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Transcript of Internet del futuro Prof. Maurizio Dècina Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza,...
Internet del futuro
Prof.Maurizio Dècina
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 1
The Internet of the Future
Social NetworksSemantic WebInternet of ThingsWeb Services
Incr
easi
ng K
now
ledg
e N
etw
orki
ng
Increasing Social Networking
The Semantic Web(knowledge)
The Social Web(people)
The Ubiquitous Web(people & objects)
The Web(information)
After Nova Spivak, Radar Networks & Mills Davis, Project 10x
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 2
The Network of the Future
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 3
Internet Architecture & Network Technologies
Spectrum Efficient Radio Access
Application server
Optical switching
High Speed Broadband Access
Personal spaceAd-Hoc mesh
relay
Cellular and beyond
Gateway
BroadcastCooperating Objects/Sensor
Networks
Public Internet
Opticaltransmission
Application server
Operator A
Operator B
Converged & Optical Networks
European Commission,Information Society & Media
Internet with Things
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 4
Internet + Internet of Things = Wisdom of the Earth
Internet of Things
Internet of People
IndustrialPlants
Storage &Logistics
Vehicles &Transportation
Personal Sensors
Smart Buildings &
Homes
e-Health
Smart Meters
EnvironmentMonitoring &
Control
Mobile Services
Smart Cities
109
1012
SensingApplications
WSN 6LoWPAN & ROLL
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 5
Extended LoWPAN
Local Server
Simple LoWPAN
R
H
RH
R RR
HH
R
H
INTERNET
Backhaul linkRouter
Backbonelink
Ad-hoc LoWPAN
RemoteServer
RH
RR
HH
R
H
RR
HH
H
Sources: 6LoWPAN, The Wireless Embedded Internet, Shelby & Bormann, 2009
Routing Over Low power and Lossy networks (ROLL)Standard routing algorithm for embedded appsApplication specific requirements
• Home automation• Commercial building automation• Industrial automation• Urban environment
IPv6-LoWPAN Router StackEdgeRouter
EdgeRouter
Router
6
Representing & Identifying Things
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
• Any Virtual Object is addressable• Every Virtual Object can be dynamically
associated to a User Identity• Every user can have control over a
specific virtualized object or aggregation of objects
• For each Real Object there is a representation in the cloud for duplications, synchronization, re-creation of the object, etc.
• Actions and events on the Real Object act on network images and clones, and vice versa
Source: Dion Hinchcliffe, 2008
URI type formatWeb markup HTML, XHTMLData XML, ATOM, JSONImages JPG, SVG, PNGVideo MPEG, AVI, H.264Code Jsvascript, SWF
WOA/Client
Interactvia HTTP
An Individual, UniquelyAddressable Resource
Web- OrientedArchitecture
(WOA)
ResourceExamples:Web pageCustomer OrdersProductsBlog postsStock quotesGeolocationsMap tilesHeadshotsCall recordsPodcastsAjax componentsWeb widgetsAdvertisementsOpenOffice docs
• Non exhaustive list of possible representations• Links (URIs) to globally unique resources, in lieu of copies
Programming the Web of Things
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 7
Embedded Web ServicesCoRE, Constrained RESTful EnvironmentCoAP, Constrained Application ProtocolDPWS, Device Profile for Web Services Source: Lieven Trappeniers, 2009
WoT 3.0
Design effortLow
Low
High
High
Use
r val
ue
Web 1.0Top-down
applications
Web 2.0Bottom-up
applications
Internet of ThingsDiY
applications
Cloud Computing Taxonomy
Behavioral Cloudonomics by Joe Weinman, 2010
HYBRID CLOUD
PRIVATE CLOUD
PUBLIC CLOUD
COMMUNITY
DEDICATED
PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS)
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)
INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS)
SERV
ICE
CATE
GO
RIES
BUSINESS PROCESSES AS A SERVICE (BPAAS)
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 8
Old and New Internet Models
Source: Craig Labowitz, Arbor Networks , April, 2011
NAP: Neutral Access PointIXP: Internet Exchange Point
Consumer and business customers
LocalAccess
Providers
Customer Networks
RegionalAccess
Providers
NationalBackbone Operators
NAPNAP
Tier 1 ISP
ISP2ISP1 ISP3
Settlement free
Pay for transit BW
Pay for access BW
ISP1
Customer Networks
Regional/Tier2
Providers
Global Internet
Core
ISP2
“Hyper Giants”
Consumer and business customers
IXPIXP
ISP1
Global Transit/National
Backbones
“Hyper Giants”Content, CDN, Consumer
