Counseling TheoriesHope you’re ready!

Counseling Theories

What we are covering today:

TheoriesWhat do you know already?

Origin of behavior:

Determinis

m

Free Choic

e

Are people basically…

Rationa

l

Irrational

How does change originate?

Reactive

Proactive

Balance or growth?

Homeostasi

s

Heterostasi

s

Do people change?

Unchangeabilit

y(better

to adapt_

Changeability

What is most important?

Your beliefs

Client

needs

Before Freud

How was mental illness explained? Possession Witchcraft Visions

How was mental illness treated? Blood letting Exorcism Magnetism Hypnotism

Psychoanalysis

Freud

Psychosexual stages of development

Unconscious Association Dreams Slips of the tongue

Id / Ego / Super-ego

Deterministic

Irrational

Adlerian

Social connectedness

Life-style

Birth order

Discouragement/encouragement

Equality

Social interest

Free choice

Jungian

Collective unconscious

Archetypes

Purpose of dreams

Self-Actualization

Developmental Theorists

Anna Freud – play therapy

Erik Erikson – psychosocial stages

Jean Piaget – theory of cognitive development

Lawrence Kohlberg – theory of moral development

Humanistic

Rogers Person-centered Therapeutic relationship

Warm Accepting Unconditional positive regard

Freedom of choice

Existential

May Tuberculosis

Frankl Concentration camp “Man’s Search for Meaning”

Gestalt

Perls The whole Self-actualized Freedom of choice Unfinished business

Behaviorists

Watson Little Albert Conditioned fear response

Skinner Radical behaviorism

Bandura Bobo doll Social learning theory

Cognitive Behavioral

ABC

REBT

ACT

Feminist

Feminist theory

Karen Horney

Carol Gilligan In a Different Voice

Jungian Goddesses in Every Woman Women Who Run with Wolves

Multicultural

Ability of these theories to address diversity

Societal factors

Relational cultural therapy

Other perspectives

Eastern psychotherapies Confucianism Taoism Zen Buddhism

African wisdom

Theory is dead!

Common Factors

Expectancy (15%)

Extratherapeutic change (40%)

Techniques (15%)

Common factors (30%)

Integration

Technical Eclecticism

Theoretical Integration

Assimilative Integration

Class DebateOne theory or integration

What is your theory?

Theoretical Evaluation Self-Test (TEST)