Demographic characteristics of international migration

Women comprised slightly less than half of all international migrants. The share of women in the total number of international migrants fell from 49.3 per cent in 2000 to 47.9 per cent in 2019. The share of migrant women varied across regions. In 2019, the percentage of females among all international migrants was highest in Northern America (51.8 per cent) and Europe (51.4 per cent). Oceania (50.4 per cent), Latin America and the Caribbean (49.9 per cent), Central and Southern Asia (49.4 per cent), and Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (49.3 per cent) hosted an almost equal proportion of female and male migrants. The proportion of female migrants was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa (47.5 per cent) and Northern Africa and Western Asia (35.5 per cent).

The median age of international migrants worldwide was 39 years in 2019. International migrants living in sub-Saharan Africa were the youngest, with a median age of 30.9 years in 2019, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean (33.8 years), Northern Africa and Western Asia (34.0 years), and Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (35.7 years). In contrast, migrants were older in Central and Southern Asia (40.8 years), Europe (42.7 years), Oceania (42.9 years), and Northern America (43.5 years).

One out of every seven international migrants was below the age of 20. In 2019, the number of international migrants below age 20 reached 38 million, or 13.9 per cent of the global migrant stock. Sub-Saharan Africa hosted the highest proportion of young persons among all international migrants (27.3 per cent), followed by Latin America and the Caribbean, and Northern Africa and Western Asia (21.6 per cent each). The share of those under age 20 among all migrants was smaller in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (13.3 per cent), Central and Southern Asia (13.2 per cent), Oceania (11 per cent), Europe, and Northern America (8.8 per cent each).

Three out of every four international migrants were of working age. In 2019, 202 million international migrants, equivalent to 74.2 per cent of the global migrant stock, were between the ages of 20 and 64. More than three quarters of international migrants were of working age in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (77.4 per cent), Europe (76.8 per cent), and Northern America (75.1 per cent). The share of persons of working age among all international migrants was smaller in Northern Africa and Western Asia (73.9 per cent), Central and Southern Asia (70.9 per cent), Oceania (70.3 per cent), Latin America and the Caribbean (68.9 per cent), and sub-Saharan Africa (68.2 per cent).

In 2019, approximately 32 million international migrants, or 11.8 per cent of the global migrant stock, were aged 65 years or over. Oceania recorded the highest share of older persons among all international migrants in 2019 (18.8 per cent), followed by Northern America, Central and Southern Asia, and Europe (16.2 per cent, 15.9 per cent, and 14.4 per cent, respectively). International migrants aged 65 or over represented 9.5 per cent of all migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean, 9.2 per cent in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, 4.5 per cent in Northern Africa and Western Asia, and 4.5 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa.

Refugees and asylum-seekers

In 2017, the number of refugees and asylum-seekers worldwide was nearly 29 million. Two thirds of all refugees and asylum-seekers lived in Northern Africa and Western Asia (13.1 million) and sub-Saharan Africa (5.9 million). Central and Southern Asia as well as Europe each hosted 3.6 million refugees and asylum-seekers. The remaining four regions hosted a combined total of 2.5 million refugees and asylum-seekers.

Around 10.6 per cent of all international migrants were refugees and asylum-seekers. The share of refugees and asylum-seekers in the total number of migrants was an estimated 27 per cent in Northern Africa and Western Asia, 25.2 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa, and 18.4 per cent in Central and Southern Asia. By contrast, refugees and asylum-seekers represented 5.2 per cent of international migrants in Latin America and the Caribbean, 4.4 per cent in Europe, 3.5 per cent in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, 1.9 per cent in Northern America, and 1.2 per cent in Oceania.

Migrant remittances

In 2018, migrant remittances reached an estimated US$688 billion globally. Remittances to developing countries have risen from around US$76 billion in 2000 to an estimated US$498 billion in 2018. Countries in Europe recorded the highest inflow of remittances in 2018 (US$173 billion), followed by Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (US$155 billion), Central and Southern Asia (US$142 billion), Latin America and the Caribbean (US$90 billion), Northern Africa and Western Asia (US$69 billion), sub-Saharan Africa (US$46 billion), Northern America (US$9 billion), and Oceania (US$4 billion).

Legal instruments related to international migration

Ratification of legal instruments related to international migration increased, but remained uneven. By 2019, the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol had been ratified by 146 and 147 Member States or Permanent Observer States of the United Nations, respectively. Likewise, 147 countries had ratified the protocol seeking to stem migrant smuggling, and 172 countries had ratified the protocol to combat human trafficking. However, only 54 United Nations Member States, or around one quarter of all countries, had ratified the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families.

Two global compacts related to international migration were adopted by a majority of United Nations Member States in December 2018. Of 193 Member States, 181 states voted in favour of the adoption of the Global Compact on Refugees, while 152 states voted in favour of the adoption of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.

