Internship Presentation Indian oil(IOCL)

8/18/2019 Internship Presentation Indian oil(IOCL)

1/36

Summer Training - MechanicalMaintenance and Planning of

IOCL Renery Guwahati

Presented y

Dhrubajyoti Das (MEB10002)

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

Tepur !ni"ersity


2/36

#O$% (&n o"er"ie')

• Indian Oil Corporation is an Indian state-owned oil and gas company head

quartered at New Delhi.

• It is the 18th largest petroleum country in the world.

• It own and operates 10 o India!s 1" reineries.

• #argest pu$lic corporation in India when ran%ed $y re&enue.

• It has a com$ined reining capacity o '(.) million metric tonns per year.


3/36

u'ahati e*nery

• *sta$lished with +omanian colla$oration in 1st ,anuary 1"'

• &nnual re*ning capacity is 1+0 million metric tonnes per year

• ,rocesses cru-e oil from oil *el-s in upper &ssam an- caters tothe nee- of petroleum pro-ucts in the .orth Eastern egions+

• ,OD!$T/ Motor spirit (,etrol)&"iation Turbineuel%,3erosene%ight /pee- Diesel an- ra' petroleum co4e


4/36

!.#T/

• I+* /ND /*2 D*3/+4*N

• 4*C5/NIC/# 6O+75O3

• 5*+4/# 3O6*+ /ION 39

• C+:D* DII##/ION :NI CD:9

• D*#/2*D CO7*+ :NI DC:9

• 52D+O;*N ;*N*+/ION :NI 5;:9

• 52D+O+*/*+ :NI 5D9

• OI# 4O


5/36

!IR" #$% S#!"T&%"P#RTM"$T

The responsibility of ensuring the safety of the entire refinery and keeping itaccident free.

Elements for causing fire:

Oxygen

Fuel

Heat

ire can be e5tinguishe- by remo"ing any

one of them+

ire triangle


6/36

,rotection

!ir e'tinguishers(• Soda-acid.

• Foam type.

• Dry chemical: this is an all-purpose fire –extinguisher.

• ar!on-dioxide: this type is mostly found at homes.

Personal Protection ")ui*ment • 6elmet

• /hoes• as7mas4s

• lo"es


7/36

/OME 3E8 $OM,O.E.T/ O T6E E#.E8

1. PUMP-transers luid rom one point to another $y &irtue o change o pressure

hey are o two types>

•. Rotodynamic (or centrifugal) > hese are a type o pump that operate $y using centriugal orce to

pull liquid away rom the centre o the container? where it can then $e sent through an outlet

•. Reciprocating pump:

.hese are those which cause the luid to mo&e using pistons.

.hese pumps are $eing used or pumping highly

&iscous luid


8/36

$entrifugal ,umps

PRINCIPLE(• 3inetic energy is imparte- to the 9ui- by the rotating impeller

• The potential energyof the 9ui- is increase-

by -ecreasing the

"alue of "elocity as it

ten-s to lea"e through the impeller casing+


9/36

$OM,O.E.T/ O T6E ,!M,

• Impeller

• 3ump eye

• Casing

• hat

• 4echanical seal-/ mechanical seal is a de&ice which helps @oin systems or

mechanisms together $y pre&enting lea%age .

Mecanical !eal" may #e of follo$ing type">

/IC */#>

hese are employed where no mo&ement occurs at the @uncture to $e sealed.

ypical eAamples $eing gas%ets = BO rings.

D2N/4IC */#>

hese are employed where suraces ha&e relati&e motion. ypical eAamples

$eing a reciprocating shat or a rotating shat


10/36

• Pump #earing" "sed to attain free frictionless mo#ement at the ends so that the losses inthe machines are reduced.

It is of two types:1) Roller:

• $n this type% the outer as &ell inner parts are separate &hich has the cage holding the roller and

the outer ring mo#ing independently.

• 'his can take more load than !all !earings under

normal conditions.

2)Journal bearings:

• $t consist of a shaft or (ournal &hich rotates freely in a supporting metal slee#e or shell.

• 'here are no rolling elements in these !earings.


11/36

2+ ME$6&.#$&% :&%:E/

/ &al&e is a de&ice that regulates? directs or controls the low o a luid $y opening?

closing? or partially o$structing &arious passageways.

