleep They Need?
Biological changes impact sleep• Hormonal changes throughout the lifespan
impact women’s ability to get a good night’s sleep– 24% of women of childbearing age report getting
a good night’s sleep a few nights a month or less– 40% of pregnant and 55% of post partum women
report getting a good night’s sleep a few nights a month or less
– 25% of perimenopausal women and 30% of post menopausal women report getting a good night’s sleep a few nights a month or less
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Why Are Women Not Getting the Sleep They Need?
Lifestyle impacts sleep• Working mothers (72%) and single
working women (68%) are more likely to experience sleep problems like insomnia
Other factors that wake women up
• Noise (39%)• Giving care to children (20%)• Pets (17%)
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Why Are Women Not Getting the Sleep They Need?
• Women who allow kids (9%) or pets (14%) to share their bed have the most disturbed sleep
• 47% of women say they have no one helping them care for children at night
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Consequences of Poor Sleep
Women who experience daytime sleepiness:
• Experience high stress (80%)• Spend less time with friends/family (39%)• Are too tired for sex (33%)• Drive drowsy at least once per month (27%)• In the past month, were late for work (20%)
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Consequences of Poor Sleep
Poor sleep and poor mood are intertwined
• Poor sleep can worsen mood – Approximately 80% of women report being
stressed out, anxious or worried– 55% state they have been unhappy, sad,
and depressed in the last month
• Mood can in turn worsen sleep and lead to heightened depression and anxiety
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Consequences of Poor Sleep• Symptoms of poor sleep are associated
with negative moods • Women who experience negative moods
a lot are 2 ½ times more likely to infrequently get a good night’s sleep and more prone to:
• Experience daytime sleepiness at least a few days per week (3 times more likely)
• Experience a sleep problem at least a few nights per week (1 ½ times more likely)
• Drive drowsy at least once per month (2 times more likely)
• Miss work due to sleepiness in the past month (5 times more likely)
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How Women Cope with Poor Sleep…
• 80% accept daytime sleepiness and keep going
• 65% drink caffeinated beverages – Of those, 37% drink 3 or more
caffeinated beverages a day
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87%
60%51%
37%
21%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Watched TV Completedhousehold chores
Read Did activities withchildren
Did work relating tojob
Although Consistently Tired, Women Do Not Go to Bed Earlier
In the hour prior to bed they:
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3%
5%
12%
15%
29%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Eye mask/Earplugs
Alcohol, beer or wine
Net: OTC
Net: Prescription
Net: Any
Frequency of Using Sleep Aids(At least a few nights a week)
Combination sleep aid and pain reliever9%OTC or store-bought sleep aids 6%Alternative therapy or herbal supplements2%
Anti-depressants prescribed by a doctor12%Sleep medication prescribed by a doctor8%
How Women Cope with Poor Sleep…
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Compromise: Choices WomenMake
When women are tired or run out of time during the day…
• Healthy lifestyle activities are sacrificed – Forego sleep (52%) and exercise (48%)– Reduce time spent with family and friends (39%)– Stop healthy eating (37%) – Don’t participate in sexual activity (33%)
• Work remains a priority– Only 20% of women put work on the “back burner”
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Sleep & Women’s Biology
Meir Kryger, MDDirector of Research & Education
Gaylord Sleep CenterGaylord HospitalWallingford, CT
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Sleep & Women’s Biology
• Women experience more sleep problems than men
• A woman’s overall health affects her ability to sleep well
• As women progress through different life stages, changing biology affects their ability to get a good night’s sleep
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Sleep and Health
• Poor health is linked to sleep problems • Of women who are in fair to poor
health:– 66% experience a symptom of a sleep
disorder at least a few nights per week– 40% diagnosed with a sleep disorder– 46% experience daytime sleepiness a few
days per week– 26% have missed work in the past month– 54% use a sleep aid a few nights per week
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Different Life Stages
• Respondents were asked about the quality and quantity of their sleep during 5 reproductive stages– Women of Childbearing Age– Pregnancy– Post Partum – Perimenopausal – Postmenopausal
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Women of Childbearing Age
• 67% experience insomnia a few nights per week
• 34% report experiencing a sleep disorder such as snoring, sleep apnea or RLS
• 33% say their sleep is disturbed during the week of their menstrual cycle
• 16% have missed work during the past month due to a sleep problem
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Pregnant Women
• 30% say they rarely or never get a good night’s sleep
• 84% have insomnia at least a few nights each week
• 40% report sleep disorders such as snoring, sleep apnea or RLS
• 54% nap at least twice per week
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Post Partum Women
This is the first national sleep survey of post partum women.
