Introduction of enzymes

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Transcript of Introduction of enzymes

Page 1: Introduction of enzymes

INTRODUCTION OF ENZYMES& MODELS ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX FORMATION

Page 2: Introduction of enzymes

PRESENTED BY:

Muhammad Arshad Malik

MBBS First Year

Hashmat Medical College

Page 3: Introduction of enzymes

WHAT ARE ENZYMES?

• Catalyst of biological system

• Protein in nature

• Increase the rate of reaction without being used

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CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF ENZYMES

• Enzymes have immense power to accelerate the ate of reaction by reducing activation energy

• Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to start the chemical reaction.

• It can be decreased by increasing the temperature of reaction medium

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PROTEIN NATURE OF ENZYME

• All enzymes are proteins in nature having large molar weight

• Few enzyme are simple proteins while some are conjugated proteins in nature

• Enzymes are consist of two parts: protein part and non protein part.

• Protein part is called Apo enzyme while non protein is called co enzyme or prosthetic group

• Combination of apoenzyme and co enzyme is called holoenzyme

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MONOMERIC ENZYME & OLIGOMERIC ENYMES

• Monomeric enzymes consist of one polypeptide chain

• Example ribonuclease

• Oligomeric enymes are consist of more than one poly peptide chains

• Example hexokinase

• Single chain of oligomeric enzyme is called subunit

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SPECIFITY OF ENZYME

• Optical specifity

• There can be many optical isomers of substrate but only one of the isomers act as substrate for enzyme action

• Reaction specifity

• One enzyme can catalyze specific reaction only

• E.g. oxaloacetic acid can undergo many reation sbut each reaction is catalyze by specific enzyme

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MODEL OF ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX

• There are two modals enzyme substrate complex

• Lock and key modal

• Active site is rigid and preshaped. Substrate fits into active site of enzyme like key fits into lock.

• This modal is not accepted because it is unable to explain changes in enzyme activity.

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MODEL OF ENZYME SUBSTRATE COMPLEX

• Induce fit modal

• According to this modal, active site is not rigit. It is flexible in nature. When substrate fits into active site of enzyme, it produce changes in active site structure.

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Thanks You All


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