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Introduction to OpenstackRanjith Kumar N

Principle Software EngineerEMC

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Private clouds are built on infrastructure components that are dedicated to only one consumer. This provides the ability to offer specific service levels and guarantee resource availability for specific uses.

Public cloud model, an external provider manages the (shared)infrastructure. The consumer is only responsible for deploying services within the environment.

Hybrid cloud is a combination of the Private and Public models. In a Hybrid environment, one or more Private clouds is logically connected with one or more Public clouds. This provides flexibility to have critical systems operating on dedicated hardware, while other services can run on shared infrastructure

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Service delivery models Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Here consumer is able to provision compute, storage, network, and other fundamental computing resources on which they can run software, including an operating system and applications. The consumer does not manage the physical infrastructure but is able to allocate portions of it for their use.

Example: OpenStack framework

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Platform as a Service (PaaS):Consumer is provided with a preconfigured development environment used to create, test, and deploy supported applications on a cloud infrastructure. The development environment may have certain applications or tools installed that provide a consistent repeatable environment to perform tasks.

Example : Pivotal Cloud Foundry, Windows Azure, Google App Engine, and Red Hat OpenShift.

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Software as a Service (SaaS):Here consumer is provided with an application instance on a cloud infrastructure. The consumer has no access to any underlying infrastructure. Once the application is established, users access it and the associated data using a thin client, such as a web browser. Example : Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Management Information Systems (MIS), human resource management, and content management.

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OpenStack is both a development project and a cloud computing framework that can be used for both Private and Public cloud infrastructures.

It is a collection of interrelated components that enable cloud computing. The components include: REST APIs, services, drivers, and plug-ins written in Python that reside above the virtualization and hardware layers of a data center.

Many of the components aggregate similar resources into pools and provide a single abstracted interface for managing the underlying resources, such as Compute, Network, and Storage. This eliminates the need for users to perform management functions at the virtualization or hardware layers.

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Openstack components Compute Project (Nova): Provisions virtual machine instances • Network Project (Quantum/Neutron): Manages network infrastructure • Object Storage Project (Swift): Distributed storage system for static data • Block Storage Project (Cinder): Provides block level storage for compute

instances • Image Service Project (Glance): Catalogs and manages server images • Identity Management Project (Key Stone): Common authentication

system for all components • Metering Project (Ceilometer): Provides an infrastructure for

measurement collection • Orchestration Project (Heat): Orchestration service providing an Amazon

Web Services (AWS) CloudFormation format • Dashboard Project (Horizon): Provides a graphical user interface for

cloud management

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The OpenStack Compute Project is a collection of APIs, operating system layer services, and plug-ins that provision and manage virtual machine instances and control the underlying compute resources.

The operating system layer services are distributed throughout the cloud environment and perform various functions, such as determining virtual machine instance placement, tracking instance state, and enforcing quotas.

OpenStack Compute is not a virtualization application. Through plug-ins, it supports deploying virtual machine instances on multiple hypervisors, such as XenServer, KVM, ESXI, and directly on bare-metal hardware.

OpenStack Compute provides APIs to both users and administrators for management functions.

Compute uses API calls to other OpenStack services for network connectivity, storage, authentication, and other requirements

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The OpenStack Network Project is a framework of distributed operating system layer services that provide a pluggable, scalable, and API-driven architecture.

Network provides a common set of APIs for both tenants and administrators that can be used to create networks and manage IP addresses.

Network provides an architecture for various plug-ins and agents that can be used to interface with different network provider components, such as Open vSwitch, Cisco UCS/Nexus, VMware NVP, and others. Plug-ins can also introduce advanced features, such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology like OpenFlow, Quality of Service, load balancing, and others.

The goal of OpenStack Network is to provide a standard interface to consume virtual network service, regardless of the underlying network technology.

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The OpenStack Object Storage Project was initially conceived for the purpose of storing virtual machine images for deployment.

Files and objects are accessed through the REST API interface. The end-user’s operating system is unaware of the remote storage system.

Applications are typically built using object storage in order to provide a higher level of abstraction.

For example, object storage solutions are commonly used as Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) for hosting static web media, since object storage provides an HTTP interface. Because of its highly available and reliable nature, object storage is also used for archival and backup purposes.

Provides vendor neutral storage

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The OpenStack Block Storage Project provides persistent block-level storage devices for use within virtual machine instances.

The project was created to support high I/O requirements, such as boot devices and mission critical databases.

Tenants in an OpenStack environment access data through block storage by mounting the remote volume in a similar manner to how they would mount a local physical disk.

The goal of the OpenStack Block Storage Project is to provide storage devices from heterogeneous back-end storage.

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The OpenStack Image Service provides the ability to discover, register, and deliver services for virtual disk and server images. This supports the use of images created in Hyper-V, vSphere, or other platforms.

Image provides an interface for discovering information about virtual disk images stored in a variety of back-end storage, including OpenStack object storage.

The goal of the OpenStack Image Service Project is to provide a central repository for virtual machine images to be used by Compute.

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The OpenStack Identity Management Project is responsible for authenticating and authorization.

It is queried by other OpenStack components to ensure that users have appropriate access to resources, such as volumes, virtual machines, and IP addresses.

It supports external authorization mechanisms, such as LDAP, oAuth, and SAML.

The goal of the OpenStack Identity Management Project is to provide a standard centralized mechanism for authentication in an OpenStack environment.

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Openstack releases:Juno –April 2015Kilo – end of this monthLiberty – next release

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Q&A

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Adaptation

More than one-third of cloud users use private clouds, and more than half of those are OpenStack clouds.

Walmart, Toyota and others

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Advantage no vendor lock inCustomise the software