INTERNET

INTERNETINTERNET

By Ms. FordBy Ms. Ford

Information obtained from: Internet for Dummies, John R. Levine et. al as well as the internet – Ask Jeeves & various company sites.

Internet Defined - Internet Defined -

A system that lets computers all A system that lets computers all over the world talk to each over the world talk to each

other and share information.other and share information.

Getting ConnectedGetting Connected

• Step 1 – Decide which type of Step 1 – Decide which type of internet connection you will use:internet connection you will use:

Types of Internet ConnectionsTypes of Internet ConnectionsService Service TypeType

SpeedSpeed DescriptionDescription

Telephone Telephone lineline

28.8 - 56 28.8 - 56 KbpsKbps

Normal telephone Normal telephone lineline

Digital Digital subscriber subscriber line (DSL)line (DSL)

Up to 9 MbpsUp to 9 Mbps High peed High peed connection across connection across regular telephone regular telephone wireswires

Cable Cable ModemModem

Up to 2.5 Up to 2.5 MbpsMbps

Uses television Uses television cablecable

SatelliteSatellite ?? Uses satellite Uses satellite transmissiontransmission

““T” LinesT” Lines Up to 45 Up to 45 MbpsMbps

Super high-speed Super high-speed

Kbps = thousands of bits per second Mbps = Millions of bits per seconds


• Step 2 – Determine who you will Step 2 – Determine who you will use for your Internet Service use for your Internet Service ProviderProvider

Internet Service Providers-Internet Service Providers-

ISP’s connect your computer to the ISP’s connect your computer to the internet. internet. Examples:Examples:• America Online (AOL)America Online (AOL)• CompuserveCompuserve• NetZeroNetZero• PeoplePCPeoplePC• Yahoo DSLYahoo DSL


• Step 3 – Install the communication Step 3 – Install the communication software from your Internet software from your Internet Service ProviderService Provider


• Step 4 – Install a Web Browser Step 4 – Install a Web Browser program.program.

Web Browsers-Web Browsers-

Since the internet includes text, Since the internet includes text, pictures, sound and other pictures, sound and other information stored on computers all information stored on computers all over the world, you need a browser over the world, you need a browser program to display the pages.program to display the pages.

• Examples:Examples:•Internet ExplorerInternet Explorer•Netscape NavigatorNetscape Navigator

• Title Bar = Name of the document

• Menu Bar = Provides options related to Web Pages

• Toolbar = Icons for single-click access

• Address Bar/Location Bar = Contains the URL

• Go Button = Connects you to the address

Internet Explorer Internet Explorer

Internet Explorer Internet Explorer ContinuedContinued

• Document Window = Active Web Page

• Status Bar = Shows progress of Web Page Transactions

• Access Indicator = Small picture, when animated, it means that your browser is accessing data.

Web PagesWeb Pages

• Web Pages are written and published by:Web Pages are written and published by:•Associations & Organizations (.org)Associations & Organizations (.org)•Government Agencies (.gov)Government Agencies (.gov)•Schools & Universities (.edu)Schools & Universities (.edu)•Corporations & Private Businesses Corporations & Private Businesses

(.com)(.com)•Network Providers (.net)Network Providers (.net)•Military Organizations (.mil)Military Organizations (.mil)

Uniform Resource Locator-Uniform Resource Locator-URL is the standard format used for URL is the standard format used for

addressing pages and other stuff on the addressing pages and other stuff on the internet.internet.

http://www.ecps.org/blockhttp://www.ecps.org/blockhttphttp – HyperText Transfer Protocol, the way in – HyperText Transfer Protocol, the way in

which world wide web pages are transferredwhich world wide web pages are transferredwwwwww – World Wide Web – World Wide Web

ecpsecps – Domain Name of Host Server – Domain Name of Host Server.org.org – Type of entity (organization) – Type of entity (organization)

/block/block – Page on website – Page on website

• www.purdue.eduwww.purdue.edu• wwwwww-World Wide Web-World Wide Web• purduepurdue – domain name of host server – domain name of host server • eduedu – education website – education website

• www.cia.gov/cia/publicationwww.cia.gov/cia/publicationss• www www – World Wide Web– World Wide Web• cia cia – domain name of host server– domain name of host server• gov gov – government website– government website• cia/publicationscia/publications – page on website – page on website

Website-Website-

• A collection of Web A collection of Web pages devoted to a pages devoted to a single topic or single topic or organization.organization.

