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Introduction Design Features Overview Part 1: Energy ... · Renewable Energy: Solar Panels Solar...
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A E S R il An Energy Smart Retail Mall by DesignMall by DesignJoseph GohProject Manager – M&E27 March 2009Project Manager – M&E
Agendag
Introduction Introduction The Project Design Features Overview Design Features Overview Part 1: Energy Efficiency
Part 2: Innovation Part 2: Innovation
Introduction
The presentation will touch on the design of 313@Somerset. Passive and Active design is important for the building of an energy
ffi i t llefficient mall. Technology introduced must be functional and compatible to the Mall’s
operating patternoperating pattern. The design must make economic sense with good sustainable returns. The process of designing an Energy Smart Mall will require buy in by all the The process of designing an Energy Smart Mall will require buy-in by all the
stake-holders for the outcome to be successful.
Introduction – Sustainable Development Flow Chartp
Lend Lease Integrated Modelg Sustainability Goals & Aspirationsy p
Somerset Sustainability GoalsSomerset Sustainability Goals From Sustainability Workshops, Somerset
Sustainability Goals is born. Entire Team, comprising of Marketing,
Development, Leasing, Project Management Construction Management and Operations, g palong with the consultants are aligned to achieve the sustainability goals for this projectproject
The document also pens down the key team action items in order to achieve the goals
Energy Savings and Efficiency is a major element documented
Somerset
Orchard Road 8 storey commercial/retail
d l t ith 3 development with 3 basement levels including 2 levels above ground car 2 levels above ground car parking
39,410m2 Total GFA 39, 0 ota G Construction commenced
April 2007p Expected completion Dec
2009
Location
The site represents one of the last prime developments released by URA on Orchard RdURA on Orchard Rd
A gateway to Orchard Road due to Somerset MRT entry/exit within to Somerset MRT entry/exit within the site
Providing a thru link from Orchard o d g a t u o O c a dRd to Somerset Rd
95 metre direct frontage to gOrchard Rd
70 metre direct frontage to Somerset Rd
Project Teamj
Owner ARIF (Asia Retail Investment Fund) – Lend Lease Owner ARIF (Asia Retail Investment Fund) Lend Lease Managed Fund
Developer, Concept Architect Lend Lease Retail (Asia) QS WT Partnership Pte Ltd PM & CM Bovis Lend Lease Pte Ltd Collaborating Architect Aedas Pte Ltd Collaborating Architect Aedas Pte Ltd Structural Engineer Meinhardt (Infrastructure) Pte Ltd M&E Engineer Bescon Consulting Engineers Pteg g g Façade & Interiors Aedas Pte Ltd Environment & Energy Building System & Diagnostics Pte Ltd Carbon Management Battle McCarthy / DCarbon8 Lighting Speirs & Major Associates Acoustic LSP Consultants Pte Ltd Acoustic LSP Consultants Pte Ltd Traffic Duffil Watts
Project Overviewj
Features OverviewFeatures OverviewSolar Panels for Renewable Energy
Glass/Void/Metal Hybrid Roof for Natural Ventilation and Day Lighting
Optimised Chiller System with VSD and Low Flow Design is highly efficient
Rain Water Collection from roof & stored in Tank located in high l l
Additional Car-park Charges funding ‘Mall solar panel building program’ with intentions to offset travelling carbon
Light Sensors save energy in areas with natural daylighting, ie top-level Carpark and Atri m Corridors
level
offset travelling carbon emissions
Atrium Corridors.
Tenants in the mall collaborates with green conditions in the lease
Energy-saving Standby speed conditions in the lease
and is assisted by electronic calculator
Intelligent Lighting Controls via BMS
y pescalators
Connection to MRT at B2 promotes travelling to Mall via
Jet Fans in Thru-block Link reduces energy consumption for ventilation at night.
