INTRODUCING OUR LANGUAGE: C# - Protobook.prototools.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/IGDPD...
Transcript of INTRODUCING OUR LANGUAGE: C# - Protobook.prototools.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/IGDPD...
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INTRODUCING OUR LANGUAGE: C#
CHAPTER 17
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Topics
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Topics§ The Features of C#
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based– C# is Object-Oriented
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Topics§ The Features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based– C# is Object-Oriented
§ Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000 • This is what punch cards were
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000 • This is what punch cards were
– Authoring languages were created to be an intermediary language between humans and computers
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000 • This is what punch cards were
– Authoring languages were created to be an intermediary language between humans and computers
– Two kinds of authoring languages:
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000 • This is what punch cards were
– Authoring languages were created to be an intermediary language between humans and computers
– Two kinds of authoring languages:• Interpreted
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is a Compiled Language
– Computer chips only understand machine language• 000000 00001 00010 00110 00000 100000 • This is what punch cards were
– Authoring languages were created to be an intermediary language between humans and computers
– Two kinds of authoring languages:• Interpreted• Compiled
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
– Benefits
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
– Benefits• Portability: Can run on any kind of computer as long as there's an
interpreter
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
– Benefits• Portability: Can run on any kind of computer as long as there's an
interpreter
– Detriments
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
– Benefits• Portability: Can run on any kind of computer as long as there's an
interpreter
– Detriments• Lack of Speed: The processing power used to interpret the code is
not spent on the game itself
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Interpreted Languages
– e.g., JavaScript, PHP, and Python– Two-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• An interpreter converts the code into machine language in real-time
– Benefits• Portability: Can run on any kind of computer as long as there's an
interpreter
– Detriments• Lack of Speed: The processing power used to interpret the code is
not spent on the game itself• Lack of Efficiency: Because the code can run on any computer, it's
not optimized for any specific computer
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits• Speed: Computer spends more processor power on the game itself
5
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits• Speed: Computer spends more processor power on the game itself• Efficiency: Code is optimized for a specific processor architecture
5
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits• Speed: Computer spends more processor power on the game itself• Efficiency: Code is optimized for a specific processor architecture
– Detriments
5
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits• Speed: Computer spends more processor power on the game itself• Efficiency: Code is optimized for a specific processor architecture
– Detriments• Lack of Portability: Compiled for only one kind of machine
5
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Understanding the Features of C#§ Compiled Languages
– e.g., C#, Basic, Java, C++– Three-Step Process
• Programmer writes the code• Programmer uses a compiler to convert the code into machine
language• Computer executes the code
– Benefits• Speed: Computer spends more processor power on the game itself• Efficiency: Code is optimized for a specific processor architecture
– Detriments• Lack of Portability: Compiled for only one kind of machine• Extra Compilation Step
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Hierarchy of Computer Languages
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
– Computers have a limited amount of Random Access Memory (RAM)
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
– Computers have a limited amount of Random Access Memory (RAM)
– Older compiled languages like BASIC and C++ require the programmer to manually allocate and deallocate RAM
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
– Computers have a limited amount of Random Access Memory (RAM)
– Older compiled languages like BASIC and C++ require the programmer to manually allocate and deallocate RAM
– In managed code, allocation and deallocation are handled automatically
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
– Computers have a limited amount of Random Access Memory (RAM)
– Older compiled languages like BASIC and C++ require the programmer to manually allocate and deallocate RAM
– In managed code, allocation and deallocation are handled automatically
– This makes it less likely that you will accidentally claim all of the memory
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Managed Code
– Computers have a limited amount of Random Access Memory (RAM)
– Older compiled languages like BASIC and C++ require the programmer to manually allocate and deallocate RAM
– In managed code, allocation and deallocation are handled automatically
– This makes it less likely that you will accidentally claim all of the memory
• Doing so is known as a "memory leak"
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
– Numbers
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
– Numbers– Words, sentences, paragraphs, novels…
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
– Numbers– Words, sentences, paragraphs, novels…– Images, sounds, 3D models, animations…
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
– Numbers– Words, sentences, paragraphs, novels…– Images, sounds, 3D models, animations…– Functions and methods
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VARIABLES IN COMPUTER LANGUAGES
§ A variable is a name that can hold a value
§ This concept is borrowed from algrbra– x = 5– x + 2 = ?