• Post partum women have insomnia at the same rate as pregnant women (84%)
• 42% say they rarely/never get a good night’s sleep, more than any other group
• 47% report no one helping with kids• 20% have driven drowsy with kids• 19% experience post partum
blues/depression
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Perimenopausal Women
• 59% have insomnia a few nights per week
• 43% report symptoms of a sleep disorder such as snoring, sleep apnea or RLS
• Noise (36%) and co-sleeping with pets (20%) are the most common nighttime disturbances
• 20% experience night sweats and hot flashes
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Postmenopausal Women
• Have the highest incidence of:– Limited time in bed - less than 6 hours
(14%) – Sleep disorders such as snoring or sleep
apnea (42%) – RLS (22%) – Sleep aid use (41%) – Obesity (30%)
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Sleep & A Woman’s Lifestyle
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Lifestyle and Sleep
• Sleep is greatly impacted by lifestyle
• 2007 NSF Sleep in America poll examined sleep among 6 segments of women– Working, Single Women– DINKs and Empty Nesters– Stay-at-Home Moms– Part-time Working Moms– Briefcases with Backpacks– 50-somethings
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Working, Single Women
• Spend the least time in bed, generally less than 6 hours
• 54% wake up un-refreshed a few days each week
– 70% accept this and keep going• 47% consume more than 3 cups/cans of
caffeinated beverages per day• Nearly 30% use the weekends to “catch up” on
sleep
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DINKs & Empty Nesters
Working married/partnered women with no children or grown children get better sleep than most groups - despite being in bed less than 7 hours per night• Low incidence of sleep problems (15%)• Yet, healthy lifestyle choices are still
compromised because women are tired or run out of time 46% report having no time for sleep 47% sacrifice exercise 38% don’t participate in sexual activity
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Stay-at-Home Moms
• 74% rarely get a good night’s sleep • Despite this, 61% say they spend over
8 hours in bed each night• In the hour before bed, 71%
complete household chores and activities with kids– 57% nap at least once per week– 43% curtail leisure activities– 39% forego sexual activity
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Part-time Working Moms
• Report getting the best sleep of all the groups
• 50% say they are in bed for over 8 hours per night– 68% accept the day’s
challenges and keep going– Napping is frequent; 60% take
a nap at least once per week
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Briefcases with Backpacks
• Married/partnered women with school-aged kids, who work full time
• Spend less than 6 hours in bed per night• 72% have insomnia • 70% accept sleepiness and keep going
– 56% use caffeine
• Highest rate of drowsy driving (35%)• Lifestyle compromises are high
– 60% give up sleep and exercise– 52% do not socialize regularly with family and
friends– 44% do not have time for sex
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50-somethings
• Are not employed, no children at home• Have highest frequency of sleep
disorders• Highest sleep aid usage (41%)• 32% say they get a good night’s sleep
only a few nights per month– Spend over 8 hours in bed per
night and frequently nap
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NSF 2007 Poll Overview
American women are…• Not sleeping well which affects all
aspects of their life • Struggling to “do it all” and as a
result sacrifice sleep• Using many coping strategies to
sustain the pace of daily life• Impacted by biological and lifestyle
factors affecting their sleep
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What Women Can Do?
• Make healthy sleep a priority!• Make time to get 7-9 hours of sleep each
night • Create a relaxing and quiet environment
for sleep • Exercise regularly (not less than 3 hours
before bed time) and eat healthy• Avoid caffeine and alcohol a few hours
before bed• If you have a new infant, arrange for
help
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NSF Great American Sleep Challenge• A nationwide, online interactive
campaign designed to focus America’s attention on getting better sleep
• Visit www.sleepfoundation.org to sign up
• There is still time! Sleep Challenge continues through March 31st
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