4any dierent types o &al&es are used in a reinery>

;ate

hese &al&es are ones which open $y litinga round or rectangular gatewedge out o the path o the

luid

. a gate &al&e is the sealing suraces $etween

the gate and seats are planar? so gate &al&es are oten

used when a straight-line low o luid and minimumrestriction is desired.

or eAtremely thic% luids? a specialty &al&e oten

%nown as a %nife &al&e is used to cut through the

liquid.


12/36

• 'utterfly al&e >

his a &al&e can $e used or regulating

low.

low can also $e completely isolated.


13/36

• lo#e &al&e >

/ glo$e &al&e is a type o &al&e used or regulating low in a pipeline? consisting

o a mo&a$le dis%-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally

spherical $ody.


14/36

• 'all &al&e :

/ $all &al&e is a &al&e with a

spherical disc? the part o the &al&e

which controls the low through it

he sphere has a hole? or port?

through the middle so that when the

port is in line with $oth ends o the &al&e? low will occur.

6hen the &al&e is closed? the hole is perpendicular to the ends o the &al&e?

and low is $loc%ed.


15/36

• Non*Return al&e : / cec% &al&e or a non*return &al&e is a mechanical de&ice? a &al&e? which

normally allows luid to low through it in only one direction. he chec% &al&es

are two-port &al&es with the two openings in the $ody? one or luid to enter and

the other or luid to lea&e.


16/36

• Pre""ure relief &al&e

/ saety &al&e is a &al&e mechanism or the automatic

release o a su$stance rom a $oiler? pressure &essel?

or other system when the pressure or temperature

eAceeds preset limits .


17/36

;+6E&T E


18/36

=+ urnace

Main component" of a furnace are:

• 5eating coils

• *nclose or $oA

• Com$ustion equipment or $urner • /ir pre Gheater /359

Pro#lem" in furnace:

• 5igh eAcess air operation

• ailed connections sections

• O&er Giring

• Ead lames lame impingement


19/36

T6EM&% ,O>E /T&T#O.• / thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mo&er is steam dri&en.

• It operates on +an%ine cycle.

!u#*unit" :

• ( $oilers G Nos. F?H?(?'?)

• F tur$ines G Nos. F?H 8 469 No. ( 146 9

• ;enerators are coupled to tur$ines $y geared coupling

• De-aerator

• Eoiler eed pumps

• 5eat *Achanger

• Cooling towers Nos.9

• De-mineraliation plant


20/36


21/36


22/36

/&%#E.T E&T!E/

• uel used to generate steam is #ow ulphur 5ea&y toc%#59.

• 3ressure o the $oiler is F) %gcm

•


23/36

ea-ings from T ?


24/36


25/36

%O> D#&&M O T6E,%&.T


26/36

D

2+@=0

$

?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$?2+ 0$

?2+ 0$

Demineraliationplant

De7aerator ee- 'aterpump

economier

/teamDrum

>aterDrum

,rimarysuper heater

/econ-arysuper

heater

Turbine

Desuperheater

M, /team%, /team

$!DE D#/T#%%&T#O.


27/36

$!DE D#/T#%%&T#O.!.#T($D!)

• Crude distillation unit is the mother unit o a reinery.

• It recei&es the raw crude oil rom its supplier Oil India #td. In case o ;uwahati reinery9and it does the required pre-treatments o raw crude li%e Desalting? 3reheating etc.

• he dierent outputs rom the CD: unit o ;uwahati +einery are #3;? #ight gasoline#;9?

5ea&y ;asoline5;9? 7ero-l? 7ero-ll? ;as oil = +educed Crude oil+CO eed to DC:9.

Composition o crude oil>

Crude oil contains around 8-8)K car$on? 11-1(K hydrogen? and oAygen? nitrogen and other

metals Ni? < etc.9 constitute the remaining.

4ain Constituents o 3etroleum hydrocar$ons>-

1. 3arainic hydrocar$onsal%anes9

. Naphthenic hydro-car$onscyclo-al%anes9

F. Eenene hydrocar$ons arenes9

H. :nsaturated hydrocar$onsoleins9

(. OAygen containing compounds>

'. ulphur compounds &ary rom traces to 8K9

). Nitrogen compounds &ary rom traces to 1K9


28/36

#O6 DI/;+/4

con-enser


29/36

$ru-eoil

storagetan4 pump

6< -esalter

/eries of 6<

$ol+ 1

con-enser

liui-

/tabilie- fee- foe %,

6<

furnace

$ol+

2

3erosene 1

3erosene 2

as oil

$O ( to D$!)