Controls via BMS for Common Area
Basement Sprinkler Tank doubles up as Thermal Energy Storage Bank
travelling to Mall via Public Transport Odour-free Mechanical Grease Separation
System located underground with auto-extraction, self-cleaning improves IEQ
Eco Tour to educate and share with tenants, shoppers, professionals, youths and public
Part 1: Energy Efficiencygy y
Cause Analysis
EnergyEnergy EnergyEnergy
Cause Analysis
Energy Energy RequirementRequirement
Energy Energy CauseCause
Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation Lighting
Solar load & external heat due to façade, atrium skylight and building envelope
Indoor operating temperature General power Lifts & Escalators Retailers’ power
Indoor operating temperature Fresh air heat load Chillers, cooling towers & pumpsp
Others: cameras, speakers AHUs, FCUs & Fans Lighting fixtures General cleaning, maintenanceg, 41 sets of escalators 10 nos. of lifts
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Modeling & Energy Efficiency IndexEnergy Modeling & Energy Efficiency Index
Energy Modeling & Improvement Calculation of energy consumption
b d d i l d d tti based on design loads and setting benchmarks for improvement
Energy Modeling using computer Energy Modeling using computer software to provide more accurate predictions
EEI Comparison
524.63500.00
600.00
p ed ct o s
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
mpt
ion
(kW
h)
48%
335.52365.00
233.43
100 00
200.00
300.00
400.00
kW/m
2/yr
ReferenceProposed
-2,000,000
-1,000,000
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
Li ght i ng –
(A i r -
Condi t i oned
S )
Li ght i ng-
(Non A i r -
Condi t i oned
S )
A i r -
Condi t i oned
P l ant
A i r System
Fans
M echani cal
Vent i l at i on
Fans
Li f ts Escal ator s Renewabl e
Ener gy (P V)
T her mal
Ener gy
Stor age
Heat
Recover y
f or Hot
t
Heat
Recover y
Wheel
Exter nal
Li ghtEner
gy C
onsu
m
30.4
30.4
8%0.00
100.00
EEI Normalised EEI
Space) Space) water
Systems Breakdown
Reference Model Energy Consumption (kWh) Proposed Model Energy Consumption (kWh)
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyTabulated Breakdown of Energy ConsumptionTabulated Breakdown of Energy Consumption
End Use Reference Model Proposed Model Energy Consumption End Use Reference Model Proposed Model Energy Consumption Savings
Energy Consumption Energy Consumption (%)
(kWh) (kWh)
Lighting – (Air-Conditioned Space) 480,820 264,550 44.98%
Lighting- (Non Air-Conditioned Space) 424,776 207,387 51.18%
Air-Conditioned Plant 8,038,986 6,372,933 20.72%
Air System Fans 2 356 500 998 359 57 63%Air System Fans 2,356,500 998,359 57.63%
Mechanical Ventilation Fans 2,689,527 1,583,825 41.11%
Lifts 1,282,451 825,143 35.66%
Escalators 1,696,823 1,581,231 6.81%, , , ,
Tenant Receptacle loads 3,612,560 3,612,560 0.00%
Domestic Water Systems 93,219 93,219 0.00%
Renewable Energy (PV) -43,800
Thermal Energy Storage -304,045
Heat Recovery for Hot water -706,328
Heat Recovery Wheel -59,580
E t l Li ht 40 924External Light -40,924
Total Building Energy Consumption 20,675,663 14,384,530 30.43%
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyPassive DesignPassive Design
Building Orientation Long Facades facing North-South
d i i l i d E t WESTand minimal windows on East-West Façade
Sun shading to East West façade North
WEST
Sun shading to East-West façade from adjoining buildings as a result of lower height compared to esu t o o e e g t co pa ed tosurrounding buildings EAST
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyPassive DesignPassive Design
Façade Principles Cores and service areas located
l E t W t t t b ff t along East-West to act as buffer to external solar loads
Solid masonry walls with Core
Solid masonry walls with aluminium feature cladding over in lieu of glazing to at least 90% of Eastern
S
Core
Western eu o g a g to at east 90% oEast West Façade and South Façade
Sun
Core
Western Sun
RC RampRC Ramp
Solid Façade
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyPassive DesignPassive Design
Building EnvelopeBuilding Envelope High Performance Low “E” Double Glazing
to Most Glazed Facades with back-b di h d t boarding where exposed to sun
Atrium skylight to allow natural daylight penetration, to reduce lighting & energy Atirum Skylight
Mall Corridorsp g g gy
consumption Circulation and mall corridors/aisles along
atrium void to maximise exposure to
Western Sun
atrium void to maximise exposure to natural light
Low “E” Glazing
Part 1: Energy Efficiency1 Building Envelope Design1- Building Envelope Design
B ildi E lBuilding Envelope Car parks relocated from basement levels to L6 & 7
over retail levels to minimise depth of excavation Shiel
d
pand provide heat shield from roof to retail levels below
Natural ventilation of car park & staircases where
Heat
S
Natural ventilation of car-park & staircases where possible and deletion on MV fans
Current Scheme
Previous Scheme
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyP i D iPassive Design
S P h S d
Sit S Create massing model
Sun Path Study
Site Survey, Drawings, Documents reviewed
Create massing model
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyP i D iPassive Design
Sun Path Study - ResultsSun Path Study Results