FiveFourThreeOne or twoNoneNo data

10 billion or over1 billion to less than 10 billion200 million to less than 1 billion50 million to less than 200 millionLess than 50 millionNo data

Data source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). International Migrant Stock 2019. Available at: www.unmigration.org. The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upon by India and Pakistan. The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been agreed upon by the parties. Final boundary between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan has not yet been determined. A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).

Ratification of legal instruments related to international migration, 2019

Inflows of migrant remittances, 2018 (US$)

Age and sex distribution of international migrants by SDG region, 2019 (percentage)

International migrants as a percentage of total population, 2019

20 per cent or over10 to less than 20 per cent5 to less than 10 per cent1 to less than 5 per centLess than 1 per centNo data

Countries with the largest numbers of international migrants, 2000 and 2019 (millions)

International migrants by SDG region, 2000 and 2019 (millions)

Percentage of females among all international migrants, 2019

55 per cent or over50 to less than 55 per cent45 to less than 50 per cent40 to less than 45 per centLess than 40 per centNo data

Data source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). International Migrant Stock 2019. Available at: www.unmigration.org. The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upon by India and Pakistan. The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been agreed upon by the parties. Final boundary between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan has not yet been determined. A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).

International Migration 2019 Population Division

www.unpopulation.org

Levels and trends in international migration

In 2019, the number of international migrants worldwide was nearly 272 million, up from 221 million in 2010 and 174 million in 2000. More than half of all international migrants lived in Europe (82 million) or Northern America (59 million). Northern Africa and Western Asia hosted the third largest number of international migrants (49 million), followed by sub-Saharan Africa (24 million), Central and Southern Asia (20 million), Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (18 million), Latin America and the Caribbean (12 million), and Oceania (9 million).

About 3.5 per cent of the world population were international migrants, compared to 2.8 per cent in 2000. The share of international migrants in total population varied considerably across regions. Oceania (21.2 per cent), Northern America (16.0 per cent), Europe (11.0 per cent), and Northern Africa and Western Asia (9.4 per cent) recorded the highest proportions of international migrants in the total population. By contrast, international migrants represented 2.2 per cent of the total population in sub-Saharan Africa, 1.8 per cent in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1.0 per cent in Central and Southern Asia, and 0.8 per cent in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia.

In many parts of the world, migration occurred primarily between countries within the same region. Most international migrants in sub-Saharan Africa (88.9 per cent), Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (83.1 per cent), Latin America and the Caribbean (72.5 per cent), Central and Southern Asia (63.0 per cent), and Europe (51.6) originated from another country in the same region where they resided. By contrast, the majority of international migrants that lived in Northern America (97.5 per cent), Oceania (87.9 per cent), and Northern Africa and Western Asia (59.4 per cent) were born in a region other than the one they were residing in.

In 2019, two thirds of all international migrants were living in just 20 countries. The largest number of international migrants (51 million) resided in the United States of America, equal to about 19 per cent of the world’s total. Germany and Saudi Arabia hosted the second and third largest numbers of migrants worldwide (around 13 million each), followed by the Russian Federation (12 million), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (10 million), and the United Arab Emirates (9 million). Of the 20 main destination countries of international migrants worldwide, seven were in Europe, four in Northern Africa and Western Asia, three in Central and Southern Asia, two in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, two in Northern America, and one each in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania.

Definitions

International migrants: The midyear (1 July) estimate of the number of people living in a country or area other than that in which they were born. Where the number of foreign-born was not available, the estimate refers to the number of people living in a country other than that of their citizenship. Data are presented in thousands.

International migrants as a share of total population: The number of international migrants divided by the total population. Data are expressed as percentages.

Females among all international migrants: The number of migrant women and girls divided by the total number of international migrants. Data are expressed as percentages.

International migrants by age group in 2019: The number of international migrants in a particular age group divided by the total number of international migrants. The data are shown for three age groups: 0-19, 20-64 and 65 or over. Data are expressed as percentages.

Median age of international migrants: The age that divides the migrant population in two parts of equal size, that is, there are as many persons with ages above the median as there are with ages below the median. Data are presented in years.

Migrants originating from the same SDG region: The number of international migrants born in a country of the same SDG region where they reside divided by the total number of international migrants residing in the country with known origin. Unknown origin residuals were not imputed. SDG sub-regions Europe and Northern America are treated separately. Data are expressed as percentages.

Refugees: The number of people that are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol or under the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa; those granted refugee status in accordance with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Statute; those granted humanitarian status or temporary protection by the State in which they find themselves; those in refugee-like situations; and Palestinian refugees registered with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). Data include asylum-seekers and are presented in thousands.

Refugees as a share of international migrants: The number of refugees and asylum-seekers in 2017 divided by the number of international migrants in 2019. Data are expressed as percentages.

Inflows of migrant remittances: Remittances are defined as the sum of three components: (a) workers’ remittances recorded under the heading “current transfers” in the current account of the balance of payments; (b) compensation of employees which includes wages, salaries, and other benefits of border, seasonal, and other nonresident workers (such as local staff of embassies) and which are recorded under the “income” subcategory of the current account; and (c) migrants’ transfers which are reported under “capital transfers” in the capital account of the IMF’s Balance of Payments Yearbook (item codes 2391, 2310, and 2431 respectively). Regional and other aggregates were calculated by the United Nations Population Division. All data are reported in current (nominal) US dollars and are presented in millions.