6ea"y gasoline

210 -eg

11; -eg

2@0 -eg

;@= -eg

1=0 -eg


30/36

DE%&8ED $O3E !.#T(D$!)

• 'he feed to !e processed in the unit is Reduced Crude oil )*"+ .

• 'he process !y &hich heavy residual oil is con#erted into lo&er molecular &eight

hydrocar!on is kno&n as Theory of coking.

• The process thermally cracs the long chain hydrocar.onmolecules in the resi-ual oil fee- into shorter chain molecules+

• &t a temperature of /01 0 $ temperature the larger hy-rocarbonmolecules of high boiling ranges are thermally -ecompose- to smallerlo' boiling molecules thereby pro-ucing lo'er boiling light an- mi--le-istillates such as gasoline erosene an- gas oil at the same time+

• /ome of the molecules 'hich are reacti"e com.ine 'ith one anothergi"ing e"en larger molecules than those present in the original stoc4

forming resi-ual fuel oil an- *etroleum coe+• On completion of 2= hours of *lling the coe cham.er is isolated

F$o4e from the *lle- co4e chamber is cut an- cleare- by hydraulic 2ets operating at a pressure of about 001g3cm2


31/36

68DOE. E.E&TO !.#T( 6!)

• :sed or the generation o hydrogen

• Di&ided into siA main sections-

eed treatment

3re-reorming +eorming

5eat reco&ery

hit

3roduct reco&ery

eed>

traight run naptha

#+: o gas


32/36

6y-rotreater !nit (6DT)

• he purpose is to meet Eharath stage III speciication o diesel and to produce

%erosene o high smo%e pint.

• It recei&es its hydrogen requirements rom the 5;:.

+e plant deal" $it follo$ing fuel">

• Crude oil

• 4otor spirit• traight run naphtha +N9

• /&iation tur$ine uel /9

• uperior %erosene 7O9

• 5igh speed diesel 5D9

• #ight diesel oil #DO9

• #ow sulphur hea&y stoc% #59

Input feed> Diesel in the orm o +7 II? +;O? C7-I? C;O.

Product": 43? uperior %erosene? /&iation ur$ine uel.


33/36

#/OM

• $t is a unit &here the octane num!er of petrol is increased and &here normal

paraffins are separated from a mixed stream of normal paraffins and non-normal

hydrocar!ons.

• EED : ,E'H% H/D*O0E,+

• ,OD!$T : $SO,E'H *OD"'S.

The #/OM !nit is -i"i-e- into four sections

• Fresh feed circuit.

• dsor!er section circuit.• 1ake up and recycle gas circuit.

• Sta!ili2er section circuit.


34/36

O#% MO:EME.T F /TO&E

• his is the unit o the reinery where the storage and mo&ement o the products

are controlled.

here are three %inds o tan%s or storing liquids in the reinery these are>

• i,ed roof tan%

• loating roof tan%• i,ed and floating roof tan%.

:ses o tan%

• 5ea&ier hydrocar$ons li%e 5D?

3etrol are stored in iAed roo tan%s.

• 6hile smaller hydrocar$ons li%e

/? Naptha? uel gas etc while are

more li%ely to &aporise are stored in loating roo tan%s.

• Crude Oil is stored in loating roo tan%.

• #3; is stored in a specially designed spherical tan% called 5orton phere


35/36

,%&..#. &.D M.TE.E.$E

#n re*neries planning is reuire- -ue to the follo'ing reasons7

• 'o increase the run length of #arious mechanical or other e3uipments.

• 'o pre#ent !reakdo&n of e3uipments.

• 'o a#oid unplanned shut down.

• 'o increase the amount of profit+

Objecti"e o- maintenance

• 'o pro#ide maintenance ser#ices at right tie &ith right !uality and &ith

iniu e"penditure of resources and time for supplying the right 3uality of

products in time

• dherence to the #afety$ %ealth & 'nvironent friendly practices Types of maintenence

• Shutdo&n or 'urn around maintenance.

• redicti#e or ondition 4ased maintenance .

• re#enti#e or 'ime 4ased maintenance


36/36

$O.$%!/#O.

I got a wonderful opportunity to do my

vocational training at IOCL Guwahati

renery. It had bridged the gap betweentheory and practice. I had the experience

to see the industrial process practically,

which I have nown only theoretically.

Internship Presentation Indian oil(IOCL)

Documents

Transcript of Internship Presentation Indian oil(IOCL)