Introduction of OB
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Transcript of Introduction of OB
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OrganizationalBehaviour.
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Whats an organization?
Who creates an organization?
What is organizational effectiveness?
Group of people who work together
independently towards same goal & they have
structured pattern of interactions
Individual or group of people. It depends upon i) Quality goods & services
produce @ reasonable rate without affecting the
profit margin ii) satisfying all the stakeholders
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Behaviour the actions or reactions of an individual,
usually in relation to the environment.
Behavior can be conscious or unconscious,
overt or covert
Motivated by desire to attain a goal
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Organizational Behavior
It is the study & application of knowledge about
how people act within the organization
Three main features emphasis in any definition
are:1. Study of human behavior
2. Study of behavior in organization
3. Knowledge about human behavior would be
useful in in improving organizations effectiveness
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Organisational Behaviour
is the systematic study and carefulapplication of knowledge about how people - asindividuals and as groups - act within
organizations.
Field of study that investigates the impactthat individual groups & structure have on
behavior within the organisation for thepurpose of applying such knowledge towardsimproving an organisations effectiveness.
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Scope
Organization1. Culture
2. Policy3. Structure4. Reward & Feedback
Interpersonal1. Group behaviour
2. Team3. Conflict4. Leadership
Intrapersonal1. Personality2. Attitude
3. Perception4. Motivation5. Learnings6. Stress
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Characteristics
Human Tool Three level of analysis
Studies cause and effect relationship
Actions & Goal Oriented discipline Science as well as Arts
Multidisciplinary in nature
Holistic Approach
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Elements /Forces ofOrganisational Behaviour
People
Group Structure
Technology
Social System Environment
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An interdisciplinary focus
Individual
Personality, Perception
,Attitudes, learning's,Training, Work stressPsychology
PoliticalScience
Anthropology
Socio-Psychology
Sociology
Group Dynamics,Comm,Leadership
Culture,Org-Structure:
Formal/Informal
Behavioral Changes,Attitude change,Group
Orga-culture &
Environment,individual culture
Organizational power,Conflict, Politics
Group
Organization
Study of O
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Fundamental assumptions
of OB / Foundations of OB
1. Individual difference
Each individual differ
from each other
Difference arisesfrom birth due the
various experience that
individual goes through
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A whole person
Individual is not hired alone
but his likes & dislikes
are also hired.
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Caused behavior
There is always cause behind a person
behavior
Human behavior is caused because of
needs.
Behavior is directed towards fulfillment of this
need.
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Human Dignity
The concept rejects the old idea of using
employee as economic tools.
Treated differently as they are of higher order
in the universe, should be treated withrespect & dignity
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Organisation are Social System
Individual is govern by social & psychological
law.
Individual has social needs to satisfy.
Existence of social system reflects that
organisation is subject to change, as all the
parts of the system are interdependent &
influence each other.
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Mutuality of Interest
Organisation need people & people need
organisation.
Lack of common interest brings no
cooperation.
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Holistic Concept
Take all the possible views to people in an
effort to understand as many as possible
factors that influence behaviour.
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Types of models
Autocratic
Custodial
Supportive
Collegial
SOBC
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Autocratic
The basis of this modelis power with amanagerial orientationof authority.
The employees in turnare oriented towardsobedience anddependence on the boss.
The employee need thatis met is subsistence.
The performance resultis minimal.
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Custodial
The basis of this model iseconomic resources with amanagerial orientation ofmoney.
The employees in turn areoriented towards securityand benefits & dependenceon the organization.
The employee need that is
met is security. The performance result is
passive cooperation.
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Supportive
The basis of this model isleadership with amanagerial orientation ofsupport.
The employees in turn areoriented towardsjobperformance andparticipation.
The employee need met is
status & recognition. The performance result is
awakened drives.
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Collegial
The basis of this model ispartnership with amanagerial orientation ofteamwork.
The employees in turn areoriented towardsresponsible behavior andself-discipline.
The employee need that is
met is self-actualization. The performance result is
moderate enthusiasm.
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Interpretation of models
1. Models bound to change. no one model is
best for all times.
2. Models are related to hierarchy of human
needs.
3. Today's tendency of towards more
democratic models of organizational
behavior continue for a long run.4. Different models will remain in use.
A t ti C t di l S ti C ll i l
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Autocratic Custodial Supportive Collegial
Basis of
Model
Power Economic Leadership Partnership
Managerial
orientation
Authority Money Support Teamwork
Employee
obligation
Obedience Security &
benefits
Job per-
formance
Responsible
Behavior
Emp.psych
results
Dependenc
e boss
On org Participation Self
discipline
Emp needs
met
Subsistence security Status &
recognition
Self-
actualization
Performanc
e result
minimum passive Awakened
drives
Moderate
enthusiasm
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SOBC
S- Stimulus, O- Organism,
B- Behaviour, C- Consequences.
Based on social learning. Says that internal cognition leads to behavior.
Expanded model includes interactive nature ofenvironment (S and C), intrapersonal cognition in
determining its behavior. Serve as conceptual framework.
Gives a bare bone of sketch rather than explanation
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Stimulus:
Composed of indication that determines
behavior.
Overt indication: external & observable
Covert indication: internal & non observable.
the above is a part of internal environment.
External envt consist of technological & social
factors provides stimulus for behviour.
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Organism
Is a physical being or human being.
Physical factors are influence by stimulus.
They alter psychological structure.
Response is emerge as an result of the
interaction between stimulus & structure.
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Behavior
The way in which an individual reacts to
stimuli is behavior.
Individual show patterns of behavior t stimuli.
Behavior can be predicted by understanding
their patterns.
Covert behavior difficult to understand.
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Consequences
Behavior leads in determining the
consequences.
Positive consequences: leads to
reinforcement.
Negative consequences: force to change the
behavior.
Consequences dependent on situations.
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Significance of SOBC
Simple & useful model.
It helps to understand ,predict & control the
behavior of individual.
Important in organizing the further study &
Development of models of OB.
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Thank You
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Importance
Achieve Organisational effectiveness.
Maximum utilization of Organisational
effectiveness.
Input to decision making.
Effective management
Understanding self & others.
Develops cordial relation.
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Thank You