Ratification of legal instruments related to international migration: The legal instruments related to international migration ratified by each Member State or Permanent Observer State of the United Nations. The legal instruments refer to: (a) the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, (b) the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees, (c) the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, (d) the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, and (e) the 2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. Data are presented by type of legal instrument.

Adoption of global compacts: Countries that voted “Yes” on the adoption of the global compacts related to international migration in the 73rd General Assembly of the United Nations. The global compacts refer to: (A) the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, (B) the Global Compact on Refugees. Data are presented by type of global compact.

Sources

For the international migrants by sex, age and origin: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). International Migrant Stock 2019. See: www.unmigration.org.

For total population: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). World Population Prospects 2019. See: https://population.un.org/wpp/.

For refugees and asylum-seekers: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2019). UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database. See: http://popstats.unhcr.org. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) (2019). UNRWA in figures. See: www.unrwa.org.

For remittances: World Bank (2019). Annual Remittances Data: Migrant Remittance Inflows. See: http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/migrationremittancesdiasporaissues/brief/migration-remittances-data (as of April 2019).

For legal instruments: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 17 May 2019).

For global compacts: United Nations Digital Library; see https://digitallibrary.un.org (as of 21 May 2019).

5

7

11

20

13

20

40

57

9

12

18

20

24

49

59

82

Oceania

Latin America andthe Caribbean

Eastern and South-Eastern Asia

Central and SouthernAsia

Sub-Saharan Africa

Northern Africa andWestern Asia

Northern America

Europe

2019

2000

51

13

13

12

10

9

8

8

8

6

35

9

5

12

5

2

6

6

4

2

United States of America

Germany

Saudi Arabia

Russian Federation

United Kingdom

United Arab Emirates

France

Canada

Australia

Italy

2019

2000

8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Sub-Saharan Africa

Male Female

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Northern Africa and Western Asia

Male Female

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Central and Southern Asia

Male Female

8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Eastern and South-Eastern Asia

Male Female

8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Latin America and the Caribbean

Male Female

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Oceania

Male Female

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Europe

Male Female

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

0-4 5-9

10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74

75+

Northern America

Male Female

SSA

OCE

NAWA

NA

LAC

EUR

CSA

ESEA

UNK

SSA Sub-Saharan AfricaOCE OceaniaNAWA Northern Africa and Western AsiaNA Northern AmericaLAC Latin America and the CaribbeanEUR EuropeESEA Eastern and South-Eastern AsiaCSA Central and Southern AsiaUNK Unknown

The infographics represent international migration patterns as vectors from origin to destination by SDG regions. For more information on international migration patterns by origin and destination, please see www.unmigration.org.

International Migration 2019 Population Division

www.unpopulation.org

The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities.

The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs provides the international community with timely and accessible population data and analysis of population trends and development outcomes for all countries and areas of the world. To this end, the Division undertakes regular studies of population size and characteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on population and development issues to the United Nations General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Population and Development. It also leads or participates in various interagency coordination mechanisms of the United Nations system. The work of the Division also contributes to strengthening the capacity of Member States to monitor population trends and to address current and emerging population issues.

About International Migration 2019: Wall Chart

The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs issues new global estimates of the number of international migrants for all countries and areas of the world, disaggregated by age, sex, country of origin and country of destination. These data are published in the biennial updates of the International Migrant Stock dataset (available at: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/index.asp). This wall chart is based on the latest data on international migration for 232 countries and areas of the world from the 2019 revision of the International Migrant Stock dataset, covering the period from 1990 to 2019.

This publication is available in electronic format on the Division’s website at www.unpopulation.org. For further information about this publication, please contact the Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, Two United Nations Plaza, DC2-1950, New York, 10017, USA; phone: +1 212-963-3209; email: population@un.org.

Suggested citation:

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2019). International Migration 2019: Wall Chart (ST/ESA/SER/A/431).

Official symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with numbers, as illustrated in the above citation.

Published by the United Nations

eISBN: 978-92-1-004545-2

Copyright © 2019 by United Nations, made available under a Creative Commons license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/

InternationalMigration2019Wall Chart

Notes

The designations employed in this publication and the material presented in it do not imply the expression of any opinions whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

The term “country” as used in this publication also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas.

i. The designations “more developed regions” and “less developed regions” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.

ii. The country classification by income level is based on June 2018 GNI per capita from the World Bank. As data on the GNI are not available for all countries or areas, the migrant stock figures by income groups do not add up to the world total.

iii. Countries and areas are grouped geographically into six major areas designated as: Africa; Asia; Europe; Latin America and the Caribbean; Northern America, and Oceania.

iv. Countries and areas are grouped into seven Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) regions as defined by the United Nations Statistics Division and used for The Sustainable Development Goals Report (https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/regional-groups/).