Web PagesWeb Pages

An ordinary text page An ordinary text page that is coded with a that is coded with a

programming programming language called language called

Hypertext Markup Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).Language (HTML). This language lets This language lets the text include the text include

codes that define codes that define fonts, the layout, fonts, the layout,

graphics etc.graphics etc.

HyperLinks-HyperLinks-

A hypertext connection that can take A hypertext connection that can take you to another document or another you to another document or another part of the same document.part of the same document.• Appear as text or pictures that are a Appear as text or pictures that are a different color, are underlined or both. different color, are underlined or both.

http://http://www.ecps.orgwww.ecps.org/block/block• Images can also be linked to other Images can also be linked to other

places.places.

Searching the WebSearching the Web• Search Engines – Organizations that have Search Engines – Organizations that have

indexed the entire WWW. indexed the entire WWW. • YahooYahoo

• category-based category-based • have about a million other things linked to their site, have about a million other things linked to their site,

such as a Yahooligans, a search engine for kids. such as a Yahooligans, a search engine for kids. • Can use dictionary by typing ``define ironic'', Can use dictionary by typing ``define ironic'', • Can receive weather forecasts by typing ``weather East Can receive weather forecasts by typing ``weather East

Chicago Indiana''. Chicago Indiana''.

• Google Google • ranks pages by relevance, so first pages are usually the ranks pages by relevance, so first pages are usually the

ones that bear most directly on the topicones that bear most directly on the topic• has indexes of images,current news stories from online has indexes of images,current news stories from online

sources around the world. Etc.sources around the world. Etc.

Searching the Web – Cont.Searching the Web – Cont.

To sharpen search request, follow these tips:To sharpen search request, follow these tips:1.1. Bookmark site once find it.Bookmark site once find it.2.2. Always use the most unique keyword phrase to Always use the most unique keyword phrase to

describe what you are looking for.describe what you are looking for.3.3. Capitalization can determine what you will find, Capitalization can determine what you will find,

lowercase results will include both uppercase lowercase results will include both uppercase and lowercase.and lowercase.

4.4. Place in quotations, words that should appear Place in quotations, words that should appear together in search results.together in search results.

5.5. To connect words include either a + sign directly To connect words include either a + sign directly before the word or use the word before the word or use the word andand to connect to connect the two words.the two words.

Miscellaneous Web Miscellaneous Web InformationInformation

• Know the difference between email addresses & Know the difference between email addresses & Website addresses:Website addresses:• anything with an @ sign (i.e. [email protected], anything with an @ sign (i.e. [email protected],

[email protected]) is an email address, anything [email protected]) is an email address, anything with www or http is a WWW address (i.e. with www or http is a WWW address (i.e. http://www.nwrel.org, www.washingtonpost.com) http://www.nwrel.org, www.washingtonpost.com)

• Deal with the dreaded 404 errors: File Not Found Deal with the dreaded 404 errors: File Not Found • Check your spelling - Web addresses must be exact Check your spelling - Web addresses must be exact • Start going back in the URL - you may be able to find Start going back in the URL - you may be able to find

what you need by backing up directories what you need by backing up directories • If a webpage doesn't come up or is taking a long If a webpage doesn't come up or is taking a long

time to load, try the Refresh or Reload button - time to load, try the Refresh or Reload button - sometimes this will load the page better. sometimes this will load the page better.


• Plug-ins are additional Plug-ins are additional programs that help your programs that help your computer to run or view extra computer to run or view extra programs on the Web. programs on the Web. • Adobe Acrobat PDF Files. Adobe Acrobat PDF Files. • Real Video files. This allows you to watch videos and Real Video files. This allows you to watch videos and

hear audio clips on the web. hear audio clips on the web. • Zip files. Files with a .zip extension are files which have Zip files. Files with a .zip extension are files which have

been compressed to save space. To view these files, you been compressed to save space. To view these files, you must "unzip" them by using a specific software program. must "unzip" them by using a specific software program.


• Most company Websites use the format Most company Websites use the format of http://www.companyname.com - try of http://www.companyname.com - try this before using a search engine or this before using a search engine or directory. directory.

• Viruses are everywhere.. Be careful Viruses are everywhere.. Be careful about files you download or that you about files you download or that you receive attached to emails. Opening an receive attached to emails. Opening an email can't infect your computer, but email can't infect your computer, but opening a file attached to an email can. opening a file attached to an email can. Make sure you've got virus protection Make sure you've got virus protection software installed and that you update software installed and that you update their "virus definition" files at least their "virus definition" files at least monthly.monthly.

INTERNET

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