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyBuilding Envelope DesignBuilding Envelope Design
Pre-requisite: Envelope Thermal Transfer Value
Average ETTV
Pre requisite: Envelope Thermal Transfer Value
Average ETTV of building envelope:p
39.99 W/m2
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyElectrical Sub meteringElectrical Sub-metering
Energy & Tenancy Sub-MeteringEnergy & Tenancy Sub-Metering Sub-metering provided to
monitor substantive energy uses monitor substantive energy uses eg. Chillers, AHU’s, lifts, escalators, common area lighting and power
Sub-metering provided to it ll t monitor all tenancy energy use
Lend Lease to bulk buy electricity and on sell to tenantselectricity and on sell to tenants
Linking back to BMS allowsenergy audit & power energy audit & power conservation strategy
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features
Occupant Design Load OptimisationOccupant Design Load Optimisation Increasing indoor operating temperatures and
range from 23ºc ± 1ºc (Code) to 24 ± 1.5ºc to d i f AC l t d ti reduce size of AC plant and operating energy
Chiller Temperature Δ of 7ºC instead of the common 5.5ºC improves overall chilled water pefficiency by reducing pump sizesCHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC, CWS/CWR 29.4/35ºCSi f l t d d f 2500RT t Size of plant reduced from 2500RTon to 1800RT (ie. 5 no. to 3 no. day chillers) and increase efficiency from 60% to 80%(0.56kW/RTon)
155 Rton light load chiller reduced energy wastage of running day chillers during low loadswastage of running day chillers during low loads
Use of high performance chillers/pumps
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features
Vertical TransportVertical Transport VVVF MRL (Kone) energy saving lifts EcoDisc®, a permanent magnet, , p g ,
gearless machine for elevators EcoDisc® motor at 95-100 rpm
res lting ibration & noise le els are resulting vibration & noise levels are much lower than other lifts
Sleep mode for lifts so that lights and Sleep mode for lifts so that lights and ventilation fans are switched off when not in use
Lightweight lift car decoration (in lieu of heavy finishes eg. granite/marble)
Many Escalators installed with crawl Many Escalators installed with crawl mode and variable speed drive
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features
AC EquipmentAC Equipment Fan Coil Units (FCU) with individual
thermostat to control chilled water flow by adjust modulating valve
This gives better control and accurate cooling supply (no overaccurate cooling supply (no over-cooling) for individual retail space for accurate
Natural Ventilation in lieu of AC to 50% of Discovery Walk to reduce AC loadsAC loads
VSD on Centrifugal Chillers Night Air Purging of 2 Air Change/hr Night Air Purging of 2 Air Change/hr
to mall internally after hours
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features
MVAC System ControlsMVAC System Controls Variable Speed drive (VSD) to
ensure chilled water pumps are performing at maximum efficiency
VAV system to kitchen exhaust fan to allow for control use of fans to allow for control use of fans during non peak hours
VSD are interlocked with the carbon dioxide sensors to throttle the fresh air in-take.C b M id S Carbon Monoxide Sensors are installed in car-parks and interfaced with carpark exhaust system to vary p y ythe fan speed
Part 1: Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficient FeaturesEnergy Efficient Features
LightingLighting High frequency ECG ballasts and
T5 lamps used in lieu of T8 lampsp p 35W High luminance Ceramic
Discharge Metal Halides in lieu 75W Halogen
Efficient lighting control integrated into Intelligent lighting control (CBus or similar) with relevant lighting zones and individual lighting zones and individual lighting controls via BMS
LED low energy façade lighting and LED low energy façade lighting and signs
Part 2: InnovationsSustainable Roof & CarparkSustainable Roof & Carpark
Daylighting Studies – Roof LuminanceDaylighting Studies Roof Luminance Studies on the day-lighting on the roof
car-park has revealed that there are pmore than sufficient luminance on the roof
Part 2: InnovationSustainable Roof & CarparkSustainable Roof & CarparkLight Transmitting Semi-Glass Roofg g With translucent membrane, no
artificial lighting required during daytime
PE sensors installed in event of t t dextreme overcast days
Artificial lighting only required at nightf ff Light fittings to be energy efficient
type.R d ti f Reduces energy consumption of lights tremendously
Part 2: InnovationsWind StudiesWind Studies
CFD Modelling CFD Modelling Outdoor comfort levels at
Discovery Walk Discovery Walk Ventilation modelling
using Computer Fluidusing Computer FluidDynamics
Simulation is extended toSimulation is extended toAtrium and 6th & 7th
Storey Car-parkStorey Car park Wind speeds and flow of
natural air also monitorednatural air also monitored
Part 2: InnovationsRenewable Energy: Solar Panels
Solar Studies
Renewable Energy: Solar Panels
Solar Studies Roof has highest exposure to
solar radiation (up to 4200Wh solar radiation (up to 4200Wh each day)
Solar energy on the roof should be gyharnessed
Photovoltaic panels installed to generate electrical power during daytime.
