Introduction & Concerts
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Transcript of Introduction & Concerts
Introduction to Fine Arts:Music
Music Belongs to Everyone
Focus of the Course• To increase your knowledge about music• To help you use this knowledge when
attending musical events• To equip you to answer questions and offer
opinions about music• To encourage your active participation in the
arts• To help you become an intelligent consumer
with a voice in the availability of music in your community
MusicRhythm and harmony find their way into the inward
places of the soul…Plato
Without music, life is a journey through a desert.Pat Conroy
Without Elvis, none of us could have made it.Buddy Holly
Country music is three chords and the truth.Harlan Howard
The history of a people is found in its songs.George Jellinek
Music Listening & You
2 fundamental facts about Music & Real Life
Music is important to the quality of human life
People have created different types of music for different purposes
The Musical Process
CREATIONMusical ideas
Forms (framework)Musical notation
INTERPRETATIONmedium
RESPONSEListener-audience
The Musical Process: Composer’s Ideas
• Influenced by time period in which composer lives
• Carried out through manipulation of music materials--rhythm, melody, texture, harmony
• Placed into a structured framework--musical form
• Written down using standard or non-standard notation
The Musical Process: The Performer’s Interpretation
• Influenced by Performer’s– Knowledge of
musical style– Technical facility on
instrument– Personal ideas, likes,
and preferences
The Musical Process: The Listener’s Response
• Influenced by– Knowledge of
musical styles– Personal,
preferences– Previous
experiences with music, including musical training
Art Music: Composed for Performance in concert halls & opera
houses
Learning to Listen:
Hearing and Listening are not the same!!
• Focuses on the music itself• Understands and experiences the composer’s
creative choices
The Musically Aware Listener
Listening for Aspects of Musical Works
• Nature of melodies & themes
• Texture
• Nature of rhythm & its patterns
• Changes in dynamics levels
• Dominant timbres
• Use of forms and other musical practices
Develop different modes of listening
• Physical effects it produces
• Emotional effects• Music for music’s sake
(absolute music)• Develop different
expectations about different types of music
• Improve your musical memory
• Become more sensitive to musical sounds
Different Types of Concerts
• Symphony Orchestra
• Chamber Music Ensemble
• Chamber Orchestra• Recital• Broadway Musical
• Vocal Ensembles--Secular– Large choirs– Small groups
• Vocal Ensembles--Sacred
• Opera
Symphony Orchestra
• Many instruments• Multiple players for
most instruments• Generally highly
skilled, artistic musicians
• Broad choices of music
Chamber Music Ensemble
• Fewer instruments, generally 2-20; usually not > 8
• Each player has own part• No conductor• Originally performed in people’s homes
(called “salons”)
Chamber Orchestra
• Fewer players than a symphony orchestra• Often heard in smaller concert halls• Music more intimate and clear than with
larger orchestra• Conductor leading group
Recital
• One or two soloists, plus an accompanist is typical
• Singers, pianists, violinists most common• Famous Instrumentalists also perform
recitals (e.g., flute, cello)
Vocal Ensembles--Secular
• Large Secular Groups– Chorales– Choral Societies– Women’s and Men’s Choruses, Glee Clubs– Collegiate Choirs
• Usually accompanied by piano, but sometimes by small orchestras
Vocal Ensembles--Secular
• Small Choirs– Madrigal Choirs– Chamber Singers (1 or 2 singers per part)– Jazz Choirs– A Cappella Choirs (no accompanist)
• Accompaniments Can Vary
Religious Choirs
• Large or small number of singers• Often perform in churches• Often accompanied by organ• Worship or concert format
Opera
• Singing: Soloists, Small Ensembles, Chorus
• Dramatic Action• Elaborate Costumes
and Sets• Sung Poetry (Libretto)• Orchestra• Choreography--very
specific steps
Broadway Musical Theater
• Singing--Soloists, Small Ensembles, Larger Chorus
• Spoken Lines• Orchestra• Staging and Sets• Elaborate Costumes• Elaborate Choreography
Ballet
• Blending of Arts: Sets, Dance, Costumes, Music
• Highly Trained Dancers• Orchestral
Accompaniment• Based on a Story• Choreography: Specific
movements, Steps, and Combinations
Preparing for A Concert
• Learn About the Music– Find out what will be
played– Listen to it ahead of
time--Library, Internet, Classical Radio
• Learn About Musical Styles
• Learn About Composers’ Lives
• Learn About the Artist(s), Orchestra, or Choir Performing
What do I Need to Know?
• Arrive early• Program(pg. 11)• Keys/Tonality• Dates• Catalogue
System(pg. 12)• Tempo/Expression
Terms(pg. 13-14)
Concert Etiquette
• Warm up/Lecture• Concertmaster• Tuning• Entrances/Exits • When to Applaud
The Conductor
• Music scholar• Baton• Communication• Downbeat• Conducting patterns• Left hand
expressions• Cueing
Some Important Information for Opera Goers
• Supertitles--Text is flashed across a screen over the stage
• Libretto--the actual text of the opera• www.metopera.org/synopses/
source for information about most operas; site operated by NY Metropolitan Opera
Preparing for the Ballet and Opera
• Ballet– Learn About the
Music– Read About the
Composer and the Librettist
– Read the Story– Learn About the
Dancers and the Company
• Opera– Read the libretto– If the libretto is
based on another source, study the original story
– Learn About the Composer
– Read about the Soloists
An Introduction to Musical Styles
Musical Styles & Periods
• Music-adjectival form of “Muse”– Association with
astronomy, mathematics
– “Music of the Spheres”
The Nine Muses• Daughters of Zeus
– Calliope Epic Poetry
– Clio History
– Uterpe Lyric Poetry
– Thalia Comedy, Pastoral Poetry
– Melopomene Tragedy
– Terpsichore Dancing
– Erato Love Poetry
– Polyhymnia Sacred Song
– Urania Astronomy
Style Periods of Concert Music
Medieval Period (450-1450) Renaissance (1450-1600) Baroque (1600-1750) Classical (1750-1820) Romantic (1820-1900) 20th Century (1900-2000)
Musical Styles & Periods• Style of music not confined to particular
place or time• Named for historical period it is most
associated with• Dates are approximate• Technical factors, i.e.-system of notation,
unknown tuning of instruments, lack of recording-slowed music’s development more so than art or literature