Intro to classification

Free Powerpoint Templates


Why Do We Need Classification?

http://www.powerpointstyles.com/



Vocabulary Preview p. 276

• Vertebrate: an animal that has a backbone

• Examples – snakes, fish, apes, and humans.

• Invertebrate• The prefix –in means

“not” so an invertebrate is an animal that does not have a backbone

• Examples – worms, lobster, coral, etc…


http://app.discoveryeducation.com/core:glossary/?assetGuid=62b7b245-e0c2-411f-95e6-c4384e5e2ebc&blnAllWords=1&

http://app.discoveryeducation.com/core:glossary/?assetGuid=5a0d4ea2-e801-43fb-a696-40dab6d3b8d9&blnAllWords=1&


VocabularyAmphibian: an animal that typically begins its life in water, then moves to land.Examples – frogs, salamanders and toads. newts


http://app.discoveryeducation.com/core:glossary/?assetGuid=f9ce3e25-80c1-45d9-ba7b-687fc82ac0b6&blnAllWords=1&


VocabularySymmetry: a matching pattern of body shape.

. Bilateral symmetry - when each half of a living thing mirrors the other half

Radial symmetry – animals with radial symmetry have body parts arranged around a middle point. Starfish and sea urchin are examples.


http://app.discoveryeducation.com/core:glossary/?assetGuid=f9ce3e25-80c1-45d9-ba7b-687fc82ac0b6&blnAllWords=1&


Vocabulary

Angiosperm: a vascular plant that reproduces by making flowers, fruits, and seeds.

Examples: apple trees, corn, and tulips.



What is classification? Classification is sorting things into groups based on common characteristics.

How do you use classification every day? Ex. Different places in the kitchen for plates, cups, silverware, etc…Everyone uses classification all the time, not just biologists.

Living things are grouped based on similarities and differences.



How have classification systemschanged?

Which scientist invented our system of taxonomy we use today? Carl Linnaeus! It is called hierarchical classificationHe used Latin to describe species, which is what we still use today (that is why we italicize scientific names!)

Carl Linnaeus 1707-1778Swedish Botanist



• Linnaeus grouped plants based on reproductive characteristics

• Now we group plants based on phylogeny• Phylogeny=Evolutionary history, or how the

plants are related. • We use genetics to figure out how plants are

related. • In Linnaeus’s day, scientists did not know what

evolution was or what DNA and genetics was. This is how science works!

How have classification systems changed?



Hierarchical Classification

• It starts very broad and gets more specific

• 7 hierarchies in our system:• Kingdom Very broad• Phylum (Division)• Class• Order • Family• Genus• Species Very specific



The Classification of a Lion

• Kingdom: Animalia (animal kingdom)

• Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrates)• Class: Mammalia (mammals)• Order: Carnivora (carnivores)• Family: Felidae (cats)• Genus: Panthera• Species: Panthera leo



KingdomPhylum Class OrderFamilyGenus Species

Kids Playing Chicken On Freeways Get Smooshed



• Kingdoms are the largest division-all organisms are in one of the 6 kingdoms

• Animals • Plants• Fungi• Protists• Eubacteria• Archaebacteria

The 6 Kingdoms



How do scientists classify?

Scientists look at• Internal and external structures

• Examples: spines, fur, gills, reproductive organs• Individual cells • Chemical processes within cells

• Example: photosynthesis



Dichotomous Key

• Tool used to identify organisms based on contrasting pairs of characteristics

• A step-by-step guide to identify an organism– Each step gives a choice of two

descriptions. – The descriptions have to be

opposites• Ex. Leaves round vs. leaves not round



Your turn to try it!

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/living_things/variation/play/


http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/living_things/variation/play/

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/living_things/variation/play/


Bacteria- Two Kingdoms!

• Bacteria are small single-celled organisms• Cells do not contain a nucleus• Earth’s most common and numerous form

of life• Live almost everywhere• Microscopic• Some is useful- bacteria in your stomach• Some can cause disease- streptococcal

bacteria cause strep throat



Two Kingdoms of Bacteria

• Archaebacteria

• Means “ancient bacteria”• Live under extreme conditions

• Eubacteria• Cannot survive in extreme conditions

How are archaebacteria and eubacteria similar?



Protists Kingdom• Single-celled or multicellular organisms• Share characteristics with fungi, plants, or

animals• Cells have nucleus & complex cell

structures



Animal Like Protozoa

• Animal like protists are called protozoa –means “first animals”

• Live wherever there is water• Can move



Plant Like Protists

• Use energy from sun to create food through photosynthesis– Produce oxygen as a by-product

• Can be microscopic or very large– Ocean seaweed can be tall as trees



Fungi Like Protists

• Get food from surroundings• Some reproduce through spores• Can move• Attack fruits, vegetables, & animals such

as fish



Fungi Kingdom

• Cells have nucleus & complex cell structure

• Absorb their food- decomposers• Grow quickly• Reproduce through spores



Plant Kingdom

• Many celled• Have tissues and organs• Have cell walls and chloroplasts• Make their own food• Divided into Vascular and Nonvascular



Animal Kingdom

Scientists divide animals into two groups. Vertebrates (animals with backbones) and invertebrates (animals without backbones).

Let’s try this together.

• Many-celled• Require Oxygen• Eat food• Most move from place to place• Reproduce Sexually


http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/?assetGuid=0fd33c88-814a-46ca-889c-658906aa5f87&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=DSCE&isAssigned=false&includeHeader=YES


Let’s Review The 6 Kingdoms!Video

• Two for bacteria- archaebacteria & eubacteria

• Protists• Fungi• Plant• Animal


http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/?assetGuid=ebddd67f-9787-4c8b-8927-7ed5e98d621e&fromMyDe=0&isPrinterFriendly=0&provider=&isLessonFromHealth=0&productcode=US&isAssigned=false&includeHeader=NO

Intro to classification

Technology

Transcript of Intro to classification