Interoperability, buildingSMART for knowledge and...

SINTEF Building and InfrastructureHåvard Bell & Lars Bjørkhaug, 2007

Lars Bjørkhaug, PhD CandidateCo Author, Håvard Bell, PhD

“Ifc-plugins”

Interoperability, buildingSMART forknowledge and product libraries


The three pillars of buildingSMART

IFC IFD IDM


Briefing-Functional req.-Estimates-Conditions-Requirements

Knowledge databases-Best practise knowledge-Own practice

Laws and regulations

-Building regulations-Building specifications

CAD software-Drawings,

calculations-Architect, engineer,…VRML

-Visualisation, 3D models

Simulations-Comfort-Ventilation, heating-Life cycle cost-Light, sound-Insulation-Fire, usage-Environment-Life time predictions

Specifications-Specification sheets-Classification standards-Estimates, accounting

Procurement-Product databases-Price databases

Facility management-Letting, sale, operations-Maintenance-Guaranties

Demolition, refurbishment-Rebuild-Demolition-Restoration

Construction management-Scheduling-Logistics, 4D

BIMBIM

((IFCIFC/IFD/IDM)/IFD/IDM)

Lars Bjørkhaug, SINTEF Byggforsk,Illustrations: Statsbygg, Arkitektstudio AS. Olof Granlund, NBLN Stanford University















BIMBIM

(IFC/(IFC/IFDIFD/IDM)/IDM)
















BIMBIM

(IFC/IFD/(IFC/IFD/IDMIDM))


IDM

IDM

IDM IDM

IDM

IDM

IDM

IDM

IDM

IDMIDM

IDM

IDM

BIMBIM

((IFCIFC//IFDIFD//IDMIDM))


Introducing IFD

NBRSDCLexiConBARBiBARBi …

IFD IFD -- International Framework for DictionariesInternational Framework for Dictionaries

IFD was developed and maintained by ISO/TC 59/SC 13/WG 6IFD was developed and maintained by ISO/TC 59/SC 13/WG 6

IFD is an EXPRESS model standardised in ISO 12006IFD is an EXPRESS model standardised in ISO 12006--33

Several countries has started building dictionaries based on IFDSeveral countries has started building dictionaries based on IFD

IFC and IFD is harmonised through the work of XMIFC and IFD is harmonised through the work of XM--77More information at: http://cic.vtt.fi/niai/technical/ifc_3/R3_projects.html

Full support for IFD in IFC version 2x3Full support for IFD in IFC version 2x3gg

Freely Available on Internet TodayFreely Available on Internet Today


What is IFD ?

A conceptual...A conceptual...Multilingual concept oriented...Multilingual concept oriented...Framework for ontologiesFramework for ontologies

……with a plugwith a plug--in for IFCin for IFC


.. IFD describes objects from what they are, independent of use and time, and not from what they are named or classified as.

”Building product catalogue”NS 3420 ”Building specifications”NS 3451 ”Building parts”

2.3 Outer walls

2.4 Inner walls

2.3.1 Primary construction2.3.3 Windows, doors, etc

Outer cladding and surface

2.4.1 Primary construction2.4.3 Windows, doors, etc

2.4.5 Inner cladding and surface

2.4.3.x Inner doors2.4.3.y Inner windows

2.3.3.x Outer doors2.3.3.y Outer windows

2 BuildingR.6.1 Doors

R.6.2 Industry gatesR.6.3 ...

R.6.1.1 Inner doorsR.6.1.2 Outer doorsR.6.1.3 Entrance doorsR.6.1.4 Sliding doors

R.6 Doors, gates, sliding walls, trapdo 15 Wooden products and interior15/10 Bathroom panel15/20 Doors

15/20/000 Inner doors15/20/100 Outer doors15/20/230 Sliding doors15/20/420 Entrance doors

15/24 Windows

building, outer wall, inner wall, door, outer door, inner door, sliding door, cladding,

outer cladding, inner cladding, surface, inner surface, outer surface, inner surface,

artefact, interior...

Conceptual, because…


IFD describes an concept by relating it to other concepts

IFD includes properties and type values for concepts

concepts can be referred to, though globally unique IDs

inner door door building product

firedoor fire escape route escape route

door door leaf

door frame

door sill

door doorway opening in wall

horizontal light-opening for door

door

with of escape route

inner door

outer door

sliding door

rotating door

strongroom door

sliding door leaf

sliding door frame

can be

is a type of

is part of

is part of

consists_of consists_of

relates to

consists of

is a type of

is a type of

is part of

Ontology, because..


ddøørr doordoor

doordoor--setset

doordoorddøørbladrblad

.. what a dictionary gives as a translation of a word in one language not necessarily refers to the same object in another language.

Multilingual concept oriented, because..


..because a beam is not just named beam

beam

truss

balkbalk

liggerligger

bjelke



..because a beam is not just a beam



How to know a door when you see one...How to know a door when you see one...

Idea/initialisation

Processes

Planning/detailed designProgramming/conceptual design

ExecutionUse, maintenance, administration

Rebuild, demolish

Owners

Users

Designers

Contractors

Suppliers

Actors

Authorities

Other

Standards

Environment

Research

What do we mean by the with and height of a door?


In a briefing document

Properties

In product catalogues

Properties

In classification systems

Properties

In building specifications

Properties

In a calculation system

Properties

In a Facility management system

Properties

For demolition and reconstruction

Properties

In a CAD system

Properties

IFD dictionary

Properties

One object exist in multiple contextsOne object exist in multiple contexts


Properties

IFD - Norway

PropertiesIFD - Nederland

PropertiesCSI – North America

PropertiesBrazil?