§ Variables in computer languages can hold much more than just simple numbers
– Numbers– Words, sentences, paragraphs, novels…– Images, sounds, 3D models, animations…– Functions and methods– Classes and GameObjects
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number• float y = 3.4f;! – A float y can only hold a floating point number
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number• float y = 3.4f;! – A float y can only hold a floating point number
– Strong typing allows accurate syntax checking
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number• float y = 3.4f;! – A float y can only hold a floating point number
– Strong typing allows accurate syntax checking• The compiler can check your code for correctness
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number• float y = 3.4f;! – A float y can only hold a floating point number
– Strong typing allows accurate syntax checking• The compiler can check your code for correctness
– Strong typing also allows robust code-completion
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Strongly Typed
– In a non-strongly typed language, a variable can hold any kind of data
• The same variable could hold a number one moment and an animation the next
– A strongly typed language restricts the type of data that can be held by any variable
• int x = 5;! – An int x can only hold an integer number• float y = 3.4f;! – A float y can only hold a floating point number
– Strong typing allows accurate syntax checking• The compiler can check your code for correctness
– Strong typing also allows robust code-completion• The code editor can guess what you want to type and auto-complete
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.5. Turn right onto Sawtelle Blvd.
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.5. Turn right onto Sawtelle Blvd.6. My place is just north of Venice on Sawtelle.
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.5. Turn right onto Sawtelle Blvd.6. My place is just north of Venice on Sawtelle.
– Functional languages allow the encapsulation of commands
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.5. Turn right onto Sawtelle Blvd.6. My place is just north of Venice on Sawtelle.
– Functional languages allow the encapsulation of commands• "If you see a store on the way, please BuySomeMilk()."
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Function Based
– Computer programs used to be just a series of commands– This was like giving driving directions to someone
1. From school, head north on Vermont2. Head west on I-10 for about 7.5 miles (about 12Km)3. At the intersection with I-405, take the 405 south for 2mi (3.2Km)4. Take the exit for Venice Blvd.5. Turn right onto Sawtelle Blvd.6. My place is just north of Venice on Sawtelle.
– Functional languages allow the encapsulation of commands• "If you see a store on the way, please BuySomeMilk()."• The BuySomeMilk() function encapsulates the many actions
involved in finding and purchasing milk.
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Understanding the Features of C#
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
– This enables things like a flock of birds where each bird thinks for itself…
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
– This enables things like a flock of birds where each bird thinks for itself…
• …rather than being controlled by a single, monolithic program
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
– This enables things like a flock of birds where each bird thinks for itself…
• …rather than being controlled by a single, monolithic program
– Object-orientation also allows class inheritance
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
– This enables things like a flock of birds where each bird thinks for itself…
• …rather than being controlled by a single, monolithic program
– Object-orientation also allows class inheritance• A subclass can inherit the fields and methods of its superclass
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Understanding the Features of C#§ C# is Object-Oriented
– Functions and data used to be separate– Object-oriented programming introduced classes– Classes combine functions and data into a single object
• Variables in classes are called fields• Functions in classes are called methods
– This enables things like a flock of birds where each bird thinks for itself…
• …rather than being controlled by a single, monolithic program
– Object-orientation also allows class inheritance• A subclass can inherit the fields and methods of its superclass• e.g., a Dog would inherit all the fields and methods of its superclass Mammal, which would in turn inherit from Animal
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
[Subject] [object]. [verb]
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
[Subject] [object]. [verb]
[verb] [Subject] [object].
![Page 108: INTRODUCING OUR LANGUAGE: C# - Protobook.prototools.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/IGDPD C17-Introdu… · – C# is a Compiled Language – C# is Managed Code – C# is Strongly](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051810/601761e25a7b6d4a8c7b7f7c/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
[Subject] [object]. [verb]
[verb] [Subject] [object].
§ Only one of these sentences is correct
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
[Subject] [object]. [verb]
[verb] [Subject] [object].
§ Only one of these sentences is correct– Only one follows the rules of syntax of the English language
![Page 110: INTRODUCING OUR LANGUAGE: C# - Protobook.prototools.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/IGDPD C17-Introdu… · – C# is a Compiled Language – C# is Managed Code – C# is Strongly](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051810/601761e25a7b6d4a8c7b7f7c/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ All languages have syntax:
12
The dog barked at the squirrel.
