Intro to our……. Intro to our……. “Essential “Essential

Question(s)”Question(s)”

What tools can be used to retrieve What tools can be used to retrieve social studies information most social studies information most

easily?easily?

TheTheGeographersGeographers

Tools Tools

(R8)(R8)

Maps & GlobesMaps & Globes

For thousands of years, For thousands of years, people have been trying to people have been trying to record the features of our record the features of our

planet on maps and planet on maps and globes.globes.

The earliest The earliest globesglobes and and mapsmaps were created using were created using only human memory and only human memory and

eyeballs.eyeballs.

These early maps and globes These early maps and globes were were notnot veryvery accurateaccurate..

Maps & GlobesMaps & Globes

Today, we have the Today, we have the benefits of benefits of modern modern

technologytechnology..

SatelliteSatellite photography photography has enabled us to has enabled us to

make maps that are make maps that are veryvery accurateaccurate..

This is a satellite image This is a satellite image of southern Florida.of southern Florida.

Maps & GlobesMaps & Globes

Increased knowledge Increased knowledge and modern and modern

technology allows atechnology allows a cartographercartographer, ,

or mapmaker, to or mapmaker, to construct maps that construct maps that give a more detailed give a more detailed and accurate picture and accurate picture

of our world.of our world.

Differences BetweenDifferences BetweenMaps & GlobesMaps & Globes

GlobesGlobesA globe is a A globe is a veryvery accurateaccurate

model of earth, because model of earth, because globes are spherical, just globes are spherical, just

like the earth.like the earth.

The downside of globes is The downside of globes is that they are hard to carry that they are hard to carry

around with you.around with you.

Globes are Globes are notnot veryvery portable.portable.

Differences BetweenDifferences BetweenMaps & GlobesMaps & Globes

MapsMapsMaps are a little bit Maps are a little bit less less

accurateaccurate than globes. than globes.

This is because maps are This is because maps are two-dimensional. two-dimensional.

BUT…….BUT…….

Maps are more practical, Maps are more practical, because they can be because they can be folded up and carried folded up and carried around very easily.around very easily.

Maps are Maps are veryvery portableportable..

3 Kinds of Maps3 Kinds of Maps

General Reference General Reference MapsMaps

Used to show Used to show naturalnatural and and

human-madehuman-made features.features.

Used to locate a Used to locate a place.place.

3 Kinds of Maps3 Kinds of Maps

Thematic MapsThematic Maps

These typically These typically focus on one focus on one

specificspecific ideaidea or or themetheme..

ExamplesExamples::Religion’s of the World MapReligion’s of the World Map

&&Population Density MapPopulation Density Map

3 Kinds of Maps3 Kinds of Maps

Nautical MapsNautical Maps

Pilots and sailors Pilots and sailors use nautical maps use nautical maps to find their way to find their way through through airair or or over over waterwater..

Sometimes, a Sometimes, a nautical map is nautical map is called a “chart.”called a “chart.”

Map ProjectionsMap Projections

It is difficult to accurately It is difficult to accurately represent the features of represent the features of the spherical earth on a the spherical earth on a

flat map.flat map.

The different ways of showing The different ways of showing the earth’s curved surface the earth’s curved surface

on a flat map are calledon a flat map are called

Map ProjectionsMap Projections..

Map ProjectionsMap Projections

Some map projections Some map projections make certain places make certain places

look bigger or smaller look bigger or smaller than they really are.than they really are.

Some map projections Some map projections distort the shapes of distort the shapes of

places.places.

Mercator ProjectionMercator Projection

Robinson ProjectionRobinson Projection

Maps, Charts, & GraphsMaps, Charts, & Graphs

Geographers also use Geographers also use charts and graphs to charts and graphs to show information that show information that

can’t be found by can’t be found by using a map.using a map.

ChartsCharts and and graphsgraphs can can simply show what simply show what would take many would take many

words to illustrate.words to illustrate.