Interpersonal & Group Perspectives Your Milgram Q’s are due today!!
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Transcript of Interpersonal & Group Perspectives Your Milgram Q’s are due today!!
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Interpersonal & Group Perspectives
Your Milgram Q’s are due today!!
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Attributions Continued
Just World Belief: – We tend to believe that the world is, on
the whole, fair, and that wrongs will be punished and rights rewarded.
– A number of studies have shown beliefs that people who suffer deserve it and have brought their ills upon themselves.
Why Do We Think Like This?
– Invulnerable Belief- We can avoid unpleasant situations
– Reduce anxiety caused by injustices
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How Correlated are Actions and Attitudes?
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Attitudes & Behaviors may not be as correlated as you think!
Read the description of the psychology experiment & answer the question.
When we feel less coerced & more responsible for troubling actions we feel greater cognitive dissonance.
Rationalization: protects our ego; If we choose to do/say it, we must believe it.
Cognitive Dissonance Theory: When attitudes and behaviors do not match it creates stress. Especially when you feel responsible for your behavior!!
What causes changes in our attitudes?
– Persuasion– Credibility– Likability– Attractiveness
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Obedience - Milgram
Prior to the study, most scholars thought only sadists would shock “learners” until the end.
Two-thirds of the subjects went all the way to the end of shocks Obedience increases with status/prestige.
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Conformity-Asch
Factors increasing conformity– Group size, cohesiveness, social status, culture, avoid
rejection
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Social Facilitation
The presence of others improves performance on easy tasks.
Opposite = Inhibition
Examples:– Cars rate of speed– Billiards accuracy– Sporting events– Laughing @ The Office
Cars travel 15% faster!
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Social Loafing
Tendency to work LESS when in a group
Loafing increases with group size (accountability & dispensable)
Not observed in all cultures– Collective vs. Individualistic
societies
Examples:– Clapping at a concert– School projects – Football Game/Films Find the social loafer!!
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Group Polarization
Group interaction intensifies the original opinion of group members.
In groups, people tend to be more extreme in their decisions.
Examples: – Inflexible juries tend to hand
down harsher sentences– Racial attitudes– Political attitudes
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Groupthink
Occurs when a cohesive in-group makes decisions w/o considering alternative actions.– Illusions of invincibility – Illusions that all are
unanimous – Direct pressure to conform – Mindguards, alternative
solutions are kept from leader
– High Stress Examples: Bay of Pigs &
Challenger Disaster