Flatter and much more densely interconnected InternetDisintermediation between content and eyeball networks
New commercial models between content, consumer and transit
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 9
Managed Internet Services (QoS)
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 10
Cloud Computing
Internet of Things
Smart Grid
e-Health
IntelligentVehicle
Transportation
The transformation of the energy sector (especially electricity) is based on a substantial supply of ICT infrastructure components able to "activate“ the energy transport network
The emerging need for health and social care (also associated with the growth of population life expectancy) finds in ICT a chance to increase effectiveness and efficiency
The spread of cheap and pervasive computing capacity and sensors opens the way for automation applications and mass market Web applications involving personal and public smart objects
ICT offers opportunities to support the growing need of security, safety and efficiency in the transportation sector, in particular for vehicles traffic automation and control
The evolution to on-demand service models, enabled by virtualization and communication networks, offers the opportunity to further advanced scenarios of "utility computing "
Mobile NFC Applications
SECURE
Card Emulation ModeTransaction:Mobile payments, Ticketing, Access control, Transit, Top-ups, Toll gate
Peer to peer CommunicationsConnectivity:Data transfer: fast, easy & convenient device association, setup & configuration
Reader ModeService Discovery:Content distribution, Information access, Smart advertising
Source: NFC Forum, 2008
Alcatel-Lucent Wallet PhoneTata Docomo, Active Poster m-HealthWave & PayMaurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 11
Future Mobile Device
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 12
Sour
ces:
from
Qua
lcom
m, U
SI,
2010
Out the irrelevant
KNOWSYou and what is
around you
LEARNSWhat you like
DISCOVERSThings relevant to
you
SENSINGLocal content &
service discovery
SEEINGAugmented reality UI
Map, 3D, in building navigation
INTERACTINGConnection manager
FILTERS
Massive scale computations (billions of simultaneous transactions) needed to mash up personal data, preferences, real world data, and device capability
Internet of Things, Big Data &Collective Intelligence
Big Data
Universe of smart objects
personal, social & public objects
People, personal spaces& social networks
Mobile Devices
SmartObjects
PeopleServers & storageAnalysis engines
Virtual people, devices& objects
Distributed Cloud
MirrorWorld
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 13
Wireline vs. Wireless Peak Access Bandwidth
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
GSM UMTS
HSPA
HSPA+LTE
LTE-Advanced
LTE-Beyond
ISDN
ADSL
ADSL2+VDSL2
GPON
10GPON
WDM-PON
NG-PON2Wireline & Wireless Public AccessAggregated Bandwidth Peaks
Source: M. Dècina, 2011
1 Terabit/s
100 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
1 Gbit/s
100 Mbit/s
10 Mbit/s
1 Mbit/s
100 kbit/s
10 kbit/s
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 14
Reti «convergenti» fisse e mobili
Central Unit CU(baseband, BBU)
RRU
RRU
RN
DWDM PON
DWDM PON
RRU
Micro/Pico Cell Cluster
RN
Common Public Radio Interface over Optical Networks
Micro/Pico Cell Cluster
DWDM PON
Micro Cell Cluster
DWDM RING
Cove
rage
Are
a
Macro cells
Micro cells
Pico/Femto cells
User Capacity/Throughput
RRU - Antenna & RF
Assets
Alcatel-LucentLightRadio
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 15
Converged Access and Aggregation
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013 16
Optical Packet Backbone30 PoP AreasPoP A
BNAS
SNSNSN
Legacy GWOLO kdc
BB PoP BBNAS
SNSNSN
Legacy GW OLO kdc
ISw
BB
CNMobile
CNMobile
AgN
ON ON
ON
ANAccess Site
DWDM (mesh & ring)
AN
SN
AgN
ON
BB
Optical Node
Access Node
Aggregation Node
Service Node
BackBone Node
CDN
DPI
NAT
ISw Intra PoP Switch
Content Delivery
Deep Packet Inspection
Address Translation
SNSNSN SNSNSN
Access Site
ON
AN
AN
Access Site
ON
ANSN
CDN
Access Site
Access Site<
Access Site
AN AN AN
DPI, NAT & CacheBNAS blades
AgN
AgN
ISw
L1
L1
L2
L3
L3
NAT NAT
CDNDPI
CDN
DPI
17
Piattaforme di controllo e servizio
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
SBC: Session Border ControllerHSS: Home Subscriber Server DAM: Digital Asset ManagementDPI: Deep Packet InspectionMME: Mobility Management EntityPDNG: Packet Data Network GTW
Mobile 2G/3G/4G
POP
MSCDPI
HLR
Content MgmtDAM CDN
Policy ManagerMessaging
ASCSCF
HSSIMS
MMEDPI
GGSN
PDNG
SGSN
Mobile CoreIP Edge
SBC
Convergenza ?