Part 2: InnovationsRenewable Energy: Solar PanelsRenewable Energy: Solar Panels
Solar PanelsSolar Panels Provide solar panels over M&E plant
roof roof Approx. 76 kWp Solar Panels. This is to power energy consumption This is to power energy consumption
(lighting, fans, irrigation pumps, auto-barriers) for the car park during the daylight hours.
Estimated Energy Savings of 57,600 kWH/year
Part 2: InnovationsIntelligent Lighting Control System
Natural Daylighting Studies
Intelligent Lighting Control System
Natural Daylighting Studies Level of Daylight Illuminance
generally 200 lux – 400 lux
Photometric
generally 200 lux 400 lux (average levels within comfortable light)
Artificial lighting will only be required during overcast sky
diti 5th Floorconditions Intelligent lighting control
system is introduced to save
5 Floor
Photometric
system is introduced to save energy on lighting.
2nd Floor
Part 2: InnovationsIntelligent Lighting Control System
Intelligent Lighting Control
Intelligent Lighting Control System
Intelligent Lighting Control Day-lighting of about 300 Lux
in the Atrium as per Solar Zone 1in the Atrium as per Solar Report
Light sensors with intelligent Atriumg gcontrols will switch off artificial lighting when there is
ffi i t t l li ht
Zone 2
sufficient natural light. Motion sensors are provided
in all staircases as they are in all staircases as they are most often not in use.
Light Level Sensor Light Fitting
Part 2: InnovationChiller Optimization with Supply Temperature DeltaChiller Optimization with Supply Temperature Delta
Chiller System OptimisationChiller System Optimisation Chilled water supply temperature Δ
of 7ºC instead of the common 5.5ºCimproves overall chilled water efficiency by reducing pump sizes
CHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC CHWS/CHWR 6/13ºC, CWS/CWR 29.4/35ºC
Individual chilled water supply pump 6.7 / 12.2oC 6 / 13oC
Individual chilled water supply pump flow-rate reduced from 113 l/s to 90 l/s
Motor Results in chilled water pump size
reduction Overall efficiency of 0 680 kW/Rton
Motor Size reduced by 20%110 kW 90 kW
Overall efficiency of 0.680 kW/Rton
Part 2: InnovationThermal Energy Storage BankThermal Energy Storage Bank
Thermal Energy StorageNight-Time Building Chilled Water SupplyThermal Energy Storage
Existing 205m3 sprinkler tank usually left untouched as thermal energy storage
t H t
Chilled Water Supply
system Waiver approved by SCDF for application The water in the sprinkler tank is chilled C
Heat Exchanger
The water in the sprinkler tank is chilled during the night time to take advantage of the cheaper time-based utility rates and better heat rejection due to lower ambient
6 deg
C
13 de
g C
better heat rejection due to lower ambient temperature
• During the day, the stored chilled water will
Waiver Approval
be used during the peak period for effective load leveling to reduce overall energy demand and improved chiller efficiency.
205m3 Fire Sprinkler Tank
/ Thermal Storage Bank
Insulation
Part 2: InnovationThermal Energy Storage BankThermal Energy Storage Bank
Thermal Energy Storage Peak ShavingLoad Shifting Energy Reductiongy g Reduces peak load by shifting energy usage to
a later period to take advantage of the peak efficiency, cheaper time-based utility rates
d/ t d ll d d
Peak ShavingLoad Shifting Energy Reduction
and/or to reduce overall energy demand An opportunity to run a chiller plant at peak
efficiency during the majority of its operating periodsperiods
Operations of TES systems can reduce energy resource consumption.