v. More developed regions comprise Europe, Northern America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.

vi. Less developed regions comprise all regions of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), Latin America and the Caribbean plus Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.

vii. The group of least developed countries includes 47 countries: 32 in sub-Saharan Africa, 2 in Northern Africa and Western Asia, 4 in Central and Southern Asia, 4 in Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, 1 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 4 in Oceania. Further information is available at http://unohrlls.org/about-ldcs/.

viii. Among the seven geographic regions used for tracking progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), only sub-Saharan Africa lacks designated sub-regions (https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/regional-groups/). The four sub-regions used in this table for sub-Saharan Africa (Eastern Africa, Middle Africa, Southern Africa and Western Africa) have been borrowed from the “Standard country or area codes for statistical use (M49)” of the United Nations Statistics Division (https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/). Because of the magnitude of migrant stock in the SDG region Europe and Northern America and to maintain continuity with previous revisions of the international migrant stock produced by the Population Division, Europe, combining the four sub-regions Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe and Western Europe, and the sub-region Northern America are also presented separately.

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available, not applicable or not reported separately.

A dash (-) indicates that no legal instrument was ratified or that the corresponding country did not vote “Yes” on the adoption of the global compacts.

If not noted otherwise, data refer to 1 July of the year indicated.

(B) Estimates of the migrant stock were based on the foreign-born population.

(C) Estimates of the migrant stock were based on the population of foreign citizens.

(R) Refugees and asylum-seekers were added to the estimates of international migrants.

(I) There were no data on international migrants and estimates of the migrant stock were imputed.

1. Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon.

2. Including Zanzibar.

3. Including Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

4. The estimates of migrant stock for 2000 refer to Sudan and South Sudan.

5. Including Nagorno-Karabakh.

6. Including Northern-Cyprus.

7. Including Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

8. Including East Jerusalem. Refugees are not part of the foreign-born migrant stock in the State of Palestine.

9. For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China.

10. As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

11. As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

12. Including Sabah and Sarawak.

13. The estimates of migrant stock for 2000 refer to the former Netherlands Antilles.

14. Including Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (French part).

15. A dispute exists between the Governments of Argentina and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland concerning sovereignty over the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).

16. Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

17. Including Pitcairn.

18. Including Transnistria.

19. Including Crimea.

20. Refers to Guernsey, and Jersey.

21. Including Åland Islands.

22. Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.

23. Refers to the Vatican City State.

24. Including Kosovo. The estimates of migrant stock for 2000 refer to Serbia and Montenegro.

25. Including Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla.

Region, sub-region, country or areai,ii,iii,iv

International migrants (thousands)

International migrants as a share of total

population (percentage)

Females among all international migrants

(percentage)

International migrants by age group in 2019

(percentage)

Median age of

international migrants

(years)

Migrants originating

from the same SDG

region (percentage)

Refugees (thousands)

Refugees as a share of

international migrants

(percentage)

Inflows of migrant remittances

(millions of US$)

Ratification of legal

instruments related to

international migration

(type)

Adoption of global compacts

(type)

2000 2019 2000 2019 2000 2019 0-19 20-64 65+ 2019 2019 2017 2019 2000 2018 2019 2019

  (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)

WORLD 173,588.4 271,642.1 2.8 3.5 49.3 47.9 13.9 74.2 11.8 39.0 44.5 28,711.5 10.6 126,749.7 688,168.1

More developed regionsv 103,962.0 152,069.3 8.7 12.0 51.1 51.5 8.9 75.8 15.2 42.9 31.1 4,813.6 3.2 50,306.5 189,951.2 Less developed regionsvi 69,626.5 119,572.8 1.4 1.9 46.5 43.4 20.3 72.2 7.5 34.5 62.1 23,897.9 20.0 76,443.2 498,216.9

Least developed countriesvii 10,063.9 16,289.0 1.5 1.6 50.0 50.4 33.8 62.3 3.9 28.2 68.7 6,949.4 42.7 6,219.8 45,868.7

Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries 59,562.5 103,283.8 1.4 1.9 46.0 42.3 18.1 73.7 8.1 35.3 61.1 16,948.6 16.4 70,223.4 452,348.2