Acce
sso
ASCSCF
HSSIMS
PEBNAS
Aggregation / Metro
Fisso BB
18
Software Defined Networks
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
Rete tradizionale
Feature FF
OS
Custom Hardware
Feature FF
OS
Custom Hardware
Feature FF
OS
Custom Hardware
Well-defined open API
Hardwarestandard
Hardwarestandard Hardware
standard
Open interface to packet forwarding
Feature/App
Network OS
Controller
Feature/App. . .
Separazione del Piano di Controllo dal Piano Dati; il controllo diventa ‘logicamente’ centralizzato nel Network Operating Systems (NOS)
API aperte sia con i nodi (es. oggi con OpenFlow) sia con le applicazioni, permettendo attraverso una serie di astrazioni la programmabilità di rete
Integrazione tra i domini IT e di Rete
Aumento della flessibilità e velocità di innovazione
Riduzione degli investimenti Semplificazione delle procedure
operative
Abstract Network View
19
Architettura di rete del futuro
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
IP Platform
Optical Platform
Aggregation Metro Core
Access
Wireline
Wireless
Iaas, PaaS, SaaS,CaaS, NaaS,…
+
Network Services
API
Network OSAbstract Network View
API
API
TelcoServices
Ecosystem of Services
Third Party ServicesFuture
LearningRetail
EvolutionEnterpriseProcesses
VirtualEnv.ss
Future ofEnergy
20
Nomi e indirizzi per mobilità: 3GPP
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
• Nomi– IMSI – International Mobile Subscriber Number– Temporary IMSI: TIMSI
• Indirizzi– MSISDN Number– MSRN - Roaming Number– HON – Hand Over Number
HLR
VLR MSC
ServiceArea
ServiceArea
ServiceArea
GMSC HLR
VLR MSC
ServiceArea
ServiceArea
ServiceArea
GMSC
Cellular Operator A Cellular Operator B
Roaming Number
MSC
BSC
CellsMobile
ServiceArea A
ServiceArea B
Hand Over Number
21
Distributed Hash Table - DHTChord: Query Routing
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
• Properties – Routing table size O(log(N)), where
N is the total number of nodes– Guarantees that a file is found in
O(log(N)) steps• Routing Rule
Upon receiving a query for item id, a node
– Checks whether stores the item locally
– If not, forwards the query to the largest node in its successor table that does not exceed id, or that is equal or immediately greater than id
01
2
34
5
6
7 i id+2i succ0 2 21 3 62 5 6
Succ. Table
i id+2i succ0 3 61 4 62 6 6
Succ. Table
i id+2i succ0 1 11 2 22 4 6
Succ. Table
i id+2i succ0 7 01 0 02 2 2
Succ. Table
query(7)
N Nodes, K Items: each node k stores items with id ≤ k
Hash size=3 bit4 nodes, 8 items
Items 7; 0
Items3; 4; 5; 6
Item 1
Item 2
22
Content Centric Networking
• NDO – Named Data Object • Web page• Document• Movie• Photo• Song• Streaming media• Interactive media…
• Namespace: hierarchical vs. flat• NRS – Name Resolution Service
• Routing of NDO request• Routing of NDO back to requester
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
23
Content Centric NetworkingData Oriented Network Architecture, DONA
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
Resolution Handlers
24
Content Centric Networking Publish Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm - PSIRP
Maurizio Dècina, Internet del futuro, Roma La Sapienza, 22 maggio 2013
SI: Scope IDRI: Rendezvous IDFI: Forward ID Requester