From a wider angle transmission and From a wider angle, transmission and distribution losses are lower and power plant generating efficiencies can be higher because the load is served by base-load plantsy p
Other advantages of TES• life-cycle cost benefits• factors affecting energy efficiencyg gy y• reduced environmental impacts• incorporate related high efficiencies technologies
Part 2: InnovationThermal Energy Storage BankThermal Energy Storage Bank
Estimated efficiency improvement = (0.725 – 0.691)/ 0.725 = 4.7%Electrical energy consumption reduction = (17,735 – 16,902) x 24 x 365 = 304,045 kWh / year
Part 2: InnovationWaste Heat RecoveryWaste Heat Recovery
Waste Heat Recovery System W t H t Waste Heat Recovery System Harvesting waste heat to generate hot
water
Waste Heat Source
water Supply F&B tenancies and back of House
washing areasHeat
Exchangerg
Hot water is generated for free or as a by-product
This providing capital and operational cost savings to tenant as well as their overall
Insulated Hot Water Storage
Tank at 60 energy consumption.
Reduces electricity consumptionto 80 deg C
Currently exploring Co-generation
Part 2: InnovationsAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning SystemAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning System
Automatic Condensor Tube CleaningAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning Condensor tube cleaning using “brush balls”
to remove scales and fouling deposits from th i t l f h d d t b the internal of enhanced condenser tubes which in turn maintains/improves efficiency
Chiller system shut-down not required during y q gtraditional Dirt Removal Cycles, resulting in no water loss
Conventional Elastomeric Ball
Innovative
Whitish Scale – Calcium Carbonate Brush Ball in action
Innovative Brush Ball from HVS
Part 2: InnovationsAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning SystemAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning System
Automatic Condensor Tube CleaningAutomatic Condensor Tube Cleaning No pumps or other mechanical prime movers
are required => No additional energy i drequired
Maintains high chiller heat rejection efficiency thus reduces energygy
Part 2: InnovationsDuctless Jet Fans for Night Usage & Car parkDuctless Jet Fans for Night Usage & Car-park
Ductless Fans for Night Usage & Car-parkg g p Require less material and energy to
install as mechanical ductwork, grilles and associated support will not be
i d H i t ll ti f required. Hence, installation of a ductless system will require the less embodied carbon.
Require less energy to operate as Require less energy to operate as compared to conventional ducted system as frictional loss from duct will be very significantly reduced => more than 80% g yof the energy is reduced.
* Wolter Fans
Part 2: InnovationsGreen Collaboration with RetailersGreen Collaboration with Retailers
Green Collaboration with RetailersGreen Collaboration with Retailers A sustainable building = sustainable retailers + sustainable operations
Bi di l ith t d Binding leases with green component and obligations for both landlord and tenant
Fitting-out guidelines with green component, R t il i l l t t t l e.g. Retail services calculator to control energy
usage (W/m2) Lend Lease Retail Design Managers controlling
and collaborating with the tenants during the design and construction process
Promotion of recycling and providing the necessary facilities during the tenant fitout and operations
Retailers, shoppers and staff education
W/m2
kWh/yr
programmes of waste management & recycling
Part 2: InnovationsRetail Services CalculatorRetail Services Calculator
Benefits: Reminder for code and authority compliance Consolidated record of each Retailers fitout intention Prompts Retailer’s designer to complete all fields we require Allows easy vetting of the Retailer’s services design Standard format to allow comparison to other Retailers Standardised units for calculations, e.g. Input power per light fittings Allows reference point for future auditing of Retailer performance Ensures all tenant design requirements are within the building’s low energy
targets and also helps reduce cost for the Retailer’s operation
Key Performance Indexy
Key KPIs Estimated Saving RemarksKey KPIs Estimated Saving Remarks
Energy Saving 30.43% % saving compared to code compliance building
6,291,132 kWh energy saving per year
$ $ $$1,258,226 $ savings per year (assume $0.20 per kWh)
Renewable energy 43,800 kWh collected per year
Air-con system efficiency 0.68 Kw/ton System Efficiency
EEI 300 kWh/m2/yr Normalised to 70 hours work week
•The figures above are results from the generated energy model as of March 2008.
•At the point of energy modelling, the Retailers power requirements are broadly estimated as leasing is still on-going.on going.
313@Somerset@
Thank you for your Attentiony y