INTRODUCING AND MOVING TO SCALE INTRODUCING AND MOVING TO SCALE WITH FFS ON LAND & WATER WITH FFS ON LAND & WATER

MANAGEMENT & CA PROCESSMANAGEMENT & CA PROCESS

Kagera project development workshops, EntebbeKagera project development workshops, Entebbe23 – 30 November 200523 – 30 November 2005

Paul NyendePaul NyendeLand Management Officer, TCP/UGA/2903Land Management Officer, TCP/UGA/2903

Experiences and Lessons from E. UgandaExperiences and Lessons from E. Uganda

The Changing Global & National TrendsThe Changing Global & National Trends

Changing global and national trends demanding for changes in research & extension service delivery.

There has been a common need for reforms (PMA, NAADS,) that;

• improve relevance, accountability (extension & research) to farmers;

• put in place a demand- and market-driven service provision system;

• ensure decentralization of service delivery; and,

• promote increased participation of the private sector

FFS approach: What are the issues?• Does the FFS approach to improving land & water

management work? What is the evidence?

• What does it take (resources) to introduce and establish FFS on land & water management?

• What is the process of establishing FFS on Land & Water Management ?

• What are the roles of different stakeholders?

• What opportunities exist locally, regionally & globally?

• What impact is projected?

Why the FFS approach to land & water management?

• Many technologies are new hence requires a discovery-based learning process, which the FFS provides

• Farmers actively participate in formulating interventions through experimentation & innovation

• Extension agents act as “facilitators” & NOT “teachers” to stimulate & support the learning process

• Knowledge acquired is used to build on existing indigenous knowledge, resident with farmers

• Follows a curriculum to facilitate a step by step learning

• What then is new?• In built mechanisms for sustainability built through focus on

participatory technology development, and gender-sensitive diagnostic strategies, enhancement of farmer innovation, micro-catchment and community level planning with stakeholders and capacity building of extension and technical personnel

Picturing impact with FFS approach to land & water management?

Encourages farmer experimentation &

innovation

Builds on and encourages us of

indigenous knowledge

Agro-ecosystem analysis (AESA) tool makes farmers more aware

& responsive to their farming environment

Encourages wider adoption through

a catchment approach

Efficient Community Action Planning

(CAP)

Enhances farmers’ ability to demand

for extension services and assess

value for money,

Strengthens farmers’ ‘voice’ for advocacy

Stimulates demand driven

extension service

Special topics e.g

HIV/AIDS,

Provides a platform for networking

BENEFITS &

IMPACTS

Encourages holistic & sustainable development

Establishing FFS

Situation analysis to identify problems and priotisation

Initiation of activities

Review of progress and re -planning

Development of CAP

Identifications of roles to play by different stakeholders

Meeting of stakeholders

Identification, analysis, and mobilization of stakeholders

Site sélection (e.g. village, LC, parish, District, Region, etc

The Process

Establishment of FFS • Crop phenology determines the FFS cycle

( S t a t i o n : I k i k i )

02 04 06 08 0

1 0 01 2 01 4 01 6 01 8 02 0 0

J a n f e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p O c t N o v D e c

(mm)

E v o t r a n s p i r a t i o nR a i n f a l l

F i n g e r m i l l e t

R i c e

C a s s a v a

G r o u n d n u t s

C o w p e a s

M a i z e

c o t t o n

S w e e t p o t a t o e s

J a n F e b M a r A p r M a y J u n J u l A u g S e p O c t N o v D e c

S o w i n g

H a r v e s t

Cost implications of establishing FFS on Land & Water Management

What does it take to introduce and establish FFS on land & water management?

Considerations:•Entry points

•Crop, livestock •Pest & disease management•Soil ad water management

•Geographical coverage•Regional, district, community, catchment

•Partnerships & linkages •Government, NGOs, Private sector

Cost implications of establishing FFS on Land Management

What does it take to introduce and establish FFS on land management?

Resources•Technical expertise•Social capital•Government (policy) support

Resources - Technical expertiseResources - Technical expertise• International experts – for sharing international

experience & backstopping

• National expertise • Master trainers• Facilitators (both extension and farmers)• Farmer organizations/CBOs

FFS group capacity development issuesFFS group capacity development issues• International experts – for sharing international

experience & backstopping

• National expertise • Master trainers• Facilitators (both extension and farmers)• Farmer organizations/CBOs

Cost of establishing a FFS on land & water managementCost of establishing a FFS on land & water management

• Non negotiable (FFS institutional development costs)• Stationary• Demo/expt. material

• Optional (Enterprise development/commercialization costs)

• Revolving fund (NAADS rural finance)Figure 1: FFS Grant Utilization

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

Name of FFS

Expenditure

(U

GX

)

Facilitator's allowance Stationary Transport RefreshmentsDemo/expt. inputs Labour (ploughing Land hire

Cost of facilitating FFS group learningCost of facilitating FFS group learning• Number of FFS facilitation sessions = 25 –30 sessions

• Cost of facilitation (transport & DSA) per session • Extension run FFS = $8 • Farmer run FFS = $3

• Duration and schedule of FFS session • Duration = 2-4 hours in a day• Schedule depends on crop phenology, technology =

1-4 times in a week

Partnerships and collaborationsPartnerships and collaborations

• Farmer organizations/CBOs

• Schools (Farmers of the Future)

• MUK University

• NGOs (A2N, PLAN, CCF)

• District Local Government ---extension (NAADS)

• National Agric. Research Organization – NARO

• International research institutions- TSBF, CIAT, ICIPE, ICRAF

• Private sector (industry, agro vets, seed dealers, entrepreneurs)

Training

Technology Demonstration

Exchange visits

Seed multiplication

Rural Knowledge Centre

Interactive learning site

Farmer experimentation

Information exchange

Approaches – FFS Interactive learning SiteApproaches – FFS Interactive learning Site

Principle: No one knows it all!

PMR/ERIOther network sites?

Issues•Human resource capacity•Finances•Reach vs. impact

?

NAADS

10,000 farmers

20,000farmers

Strategic partners

Partnershipappraisals

StrengthenInitiate

ILS

FFS Projects

Approaches – Scaling up and outApproaches – Scaling up and out

FFS - Challenges in Scaling Up and Out

•Partnership modes: Managing and coordinating partnerships

•Divergence between research and extension – How much experimentation/demonstration is sufficient

•Recommendation domains for specific products (species)

•Decision support tools that embrace INM & IPM (Ability to take into account different perspectives and constraints)

•Resources: Mobilization & cost-sharing

•Policy support??