Intro to Theory of Mind (Next week). Number Word Acquisition Acquisition of how count list represent...
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Psych 1306 Language and Thought
Intro to Theory of Mind(Next week)
Number Word AcquisitionAcquisition of how count list represent
numerositiesFigure out what “one”, “two”, and “three”
mean through PI (object files).Induction
Figure out what unmapped # words is all about. I.e. How labeling each object of a set with a
corresponding #, and final # = numerosity of set. Successor function: +1
How count list represent quantity & then is linked up to AM.
Leftover
Language and RepresentationNumber word (symbol) itself is the
representationAllows representation of exact numerosity“seven” – seven objects
Count list: Cultural artifact serving to enumerate objects
Munduruku & Pirahã lack count list
Leftover
Theory of Mindthe ability to attribute mental states—beliefs,
intents, desires, pretending, knowledge, etc.—to oneself and others and to understand that others have beliefs, desires and intentions that are different from one's own.
Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? 30 years laterCall & Tomasello (2008)Optional paper
Reviewed in Call & Tomasello
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/programs/ht/tm/3504.html?site=16&pl=qt&rate=hi&ch=5
Reviewed in Call & Tomasello
Informed or not of food
Pointing
Cooperative Behavior
Representing that others have False Belieffalse belief - a misconception resulting from
incorrect reasoning
Reviewed in Call & TomaselloDevelopment: 3-year-old vs. 4-year-old
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/programs/ht/tm/3504.html?site=16&pl=qt&rate=hi&ch=5
Call & Tomasello (1999)“A Non-Verbal False Belief Task: The
Performance of Children and Great Apes”
Experimental Setup
Step 1: Understanding of Indication Method1. H hides sticker in one of two identical boxes while C watches2. Boxes then presented to child (Occluder removed)3. C indicates hiding location4. Participant guesses
Experimental Setup
Visible Displacement1. C indicates2. C leaves3. H moves sticker (A B)4. C returns5. Participant guesses
Invisible Displacement1. C indicates2. C leaves3. H moves (swap) containers4. C returns5. Participant guesses
Ignoring Communicator1. C leaves2. H moves sticker (A B)3. C returns 4. C indicates5. Participant guesses
False Belief1. C leaves2. H moves (swap) containers3. C returns4. C indicates5. Participant guesses
After H hides sticker behind occluder and presents the boxes.
Results
Results
Results
Language involvement in representation of false belief???
Onishi & BaillergeonVIDEO OF EXPERIMENTAL SETUP