International Transport System

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Internationaltransport system

BY :Prof Dheeraj Tiwari


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International logistics

International logistics Logistics costs

comprise between 10% and 30% ofthe total landed costs of aninternational order. Thus,

international logistics is acompetitive tool.


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DefinitionInternational Logistics is design andmanagement of a system that controls theflow of materials into, through, and out ofthe international corporation. By taking asystems approach, the firm explicitlyrecognizes the linkages among the

traditionally separate logistics componentswithin and outside the corporation


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Basic goal of logisticsBasic goal of logisticsA Materials Management: timely

movement of raw materials Parts, andsupplies into and through the firm; and

B - Physical Distribution: movements of the

firms finished products to its customers.


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Differences betweenDomestic and International

LogisticsLogistics Distance Currency variation

Border-Crossing Process (additionalintermediaries) Transportationmodes Packaging and Labelingrequirements Infrastructure


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International

Transportation IssuesInternational Transportation IssuesSome countries may have excellentinbound and outbound transportationsystems but weak internaltransportation links. New routs ofcommerce have opened up Extreme

variations also exist in the frequencyof transportation services.


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Availability of ModesAvailability of Modes Ocean Shipping:liner service (regularly scheduled

passage);tramp service (available for irregular

routes and scheduled on demand)

Container ships, Roll-on-Roll-off(RORO) Air Shipping


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Choice of Modes :

Choice of Modes Predictability:

tracking Transit Time


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International Ocean

Transportation International Ocean TransportationTypes of service

Liner ships Tramp ships


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Liner ships : Liner ships Liner ships travel on a

regular voyage ,following a preestablished schedule withdetermined ports of call


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Tramp ships : Tramp ships They do not operate onregular schedule but travel wherever

the company using the vessel wantsthe cargo delivered.Usually it carryone type of cargo at a time, for oneexporter or importer.


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Types of vesselTypes of vessel :Container Ships, Roll-

on/Roll-off ships, Break bulk ships,Combination ships, Lash ships,Crude carriers ,Dry bulk carriersGas Carriers


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lighter aboard ship

(LASH) The lighter aboard ship (LASH) systemrefers to the practice of loading barges(lighters) aboard a larger vessel fortransport. It was developed in response toa need to transport lighters, a type ofunpowered barge, between The inland

waterways separated by open seas. Thecarrier ships are known variously as LASHcarriers, barge carriers, kangaroo shipsor lighter transport ships.[1]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_%28barge%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_%28barge%29


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LASH


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ROLL- ON/ ROLL- OFF


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CONTAINER SHIP


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Break Bulk Ship


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CRUDE/TANKER SHIP


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DRY BULK CARRIER


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GAS CARRIER SHIP


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COMBINATION SHIP


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Conference shipping :

Conference shipping :A group ofshipping companies that operate

vessels competing in the same tradelanes, and they have legally agreed tonot compete on price and chargesame amount for same type of cargoand the same voyage.


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Non conference

shippingNon-conference shipping is provided by theindependent carrier or operator of vessel who isnot a member of a freight conference, sometimes

called outside shipping Independent carriers,which carry about 25% of the ocean freight,operate on selected trade routes in competitionwith conference carriers. Non-conferenceshipping often does not have regular sailingschedules and freight rates between ports.Consequently, it is perceived as less dependablethan conference shipping


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NVOCC NVOCC( Non vessel operatingcommon carriers) - They do not own

and operate ships ;They purchasespace on a ship on a given voyage andsell this space to companies thatneed to ship cargo.


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International Air

transportationTypes of air crafts

1.Passenger air planes2.Combis

3.Airfreighters

4 Charters


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Multi modal

transportationMulti modal transportation Multimodaltransport means at least two different

modes of transportation. In exportshipping, it refers to delivery using acombination of usually ocean and land (railor road) carriers, and using only oneshipping document known as bill of lading

issued usually by the ocean shippingcompany or its agent.


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Customhouse broker

/Agents In general, the role of brokers is the sameworldwide. clearing of goods throughcustoms, booking of space for ocean, airand land freight, canvassing and providingthe freight cost, preparation of exportdocuments. . The broker also renders the

forwarding services as a Freightforwarders


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Packaging for Export Packaging for Export Protecting the

goods in transit from breakageProtecting the goods from waterdamage Protecting the goods frompilferage


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Ocean cargo

Ocean cargo FCL LCL Break bulk

cargo


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Transportation documents

Bill of lading

Air way bill Packing list

from shipping company


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B/L : B/L A Bill of of lading is afundamental shipping document used

in ocean transportation. 1. It is acontract of carriage It is a receiptfor the goods It is a certificate fortitle


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Air way bill : Air way bill An air way bill is a

document that fulfills the samefunction as an ocean bill of lading,But it is non negotiable


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Packing list Packing list A packing list always

accompanies the shipment. It is adocument provided by the exporterthat spell out packing in acargo/shipment in detail.


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Certificates from

Shipping company Certificates from Shipping company

Certificate to prove the age of theship Declaration regarding enrootingof vessel to reach the destination.Other relevant certificate as

required by the importer


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THANK YOU

International Transport System

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