Properties

One concept carries the same unique identificator in every

language78AF4E98C8D4406B873DBB85E1FE7DB

In a briefing document

In product catalogues

Properties

In classification systems

Properties

In building specifications

Properties

In a calculation system

Properties

In a Facility management system

Properties

For demolition and reconstruction

Properties

In a CAD system

Properties

One object exist in multiple contextsOne object exist in multiple contexts


outside frame widthhorizontal door module with

minimum horizontal door openingmaximum horizontal door opening

inside frame width

horizontal door openingwith door in most

unfavourable position

frame thicknessfor side frame

outs

ide

fram

e he

ight

verti

cal m

odul

e do

or h

eigh

tm

inim

um v

ertic

al d

oor o

peni

ngm

axim

um v

ertic

al d

oor o

peni

ng

verti

cal l

ight

ope

ning

door

sill

thic

knes

s

fram

e th

ickn

ess

for d

oor t

op fr

ame

3vvsNwoT0Hsm00051Mm008

dfgsdfg9378788s8dfg93

sdfg

sdfg

8834

778w

9sdf

k5v

vsN

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51M

m00

83v

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1Mm

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sdfg

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v

3vvs

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8

3vvs

Nw

oT0H

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051M

m00

8

3vvs

Nw

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051M

m00

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834587dlfgøkløkdjg0034sddfgg928347789sdfgjkjsdfgsdfggllweromkdfgi39499ddd

iidkkdjjewr9923889ddd

9834588489394fsdf

Maksimal horisontal døråpning

Ramme tykkelse

Mak

sim

alve

rtik

aldø

rhøy

deM

inim

al v

ertik

aldø

rhøy

deVe

rtik

lam

odul

høyd

eU

tven

dig

ram

meh

øyde

Vert

ikla

lyså

pnin

g

Ram

meb

redd

eøv

redø

rram

me

dørt

ersk

elhø

yde

Minimum horisontal døråpningHorisontal modulviddeUtvendig bredde karm

Hoisontal lysåpningmed dør I mestugunstig posisjon

Invendigrammebredde

How to know a door when you see one...How to know a door when you see one...


IFC/IFD enables one common platform for:IFC/IFD enables one common platform for:

IFC / IFD / IDM – one platform. Fits all

Knowledge databasesKnowledge databases

Knowledge and rules can be formatted in a way that enables automatic control.

Knowledge and rules can be formatted in a way that enables automatic control.

Project databasesProject databases

Project information from different phases of the project is stored on objects and object properties.

Project information from different phases of the project is stored on objects and object properties.

Products and product properties carries the unique identifiers from IFD dictionaries.

Products and product properties carries the unique identifiers from IFD

Product databasesProduct databases

dictionaries.


IFC / IFD / IDM – used with knowledgeIFD/Ontology

Enrich the content by adding semantic• making knowledge language independent• uniquely identifying the concepts (GUIDs)

Mark up the rules and exceptionsPossilbe to convert to rules that can beexecuted on Ifc models


Adding semantic from ontologies enables:

Two way links between different sources of knowledgeLanguage independent interlinking of knowledgeLinking of knowledge to material, products, elements...Multiple views to the same knowledge”Context sensitive” knowledge (wisdom)


Objects Text Rules

Knowledge Products Projects

The bits and pieces - today


Objects Text Rules

Knowledge Products Projects

The bits and pieces - tomorrow


Real life BIM example – New AHUS Oslo

116.000 m2 new building20.000 m2 renovation of existing buildingsStart excavation March 2004Finished December 2007

Picture taken 2007.07.11 at 03:15

Pictures from Kjell Ivar Bakkmoen – C.F. Møller Architects


Tracking products and equipment Tracking products and equipment -- AHUSAHUS


3950 hospital rooms1500 technical rooms1000 types of equipment50.000 articles, where..20.000 drawn in the model


Drawings are produced from the BIMDrawings are produced from the BIM

Approximately 400 – 1:50 plans1000 unique rooms with plan, elevation and ceiling -> 3000 drawingsVisualizations to communicate with users



Ability to change everything Ability to change everything –– Fast!Fast!

1st prize won 20001st design December 2000Revised design October 2001

Reduced by 10.000 m2Pre-project May 2002Revised pre-project May 2003

Reduced by 30.000 m2Finished detail project December 2007

Not one wall left untouched!


R&D projects at AHUS

Slides from Kjell Ivar Bakkmoen – C.F. Møller Architects

SINTEF Building and InfrastructureHåvard Bell & Lars Bjørkhaug, 2007Slides from Kjell Ivar Bakkmoen – C.F. Møller Architects



””Lessons learnedLessons learned”” in Norwayin Norway

Start with owners and motivate them by seeing the potential for improved sustainability (less energy consumption, less construction material usage, less waste…)

Motivate medium-sized software developers through the new business opportunities

Focus on ”seeing is believing” – demonstrate what is possible and stop talking – Just Do It !☺

Motivate government to see the potential for efficiency and freeing up resources for more value adding activities

Motivate educational institutions to see the potential for new roles and new ways of providing knowledge


Information exchange. The old way


Information exchange - the BIM way

BIM


BIM

Information exchange using BIM - the whole picture

Interoperability, buildingSMART for knowledge and...

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