Introduction of System Engineering
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Transcript of Introduction of System Engineering
Introduction of System Engineering
Prof. Jer-Nan Juang09/25/2008 (GSC)
Prof. Jer-Nan Juang
Adjunct Professor
National Taiwan University
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Outline
• Definition of System Engineering
• Systems Engineering Process Models
• System Engineering Standards
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Process Example: A Table of Delicious Dishes
Customer
Requirements:Eat
Recipe
Market
Bargain
Rinse
IQC : Incoming Quality Control
Monitoring & Measurement
Cook
Production Behavior
Business Behavior
Purchase Behavior
Test
Packing
Final Check
Delivery
IPQC: In Process
Quality Control
FQC : Final
Quality Control
Complaint:Bad Quality
CorrectionDesign Behavior
Parameters:Temperature;Taste
Preparation:Equipment; Sauce
Discount Improvement
Trash
Resources: Facilities
CashManpowerKnowledge
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An Example of PDCA
2.1BUS
2.1.1AOCS
2.1.2EPS
2.1.3RCS
2.1.3.1Battery
2.1.3.2PCDU
2.1.3.3Solar Array
Account Manger
Subsystem
CI
WBS Control Sheet
WBS Title
Key Milestones
Owner Acting
M-Y Cost
SOW
Deliverable
Risk
Ap
pli
ca
tio
n
Ap
pro
va
lThis Week Report
WBS Title
Key Milestones
Owner Acting
M-Y Cost
Man-hours Spent
Cost
Progress Report
Next Week Application
WBS Title
Key Milestones
Owner Acting
M-Y Cost
Man-hours applied
Budget Applied
Work Description
PLANPLAN
DODO
CHECKCHECK
ACTACT
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Homework: System Process
• Describe a system process to manufacture a
product of your interest.
• Describe a quality-control process for writing
a technical report.
Definition of System Engineering
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System Definitions
An integrated set of equipment, computer program, facilities, human and logistical support resources, and procedures which are assembled to accomplish a single purpose or mission (NASA/CSS)
A composite of equipment, skills, and techniques capable of performing and/or supporting and operational role (Army)
A complete solution to a defined need(s) in its full environment over a prescribed lifetime (TRW)
Hardware Software
Equipment
Facilities
Technical Data
Personnel
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CommandControl &
CommunicationsArchitecture
Space Mission Architecture
SpaceMissionConcept
Subject
SpaceSegment(P/L+S/C)
Orbit andConstellation
LaunchSegment
GroundSegment
MissionOperations
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The Space System
LaunchSegment
SpaceSegment
GroundSegment
Space System
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A Typical Space System
LaunchSegment
SpaceSegment
GroundSegment
LaunchFacility
LaunchVehicle
LaunchControl
GroundHandling
EquipmentSpacecraft
AirborneSupport
Equipment
FlightOperations
Communi-cationServices
DataProcessing
Facility
Space System
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What is the Systems Engineering ?The Orchestra Needs a Conductor and ...
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What is the System Engineering?• A logical sequence of activities and decisions that
transforms an operational need into a description of system performance parameters and a preferred system configuration. (MIL-STD-499A[5], Engineering Management, 1 May 1974. Now canceled.)
• An interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the entire technical effort and evolves into and verifies an integrated and life-cycle balanced set of system people, products, and process solutions that satisfy customer needs. (EIA Standard IS-632, Systems Engineering, December 1994.)
• An interdisciplinary, collaborative approach that derives, evolves, and verifies a life-cycle balanced system solution which satisfies customer expectations and meets public acceptability. (IEEE P1220, Standard for Application and Management of the Systems Engineering Process, [Final Draft], 26 September 1994.)
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System Acquisition ?
Through the Maze to System Acquisition
SystemAcquisition
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Systems Engineering(Basic Concept)
Mission(A Large Problem)
#1 #2 #3 #N
TO BE SOLVED & EFFECTIVELY MANAGED TO PRODUCE
ANOPTIMIZED SOLUTION
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROCESS(TO BE DECOMPOSED INTO AN INTEGRATED SET OF SMALL PROBLEMS)
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NationalPolicy
MissionNeeds
Determination
MissionAnalysis
ConceptDefinition
TechnologyDevelopment
SystemDevelopment
Testing &Operations
SESE
1-5 yr
2-5 yr
2-5
yr
4-8
yr
10-15 yr
System Acquisition Cycle
Today’s pace systems are so complex that the time scale from inception to operation can be 10 to 20 years
System engineering participates in this “Womb-to-Tomb” process and provides to the program historical records of trade analyses, requirements traceability, performance verification, and system operations
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System Acquisition Cycle (NASA)
CONCEPTDEFINION
SYSTEMREQMTS
ANALYSIS
SYSTEMANAL &DESIGN
SUBSYSTREQMTS
ANAL
SUBSYSTARCH
DESIGN
SUBSYSTDETAILDESIGNSUBSYST
IMPLEMEN-TATION
SUBSYSTI&T
SYSTEMI&T
SYSTEMACCEPT
OPERATIONS &MAINTENANCE
PDR
PAR
SRR
CDR
S/SRR
SDR
CA
S/STR
TRR
ORR
SYSTEMNEED