High-income countries 103,029.7 175,811.8 9.3 14.0 49.1 47.6 10.6 76.5 12.8 40.7 29.7 4,734.8 2.7 52,069.0 160,102.4 Middle-income countries 61,159.0 82,237.7 1.3 1.4 49.5 48.2 18.1 70.9 11.0 36.6 70.4 18,498.7 22.5 71,643.7 497,461.8 Low-income countries 8,975.6 13,072.1 1.9 1.7 50.4 50.9 31.9 64.1 4.0 28.9 85.1 5,478.0 41.9 3,037.0 30,603.9 No income group available 424.1 520.5 18.7 17.9 50.6 52.6 22.7 70.7 6.4 34.6 50.2 0.0 0.0 Africa 15,051.7 26,529.3 1.9 2.0 46.9 47.0 27.8 67.5 4.7 30.9 83.3 7,299.3 27.5 10,904.8 86,309.6 Asia 49,394.3 83,559.2 1.3 1.8 46.2 41.5 17.4 74.4 8.2 35.6 55.0 16,013.7 19.2 46,475.4 325,804.4 Europe 56,858.8 82,304.5 7.8 11.0 51.6 51.4 8.8 76.8 14.4 42.7 51.6 3,595.7 4.4 42,392.5 172,920.7 Latin America and the Caribbean 6,570.7 11,673.3 1.3 1.8 50.1 49.9 21.6 68.9 9.5 33.8 72.5 607.3 5.2 20,346.7 89,771.8 Northern America 40,351.7 58,647.8 12.9 16.0 50.5 51.8 8.8 75.1 16.2 43.5 2.5 1,086.3 1.9 4,400.0 9,420.8 Oceania 5,361.2 8,927.9 17.1 21.2 50.1 50.4 11.0 70.3 18.8 42.9 12.1 109.3 1.2 2,230.2 3,940.7 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAviii 13,151.2 23,573.5 2.1 2.2 47.2 47.5 27.3 68.2 4.5 30.9 88.9 5,932.3 25.2 3,659.1 45,785.9 Eastern Africa 4,847.1 7,908.2 1.9 1.8 48.8 49.9 37.5 58.7 3.8 27.0 87.8 3,829.9 48.4 550.3 8,278.2 BurundiB R 125.6 321.0 2.0 2.8 51.4 50.7 30.0 64.9 5.1 31.1 99.7 65.9 20.5 .. 36.0 a, b, d, e A, BComorosB 13.8 12.5 2.5 1.5 52.8 51.6 18.4 76.2 5.4 35.4 95.7 0.0 0.0 .. 142.6 - A, BDjiboutiB R 100.5 115.3 14.0 11.8 47.3 47.4 22.7 73.2 4.1 30.8 99.7 26.9 23.3 12.3 63.4 a, b, d, e A, BEritreaI 13.0 16.1 0.6 0.5 47.1 44.6 31.6 66.3 2.1 28.5 93.1 2.4 14.9 3.3 .. d AEthiopiaB R 611.4 1,253.1 0.9 1.1 47.3 49.1 48.5 50.2 1.3 20.9 96.5 892.0 71.2 53.2 412.2 a, b, d, e A, BKenyaB R 707.9 1,044.9 2.2 2.0 50.1 50.0 31.2 64.0 4.8 31.2 99.0 488.4 46.7 .. 2,719.7 a, b, d, e A, BMadagascarC 23.5 34.9 0.1 0.1 43.6 43.0 20.5 61.8 17.7 40.7 46.7 0.1 0.2 11.3 370.2 a, c, d, e A, BMalawiB R 232.6 247.7 2.1 1.3 52.1 52.4 18.7 73.2 8.1 34.2 98.0 35.0 14.1 0.7 44.6 a, b, d, e A, BMauritiusC, 1 15.5 28.8 1.3 2.3 63.3 44.6 9.0 87.6 3.4 42.0 11.2 0.0 0.0 177.0 249.5 d, e A, BMayotteB 45.5 74.6 30.2 28.0 48.2 53.7 19.3 75.4 5.3 34.8 86.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..MozambiqueB R 195.7 334.7 1.1 1.1 47.3 51.7 27.8 69.2 2.9 30.7 97.3 23.7 7.1 36.8 354.1 a, b, c, d, e A, BRéunionB 100.7 129.2 13.7 14.5 48.1 49.3 31.8 64.1 4.1 31.2 26.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..RwandaB R 347.1 539.9 4.4 4.3 49.4 50.0 35.7 62.7 1.6 25.4 100.0 171.4 31.7 6.6 230.3 a, b, c, d, e A, BSeychellesB 6.6 12.9 8.1 13.2 41.6 30.0 10.2 85.7 4.1 37.8 18.2 0.0 0.0 3.2 23.9 a, b, c, d, e BSomaliaI R 20.1 52.1 0.2 0.3 47.1 47.9 37.2 59.7 3.0 28.2 73.3 29.2 56.1 .. .. a, b BSouth SudanB R .. 865.6 .. 7.8 .. 49.0 31.8 64.0 4.2 29.4 32.4 285.3 33.0 .. .. a, b A, BUgandaB R 584.3 1,734.2 2.5 3.9 50.2 51.8 57.6 40.6 1.8 15.8 95.6 1,395.1 80.4 238.0 1,245.0 a, b, c A, BUnited Republic of TanzaniaB R, 2 949.6 509.2 2.8 0.9 49.3 50.6 22.7 69.6 7.6 34.4 97.6 352.7 69.3 8.0 429.6 a, b, d, e A, BZambiaB R 343.7 170.2 3.3 1.0 49.1 49.4 19.8 73.3 6.9 34.2 93.3 45.9 27.0 .. 100.9 a, b, d, e A, BZimbabweB R 410.1 411.3 3.5 2.8 43.0 43.2 15.2 76.9 7.8 38.3 95.8 15.9 3.9 .. 1,856.0 a, b, d A, BMiddle Africa 1,775.3 3,785.3 1.8 2.2 48.4 47.1 25.5 70.3 4.2 31.1 84.5 1,431.4 37.8 48.3 1,769.4 AngolaB R 46.1 669.5 0.3 2.1 49.3 49.0 22.0 73.0 5.1 33.6 96.4 71.3 10.6 .. 