Introduction Educators are using disruptive innovation to invert the classroom. The concept is...
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Transcript of Introduction Educators are using disruptive innovation to invert the classroom. The concept is...
Introduction
Educators are using disruptive innovation to invert the classroom.
The concept is gaining acceptance in colleges and universities.
So, what is and how do we flip the classroom?
Disruptive Innovation
Mash-up of current technologies Radically alters the established system Improves the quality of the deliverables
DI in Education
HistoryWriting - 6th to 4th millennium BCPrinting Press - 1450 A.D.Electronic Calculator - 1970-1980PC – 1977 (PET, Apple, TRS)Tablets - 1990-2010 (iPad)
Each changed education by itself Now, numerous technologies are used
together to create new teaching models.
Flipped Classroom
Constructivist theoristsPiaget (1896-1980)Vygotsky (1896-1934)Bruner (1915-)Kolb (1939-)
ConstructivismLearners construct new ideas based on their
current and past knowledgeAllows the learners to go beyond the
information provided
Constructivism Process Elements Context
Actual life settings (learned experience) Construction of knowledge
Within a certain context Collaboration
With others to gain information Conversation
With others to construct new knowledge
The Un-flipped Classroom 19th and 20th Centuries model:
Industrial basedImitates Ford’s assembly lineAimed at the average studentLecture me into a stuporLittle interactivityOne right answer (Taylorism)Intention: develop workers for the country’s
industrial complexes
The Flipped Classroom
21st Century model:Knowledge based Critical thinking and applicationAimed at motivated studentsDo not lecture at meGreat interactivityMany perspectives and solutionsIntention: develop employees for the
knowledge economy
Flipping the Classroom Revise the pedagogy
Abandon teacher-centered modelAdopt student-centered modelMove the lecture outside the classroomMove the activities to the classroomIn the classroom, apply the theories presented in
the outside-the-classroom lecturesEngage students in their own learningLet students guide each other in their learning
(peer instruction)Flexible classroom
How to Flip the Classroom 1. Content
Know the content backward and forward before making a video or podcast.
Use story boards.Create a beginning, a middle and an end
○ Beginning – titles and introduction and over view
○ Middle – the concepts and ideas○ End – summary
2. Know your audienceUnderstand their needs, experiences and
discourses 3. Don’t be academic
Get student engagedMake connections between the student and
academicsWork concepts you wish to convey
4. MultimodalitySoundPicturesOther videos
Secret is creating a mashup Do not reinvent the wheel Remember the knowledge section of
learning takes place at home
How It Works
Instructor creates outside-the-classroom activities using asynchronous clusters.
The time the student interacts with these clusters does not matter
The interaction is what matters! The instructor develops activities for
synchronous (real time) clusters What takes place in these clusters paints
the picture of the flipped classroom
Asynchronous Clusters
Student explores concepts and discovers meaning by seeking answers to “What” and “So What” questions
These activities are technology driven.Internet, YouTube, Khan AcademyInstructor creates audio and video lectures Engage in chats, blogs, podcasts and
vodcasts, discussions with other students.
Consequences
Ensure student participation in the out-of-classroom materials and activities.
Measureable means to determine extent of participation.○ Specific discussion questions about materials○ Quizzes on specific materials and activities○ Incorporate questions about materials and
activities into semester tests and final exam.The bottom line: Students must know a
consequence exists for not participating.
In the Classroom
Instructor needs to create in-class activities
Instructors should use the resources that are provided within the textbook to construct these activities.
These activities should apply concepts students were to learn in the work they did at home through the videos, podcasts, etc.
Example Activities
These activities can include:DebatesRole-playLab activitiesCase studiesDiscussionsScenariosSimulationsand more…
Gear to Make Videos
Screen-casting software Computer Pen-tablet input device Microphone Webcam. Pen-table device and software may be
all that is needed because most new computers have built in microphones and cameras.
Simple Tools
Pen and tablet (Bamboo - $60 on up) Graphics software (Gimp – Free) Microphone ($10 on up) Video camera (most computers have
cameras) Computer (iMac or PC)
Screen casting software
Captures your computer screen. With microphone, software can record
voice. Many available programs, some are free
and open source. Find a program that works for you.
Video capture software (Screen-o-Matic is free; Camtasia Studeo is not)
Pen annotation
Key Piece of Equipment – software that has pen annotation feature
One is Wacom Bamboo.
Advanced Tools
Cameras Microphones Lighting Green Screens Tripods Editing Software Involves many $$$$
The Upside
Students become engaged in their own learning.
Since concepts are learned at home, the classroom becomes an active laboratory for application of these concepts.
The instructor is readily available to help lagging students, challenge exceptional students and nurture the average student.
The Downside
Creation of the videos and podcasts and other resources is time intensive.
Instructors need to learn a variety of skills outside of their teaching area.
Creation of classroom activities is a vital part of flipping the classroom.
This is where concepts are applied to real-world situations.
Finding or creating appropriate videos on-line
Some Tips
Start smallDon’t flip all of your coursesDon’t flip everything in a course
Do simple thingsDo talk overs on PowerPoint slidesUse a pen and tablet to animate the lectureUse screen capture along with a computer
camera
More Tips
As you become more comfortable with the concept, move to using mounted cameras, lighting, green screens and other video technologies.
Don’t re-invent the wheelDon't hesitate to use already created videos
on sites such as YouTube, Khan Academy, Alanis Business Academy, Finance Learning Academy, etc.