Introduction of short duration pulses into rice-based cropping systems in western Bangladesh
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Introduction of short duration pulses into rice-based cropping systems in western Bangladesh
Imran Malik, Ken Flower, Matiur Rahman, William Erskine
Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture
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Project: CIM-2009-038
Partners and Collaborators
• ACIAR- funded from January 1, 2011 for 5 years
• Commissioned organisation: The University of Western Australia
• Collaborating partner: PBA/Vic. DPI (Peas)• Collaborating IARC: ICARDA (Lentils)• In-country coordination: IRRI• Major research partners: BARI, BRRI• Other partners: DAE and NGOs
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Bangladesh statistical information
Population : 164 million
Area: 144 000 km2
Agricultural land: 90 000 km2
Forest area: 8664 km2
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Outline
• Background• Approach taken• Possible constraint • Potential collaborations and prospects
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Background
Rice (main crop)
77% agricultural area
82% of calories 53% of protein
FAOSTAT, 2011
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
0
50
100
150
200
Year
Lentil
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
020406080
100 Pea
Pro
duct
ion
ton
(X10
00)
Pulse production decreased
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1985 2009
CropsArea
(10000 ha)Prod
(10000 t)Area
(10000 ha)Prod
(10000 t)
Boro 153 367 472 1781
Wheat 54 104 39 84
Potato 11 110 39 53
Maize 1 0.7 13 73
Change of major crop production
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100 mm
200 mm
300 mm
400 mm
0 mm
Crop Calender and rain pattern of Bangladesh
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Aman
Aus
Boro
Rain data from S. Shahid (2010) Int. J. Climatol. 30: 2299–2313
Sowing Harvest
Robi
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Aim of the project
Increase pulse production• In rice cropping system• New agronomic practice• Capacity building of the researchers and growers
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Pulses
Lentil Field Pea Mung Bean
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Strategies to achieve the goal
• Widen window between rice crops
• Early maturing lentil and field pea
• Relay cropping of short duration pulses
• Short duration Mung bean
• Up-scaling of short duration pulses varieties
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Current practice Target practice
Aman rice- Fallow- Boro Aman rice-pea-Boro
Aman rice- Fallow- Boro Aman rice- lentil/pea (relay)-Mung
Aman rice-rabi crops- Fallow Aman rice-rabi crops- Mung
Cropping patterns targeted
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T. Aman
BRRI dhan33 119 days
BRRI dhan49 141 days
Widen window from rice side
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Super early lentil
Super early lentil (flower in 50 d)
Local lentil (flower in 65 d)
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• Resource capture (e.g. moisture, nutrient)
• Conservation tillage
• Hasten maturity
Why Relay Cropping
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Lentil into standing rice
Pea after rice harvest
Lentil after rice harvest
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Happy Farmer with his relay Pea crop
At field day
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Major findings of year 1
• Early aman rice allow green pea before Boro
• Identified early pea genotypes
• Relay sown lentil/pea between T.Aman and T.aus/Mung
• On-farm Lentil (relay sown) and Mung demonstrations
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Crop Calender
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Aman
Kharif 1
Boro
Sowing Harvest
F. Pea
Lentil
G. Pea
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• Soil Waterlogging
• Diseases and Pests
Constraints for growing legumes
These constraints have adverse effect on plant growth and yield
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Lentil
Boro rice
Soil WaterloggingDrought
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Stemphylium blight
Powdery mildew
Rust
Flower dropping caused by thrips
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• Management practice:– Resource capture – Conservation tillage– Modelling reliability of window– Intercropping
• Altering inputs: – Cultivars– fertilizer
Strategies to cope with climate change at agronomic level
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Potential collaboration and future direction
• LWR/2008/019 (CCAS)(Developing multi-scale climate change adaptation strategies for farming communities in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Bangladesh and India )
• LWR/2010/080 (OAMC)(Overcoming agronomic and mechanisation constraints to development of conservation agriculture in diversified rice-based cropping in Bangladesh)
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• Similar cropping pattern to Bangladesh
• Myanmar (need to explore)
• India (Eastern)
• Nepal (relay cropping of lentil)
Potential collaboration cont......
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• Nutritional benefit • Water use (resource capture)• Climate change and mitigation• Greenhouse gas emission• Energy budget• Soil health• Beyond agronomy
Dimension of impacts
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Thank you