1.5 a, b, d, e A, BCameroonB 227.2 505.7 1.5 2.0 45.4 50.5 37.7 58.1 4.2 27.7 98.5 343.1 67.9 30.2 345.4 a, b, d, e A, BCentral African RepublicC 123.5 90.6 3.4 1.9 46.9 47.0 27.5 66.7 5.9 32.1 47.7 10.6 11.7 .. .. a, b, d, e A, BChadB R 104.8 512.2 1.3 3.2 46.1 53.9 27.7 68.8 3.5 30.4 28.0 412.1 80.5 .. .. a, b, d A, BCongoB 305.9 402.1 9.8 7.5 49.9 45.2 27.8 68.1 4.1 31.6 95.4 55.6 13.8 10.4 .. a, b, c A, BDemocratic Republic of the CongoB R 744.4 963.8 1.6 1.1 51.0 51.9 23.6 71.4 5.0 30.5 99.4 537.9 55.8 1.3 1,405.3 a, b, d, e A, BEquatorial GuineaC 4.5 227.6 0.7 16.8 47.0 22.9 2.3 97.2 0.5 31.5 33.2 0.0 0.0 .. .. a, b, d A, BGabonC 214.4 411.5 17.5 18.9 42.6 35.7 28.0 68.2 3.8 30.8 94.6 0.8 0.2 6.1 .. a, b, d, e A, BSao Tome and PrincipeC 4.4 2.2 3.1 1.0 49.3 50.1 18.5 59.4 22.1 44.3 95.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 17.1 a, b, c, d, e BSouthern Africa 1,267.7 4,481.7 2.5 6.7 41.2 44.4 17.6 75.7 6.7 33.8 76.5 288.0 6.4 914.4 1,624.5 BotswanaB 74.9 110.6 4.6 4.8 41.5 43.1 16.8 78.8 4.4 34.4 82.1 2.5 2.2 26.2 33.2 a, b, d, e BEswatiniB R 34.1 32.3 3.4 2.8 47.4 48.7 22.4 69.0 8.6 36.4 98.6 1.3 4.1 56.9 155.6 a, b, d, e A, BLesothoC R 6.2 6.9 0.3 0.3 45.9 45.9 16.6 79.7 3.7 35.3 83.1 0.1 1.3 477.7 437.8 a, b, c, d, e A, BNamibiaB 135.5 107.6 7.6 4.3 46.0 46.1 12.6 77.6 9.8 35.4 74.8 4.1 3.8 9.5 52.2 a, b, d, e A, BSouth AfricaB R 1,017.0 4,224.3 2.3 7.2 40.3 44.4 17.7 75.6 6.7 33.7 76.1 280.0 6.6 344.0 945.7 a, b, d, e A, BWestern Africa 5,261.1 7,398.4 2.2 1.9 46.9 46.9 23.2 72.6 4.2 32.1 97.8 383.0 5.2 2,146.1 34,113.8 BeninC B R 134.7 390.1 2.0 3.3 46.4 52.9 27.6 69.9 2.5 28.3 99.6 1.3 0.3 87.1 367.5 a, b, c, d, e BBurkina FasoB R 520.4 718.3 4.5 3.5 51.8 52.4 22.8 75.0 2.2 29.5 100.0 24.2 3.4 67.3 437.4 a, b, c, d, e A, BCabo VerdeB 11.0 15.7 2.6 2.8 47.8 49.4 9.5 87.1 3.4 40.0 72.8 0.0 0.0 86.9 242.6 b, c, d, e A, BCôte d’IvoireC B 2,163.6 2,549.1 13.1 9.9 44.6 44.6 12.7 81.2 6.0 38.2 99.7 2.8 0.1 119.0 362.7 a, b, d, e A, BGambiaB 182.5 215.4 13.9 9.2 46.8 47.3 26.2 70.2 3.6 30.7 100.0 8.0 3.7 .. 244.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BGhanaB 191.6 466.8 1.0 1.5 49.2 46.6 22.9 72.6 4.5 31.9 98.4 13.5 2.9 32.4 3,802.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BGuineaC B R 560.1 120.6 6.8 0.9 50.2 41.4 33.8 63.0 3.1 25.6 80.2 5.3 4.4 1.2 47.9 a, b, c, d, e BGuinea-BissauB R 20.5 26.9 1.7 1.4 50.3 51.7 41.0 54.5 4.5 24.7 94.3 11.2 41.7 .. 26.5 a, b, c, d A, BLiberiaB 151.9 94.4 5.3 1.9 45.9 43.0 24.0 73.6 2.4 30.2 96.7 11.5 12.2 .. 387.3 a, b, d, e A, BMaliB R 189.5 468.2 1.7 2.4 48.4 49.3 21.3 74.8 3.9 31.6 91.1 18.0 3.8 73.2 884.5 a, b, c, d, e A, BMauritaniaC R 57.4 173.0 2.2 3.8 45.7 43.5 43.6 53.5 2.9 23.7 79.7 78.2 45.2 .. .. a, b, c, d, e A, BNigerB R 122.3 294.2 1.1 1.3 52.4 52.6 31.1 65.2 3.7 28.9 99.6 166.0 56.4 14.4 282.1 a, b, c, d, e A, BNigeriaC R 487.9 1,256.4 0.4 0.6 44.6 45.1 31.0 65.3 3.7 29.6 100.0 10.5 0.8 1,390.0 24,311.0 a, b, c, d, e A, BSaint HelenaC, 3 0.1 0.4 1.8 7.1 43.5 30.3 .. .. .. .. 21.1 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..SenegalB R 231.9 275.2 2.4 1.7 47.6 47.0 32.3 66.9 0.8 26.2 87.8 18.0 6.5 233.3 2,212.6 a, b, c, d, e A, BSierra LeoneB R 98.0 54.3 2.1 0.7 44.7 43.5 31.0 63.6 5.4 27.0 95.7 0.7 1.2 7.1 51.2 a, b, d, e A, BTogoC R 138.0 279.1 2.8 3.5 49.9 49.4 43.7 53.5 2.8 23.1 99.3 13.8 4.9 34.2 452.4 a, b, d, e A, B