ACRONYMS:PAR - PROJECT APPROVAL REVIEWSRR - SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS REVIEWSDR - SYSTEM DESIGN REVIEWS/SDR - SUBSYSTEM DESIGN REVIEWPDR - PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEWCDR - CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEWTRR - TEST READINESS REVIEWS/STR - SUBSYSTEM TEST REVIEWSTR - SYSTEM TEST REVIEWCA - CONFIGURATION AUDITORR - OPERATIONAL READINESS REVIEW
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SE Role During Development Phases
RequirementsDevelopment
PreliminaryDesign
DetailedDesign
Productionand Test
Post LaunchSupport
MissionDefinition
ProgramPhase
SystemNeeds
SystemEngineeringRole
System LevelDesign
PreliminaryRequirements
Mission OpsAnalysis
SystemArchitectureDevelopment
RequirementDevelopment
VerificationPlanning
MissionStatement
MissionObjectives
MissionArea Analysis
System ConceptDevelopment
OperationsConceptDevelopment
TechnologyDevelopment
RFP Preparation
RequirementsBaseline
PreliminaryDesign BelowSystem Level
System DesignDevelopment
RequirementsFlowdown
DevelopmentSpecification
DesignBaseline
DetailedDesign ofTotal System
Design Reviewand Monitoring
Fabrication& Assembly
I&T
System Sell-off
Test Monitoring& Verification
Operation &Maintenance
On-OrbitData Analysis& System Ops
SRR SDR
PDR
CDR
PSR
System Design
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System Engineering Functions (Typical)
SYSTEMDEFINITION
SYSTEMANALYSIS
SYSTEMDESIGN
SYSTEMVERIFICATION
SYSTEMDATA
PROCESSING
SYSTEMOPERATIONS
SYSTEMENGINEERING
• MISSION DEFINITION
• SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
• FUNCTIONAL DEFINITION/ ALLOCATION
• REQUIREMENTS ALLOCATIONS/ TRACEBILITY
• SYSTEM/ SEGMENT SPECIFICATIONS
• SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS
• MISSION AND OPS ANALYSIS
• PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
• UTILITY ANALYSIS
• CONFIGURATION DESIGN TRADES
• INTERFACE ENGINEERING
• TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT
• DESIGN REVIEW/ EVALUATION
• RISK MANAGEMENT
• METHODOLOGY/ PLANS
• VERIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• ANALYSIS, SIMULATION, TEST PLAN
• VALIDATION AND ACCEPTANCE
• METHODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND ARCHITECTURE
• DATA PROCESSING REQUIREMENTS
• INTERFACE DEFINITION AND CONTROL
• DATA BASE/ DEFINTION AND CONTROL
• MISSION/ SYSTEM OPERATIONS CONCEPT AND REQUIREMENTS
• OPERATIONS PLANS
• PROCEDURES VALIDATION
• SIMULATION AND TRAINING PLANS
• INTEGRATED LOGISTICS PLANS
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System HierarchySYSTEM
SEGMENT
ELEMENT
SUBSYSTEM
COMPONENT
SUBASSEMBLY
PART
SUBSYSTEM
COMPONENT
MODULE
PROCEDURE/ROUTINE
EXAMPLE
FORMOSAT-1
SPACE/GROUND
SPACECRAFT/PAYLOAD
EPS/TT&C
BATTERY/ANTENNA
INTEGRATEDCSCIs
CSCI
CSU
CU
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
TYPICAL SOFTWARENOTATION
One project’s system is another project’s component
220943-98
Innovation Associates
Holistic Thinking versus Local Thinking…
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Systems Engineering - Process Models
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Systems Engineering Process Models
• Software System– Waterfall Model– Spiral Model
• Enterprise System– Vee Model– Typical SE Model– SIMILAR– ANSI/EIA 632
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Waterfall Model
By Royce in 1970
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Spiral Model
By Boehm in 1988
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Vee Model
By Forberg and Mooz in 1992
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Vee Model
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Typical Systems Engineering Process
SynthesisEvaluation
andDecision
Descriptionof SystemElements
FunctionalAnalysis
InputRequirements OR OR
ORSOLUTIONS
• WHAT• WHY
• HOW
ITERATIVE TRADE-OFFS
SE management guide, DSMC, Jan 1990
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Systems Engineering Process
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SIMILAR Process
By Bahill and Gissing in 1998
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SE Process in ANSI/EIA 632
ANSI: American National Standards InsituteEIA: Electronic Industries Alliance
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33 Process Requirements Specified by ANSI/EIA 632
System Engineering - Standards
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History of SE
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Evolution of Systems Engineering Standards
MIL-STD-499July 1969
Engineering Management
MIL-STD-499AMay 1974
MIL-STD-499BJune 1992
“Coordination Copy”
Perry MemoAbolishes new military standards
June 1994
IEEE 12201992
Commercial SE Standard beganEIA/IS 632
December 1994Interim Standard After Perry Memo
ISO 152881996
ISO/IEC 152882002ANSI/EIA 632
January 1999
IEEE 1220Trial Use
February 1995
IEEE 1220Full Use
January 1999
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MIL-STD-499CMay 1994
Unreleased Draft
coordination
MIL-STD-499CMarch 2007
Draft by TAC
ISO/IEEE 152882008
MIL-STD-499July 1969
Engineering Management
MIL-STD-499AMay 1974
MIL-STD-499BJune 1992
“Coordination Copy”
Perry MemoAbolishes new military standards
June 1994
IEEE 12201992
Commercial SE Standard beganEIA/IS 632
December 1994Interim Standard After Perry Memo
ISO 152881996
ISO/IEC 152882002ANSI/EIA 632
January 1999
IEEE 1220Trial Use
February 1995
IEEE 1220Full Use
January 1999
X
MIL-STD-499CMay 1994
Unreleased Draft
coordination
MIL-STD-499CMarch 2007
Draft by TAC
ISO/IEEE 152882008