Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions...
-
Upload
blake-mason -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
4
Transcript of Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions...
![Page 1: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
IntroductionComputer System
“An electronic device, operating
under the control of instructions
stored in its own memory unit, that
can accept data (input), process data
arithmetically and logically, produce
output from the processing, and store
the results for future use.”
![Page 2: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Computer Architecture
“The structure of a computer that a machine language programmer must understand to write a correct (time independent) program for that machine.”
![Page 3: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Architecture & Organization 1
• Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer—Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques.
—e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
• Organization is how features are implemented—Control signals, interfaces, memory
technology.—e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it
done by repeated addition?
![Page 4: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Architecture & Organization 2
• All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture
• The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture
• This gives code compatibility—At least backwards
• Organization differs between different versions
![Page 5: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Structure & Function
• Structure is the way in which components relate to each other
• Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure
![Page 6: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Function
• All computer functions are:—Data processing—Data storage—Data movement—Control
![Page 7: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
General Purpose Computer
![Page 8: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Functional View
![Page 9: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Operations (a) Data movement
![Page 10: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Operations (b) Storage
![Page 11: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Operation (c) Processing from/to storage
![Page 12: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Operation (d)Processing from storage to I/O
![Page 13: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Structure - Top Level
Computer
Main Memory
InputOutput
SystemsInterconnection
Peripherals
Communicationlines
CentralProcessing Unit
Computer
![Page 14: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Structure - The CPU
Computer Arithmeticand Login Unit
ControlUnit
Internal CPUInterconnection
Registers
CPU
I/O
Memory
SystemBus
CPU
![Page 15: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Structure - The Control Unit
CPU
ControlMemory
Control Unit Registers and Decoders
SequencingLogin
ControlUnit
ALU
Registers
InternalBus
Control Unit
![Page 16: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Outline of the Course
• Computer Evolution and Performance• Computer Interconnection Structures• Internal Memory• External Memory• Input/Output• Operating Systems Support• Computer Arithmetic• Instruction Sets
![Page 17: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Outline of the Course(2)
• CPU Structure and Function• Reduced Instruction Set Computers• Superscalar Processors• Control Unit Operation• Microprogrammed Control• Multiprocessors and Vector Processing• Digital Logic (Appendix)
![Page 18: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Internet Resources- Web site for book
• http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA7e.html—links to sites of interest—links to sites for courses that use the book—errata list for book—information on other books by W. Stallings
• http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html—Math—How-to—Research resources—Misc
![Page 19: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Internet Resources- Web sites to look for
• WWW Computer Architecture Home Page• CPU Info Center• Processor Emporium• ACM Special Interest Group on Computer
Architecture• IEEE Technical Committee on Computer
Architecture• Intel Technology Journal• Manufacturer’s sites
—Intel, IBM, etc.
![Page 20: Introduction Computer System “An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input),](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f345503460f94c51f2e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Internet Resources - Usenet News Groups
• comp.arch• comp.arch.arithmetic• comp.arch.storage• comp.parallel