NORTHERN AFRICA AND WESTERN ASIA 20,321.4 48,591.4 5.7 9.4 40.7 35.5 21.6 73.9 4.5 34.0 40.6 13,116.2 27.0 16,988.0 69,239.9

Northern Africa 1,900.4 2,955.8 1.1 1.2 44.4 43.3 32.0 62.0 6.0 31.2 43.2 1,367.0 46.2 7,245.7 40,523.7 AlgeriaB R 250.1 249.1 0.8 0.6 45.2 47.2 16.3 72.4 11.3 39.1 92.3 100.6 40.4 790.0 1,932.9 a, b, c, d, e BEgyptB R 184.8 504.1 0.3 0.5 46.8 46.2 16.5 79.6 4.0 33.7 78.2 289.2 57.4 2,850.0 28,918.0 a, b, c, d, e A, BLibyaC 567.4 818.2 10.6 12.1 35.0 28.8 22.7 73.2 4.1 33.6 69.6 45.0 5.5 9.0 .. c, d, e -MoroccoC 53.0 98.6 0.2 0.3 48.6 49.8 21.6 69.7 8.8 35.1 31.1 6.8 6.9 2,160.1 7,374.7 a, b, c, d A, BSudanB R, 4 805.1 1,223.1 2.4 2.9 49.7 50.4 49.4 44.0 6.7 20.7 1.5 924.8 75.6 640.6 270.8 a, b, d, e A, BTunisiaC 36.7 57.5 0.4 0.5 49.1 48.2 19.0 73.0 8.0 38.2 63.3 0.7 1.3 796.0 2,027.2 a, b, d, e A, BWestern SaharaI 3.3 5.4 1.0 0.9 44.1 40.9 18.3 73.3 8.4 37.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Western Asia 18,420.9 45,635.5 10.0 16.6 40.3 35.0 20.9 74.7 4.4 34.1 40.4 11,749.2 25.7 9,742.3 28,716.2 ArmeniaB R 657.9 190.2 21.4 6.4 58.9 59.0 8.3 60.3 31.4 52.9 80.0 18.0 9.5 87.5 1,512.5 a, b, d, e A, BAzerbaijanB R, 5 327.5 253.9 4.0 2.5 56.9 52.1 12.8 67.5 19.7 44.4 77.1 1.2 0.5 57.1 1,271.8 a, b, c, d, e A, BBahrainC 239.4 741.2 36.0 45.2 30.9 27.7 7.5 91.2 1.3 36.1 20.6 0.4 0.0 .. .. d, e A, BCyprusB, 6 80.1 191.9 8.5 16.0 56.6 55.6 10.8 80.4 8.8 36.7 21.2 16.2 8.4 64.3 432.6 a, b, d, e A, BGeorgiaB, 7 76.1 79.0 1.7 2.0 56.2 56.2 22.1 57.5 20.5 37.6 25.4 2.6 3.3 209.5 2,034.3 a, b, d, e A, BIraqC R 210.5 368.1 0.9 0.9 42.8 41.8 34.6 62.5 3.0 26.9 94.7 290.7 79.0 .. 1,141.6 d, e A, BIsraelB R 1,851.3 1,956.3 31.1 23.0 53.9 54.6 5.4 57.9 36.7 55.9 31.0 55.2 2.8 400.0 989.2 a, b, d -JordanC R 1,927.8 3,346.7 37.6 33.2 49.0 49.6 48.5 45.9 5.5 21.1 97.2 2,928.7 87.5 1,845.0 4,369.9 d A, BKuwaitC R 1,127.6 3,034.8 55.1 72.1 32.5 33.6 20.0 77.6 2.4 36.4 23.3 1.7 0.1 .. 23.8 d, e A, BLebanonB R 692.9 1,863.9 18.0 27.2 49.0 51.9 35.2 60.8 4.0 28.2 99.2 1,558.6 83.6 .. 7,204.3 d, e A, BOmanC 623.6 2,286.2 27.5 46.0 21.7 16.4 12.8 84.8 2.3 33.5 7.3 0.7 0.0 39.0 40.6 d, e A, BQatarC 359.7 2,229.7 60.7 78.7 23.8 17.2 16.3 82.5 1.2 32.9 15.7 0.3 0.0 .. 