At the squirrel the dog barked.
The dog at the squirrel. barked
barked The dog at the squirrel.
[Subject] [verb] [object].
[Object] [subject] [verb].
[Subject] [object]. [verb]
[verb] [Subject] [object].
§ Only one of these sentences is correct– Only one follows the rules of syntax of the English language
§ The other sentences have syntax errors
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
– If a statement starts with a type, the second word of the statement becomes a new variable of that type
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
– If a statement starts with a type, the second word of the statement becomes a new variable of that type
• Defines the value of x to be 5
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
– If a statement starts with a type, the second word of the statement becomes a new variable of that type
• Defines the value of x to be 5– The = is used to assign values to variables
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
– If a statement starts with a type, the second word of the statement becomes a new variable of that type
• Defines the value of x to be 5– The = is used to assign values to variables
• All C# statements end with a semicolon ( ; )
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;• Declares a variable named x of the type int
– If a statement starts with a type, the second word of the statement becomes a new variable of that type
• Defines the value of x to be 5– The = is used to assign values to variables
• All C# statements end with a semicolon ( ; )– A semicolon is used because the period is already used in decimal
numbers
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int• Adds 3 + x for a value of 8 (because x = 5)
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int• Adds 3 + x for a value of 8 (because x = 5)
– Just as in algebra, order of operations follows parentheses first
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int• Adds 3 + x for a value of 8 (because x = 5)
– Just as in algebra, order of operations follows parentheses first
• Multiplies x * 8 for a value of 40 (5 * 8 = 40)
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int• Adds 3 + x for a value of 8 (because x = 5)
– Just as in algebra, order of operations follows parentheses first
• Multiplies x * 8 for a value of 40 (5 * 8 = 40)• Defines the value of y to be 40
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– int x = 5;– int y = x * ( 3 + x );
• Declares a variable named y of the type int• Adds 3 + x for a value of 8 (because x = 5)
– Just as in algebra, order of operations follows parentheses first
• Multiplies x * 8 for a value of 40 (5 * 8 = 40)• Defines the value of y to be 40• Ends with a semicolon ( ; )
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";• Declares a variable named greeting of the type string
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";• Declares a variable named greeting of the type string
– strings can hold a series of characters like a word or novel
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";• Declares a variable named greeting of the type string
– strings can hold a series of characters like a word or novel
• Defines the value of greeting to be "Hello World!"
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";• Declares a variable named greeting of the type string
– strings can hold a series of characters like a word or novel
• Defines the value of greeting to be "Hello World!"– Anything between double quotes is a string literal, a value to be
assigned to a string variable
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";• Declares a variable named greeting of the type string
– strings can hold a series of characters like a word or novel
• Defines the value of greeting to be "Hello World!"– Anything between double quotes is a string literal, a value to be
assigned to a string variable
• Ends with a semicolon ( ; )
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
• Passes the argument greeting into the function print()
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
• Passes the argument greeting into the function print()– Some functions take arguments: data that changes how the function
acts
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
• Passes the argument greeting into the function print()– Some functions take arguments: data that changes how the function
acts– The print() function will print the string greeting to the Console pane in
Unity
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
• Passes the argument greeting into the function print()– Some functions take arguments: data that changes how the function
acts– The print() function will print the string greeting to the Console pane in
Unity– The Console pane will display "Hello World!"
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Reading and Understanding C# Syntax§ C# statements also have syntax rules
– string greeting = "Hello World!";– print( greeting );
• Calls the function print()– When a function is called, it executes its actions
• Passes the argument greeting into the function print()– Some functions take arguments: data that changes how the function
acts– The print() function will print the string greeting to the Console pane in
Unity– The Console pane will display "Hello World!"
• Ends with a semicolon ( ; )
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Chapter 17 – Summary
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based– C# is Object-Oriented
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based– C# is Object-Oriented
§ You learned to read and understand some C#
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Chapter 17 – Summary§ You learned important features of C#
– C# is a Compiled Language– C# is Managed Code– C# is Strongly Typed– C# is Function Based– C# is Object-Oriented
§ You learned to read and understand some C#
§ In the next chapter, you'll write your first Unity C# program
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