Intracellular Accumulation
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Transcript of Intracellular Accumulation
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Cell Injury
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GENETIC CAUSES
ACQUIRED CAUSES
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Acquired causes
Hypoxia and Ischemia
Physical Agents
Chemical Agents
Microbial Agents
Immunological Agents Nutritional
Psychological
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Pathogenesis of Cell Injury
Agent Type, DurationSeverity
Target Cell Type,Adaptability
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Types of Cell Injury
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Reversible
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Less ATP production
Reduced pH
Damage to Na pump and Plasmamembrane.
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Irreversible
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Persistence of Ischemia/Hypoxia
Point of No Return
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Mitochondrial DamageDisturbed Cell membrane
Lysosomal Rupture
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Free Radicals
Superoxide (O2)
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)
Hydroxyl Radical (OH)
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Hydroxil radicalMost reactive
Produces membrane damage by,
LIPID PeroxidationPROTEIN Oxidation
DNA Damage
Cytoskeletal damage
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Anti-Oxidants
Inactivates Free Radicals
Ex:
Vitamine: A, C, E
Cysteine, Glutathione
Ceruloplasmin & Transferrin
Enzymes:Superoxide dismutase, Catalase,
Glutathione peroxidase.
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Morphology of
Cell Injury
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Morphology of Reversible
cell Injury
Degeneration
Retrogressive change
Reversible cell injury
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Cellular swelling
Hyaline change
Fatty change
Mucoid change
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Causes of Cellular swelling
Bacterial toxin, chemicals, poisons,
burns, High fever
Impaired regulation of cellular
volume
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Gross: Kidney, Liver, Heart
muscles enlarged
M/E: Swollen cells
Small clear vaculoes
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Hyaline change
HyalineGlass like
Homogenous , pinkmaterial
Intracellular
1. Droplets in PCT
2. Zenkers degeneration3. Mallorys hyaline liver cellsalcohol
4. Russel bodiesPlasma cells
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Mucoid change
Mucin, a glycoprotein
Normaly produced by mucous membrane
An Mucus glands
Epithelial mucin = PAS + ve
Connective tissue mucin = PASveWithAlcian blue: both +ve
E ith li l i
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Epithelial mucin :
1. Catarrhal inlfammation of mucous
membrane2. Mucocele
3. Mucin secreting tumours of ovary,
stomach
Connective tissue mucin
1. Myxoid degeneration of tumours
2. Dissecting aneurysm of aorta in marfans
3. Myxoid change in ganglion of wrist
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Fatty change
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Fatty changeSteatosis
LIVER most coommon site.
Alcohol most common etiology
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Causes of Fatty change
ALCOHOL
MalnutritionObesity
DMLiver toxinsCCl4
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