687.9 d A, BSaudi ArabiaC R 5,263.4 13,122.3 25.5 38.3 33.2 31.4 19.1 79.3 1.6 36.7 26.4 0.2 0.0 .. 334.6 d, e A, BState of PalestineB, 8 275.2 253.7 8.5 5.1 54.7 55.7 17.8 69.3 12.9 32.3 96.6 2,214.8 .. 1,009.9 2,560.7 d ..Syrian Arab RepublicC R 834.9 867.8 5.1 5.1 48.7 48.8 19.0 79.3 1.7 34.0 99.7 589.4 67.9 180.0 1,622.5 c, d, e A, BTurkeyB R 1,281.0 5,876.8 2.0 7.0 51.9 44.6 22.3 71.4 6.2 32.4 70.4 3,787.2 64.4 4,560.0 1,139.2 a, b, c, d, e A, BUnited Arab EmiratesC R 2,447.0 8,587.3 78.1 87.9 28.2 26.3 17.3 82.0 0.8 32.5 20.0 2.8 0.0 .. .. d A, BYemenCR 144.9 385.6 0.8 1.3 44.5 47.5 31.8 63.0 5.2 31.2 14.9 280.7 72.8 1,290.0 3,350.5 a, b A, BCENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ASIA 20,467.2 19,627.0 1.4 1.0 49.1 49.4 13.2 70.9 15.9 40.8 63.0 3,619.5 18.4 17,838.8 141,756.1 Central Asia 5,189.1 5,543.4 9.4 7.6 55.2 51.8 10.7 69.4 19.9 42.7 9.6 4.2 0.1 130.6 9,284.2 KazakhstanB 2,874.2 3,705.6 19.3 20.0 53.9 50.4 11.7 72.4 15.9 38.5 9.3 0.8 0.0 121.8 418.5 a, b, d, e A, BKyrgyzstanB 389.8 200.3 7.9 3.1 58.2 59.6 7.0 71.8 21.2 44.3 12.7 0.4 0.2 8.8 2,689.6 a, b, c, d, e BTajikistanB 299.5 274.1 4.8 2.9 56.0 56.9 7.0 65.9 27.1 54.0 12.5 3.0 1.1 .. 2,275.5 a, b, c, d, e A, BTurkmenistanB 219.1 195.1 4.9 3.3 53.1 52.7 8.8 61.2 30.0 53.0 47.5 0.0 0.0 .. 1.6 a, b, d, e -UzbekistanB 1,406.5 1,168.4 5.7 3.5 56.9 53.4 9.4 61.8 28.8 51.6 2.8 0.0 0.0 .. 3,898.9 d A, BSouthern Asia 15,278.1 14,083.6 1.0 0.7 47.0 48.5 14.1 71.5 14.4 40.2 83.8 3,615.3 25.7 17,708.1 132,471.9 AfghanistanB 75.9 149.8 0.4 0.4 43.6 49.9 43.6 55.0 1.4 24.2 100.0 76.1 50.8 .. 384.5 a, b, d, e BBangladeshB R 987.9 2,185.6 0.8 1.3 46.2 48.6 30.7 65.8 3.5 29.7 4.0 932.3 42.7 1,969.4 15,496.0 c A, BBhutanB 32.1 53.3 5.4 7.0 18.5 15.1 8.1 90.0 1.9 33.1 96.6 0.0 0.0 .. 47.9 - A, BIndiaB R 6,411.3 5,154.7 0.6 0.4 48.5 48.8 8.3 71.0 20.7 47.1 95.3 207.6 4.0 12,845.0 78,608.8 d, e A, BIran (Islamic Republic of)B R 2,803.8 2,682.2 4.3 3.2 40.7 47.0 20.1 76.2 3.7 33.6 95.9 979.5 36.5 536.0 1,388.5 a, b A, BMaldivesC 27.1 69.2 9.7 13.0 45.0 12.3 6.1 92.8 1.1 33.4 95.7 0.0 0.0 2.2 4.2 d A, BNepalB R 717.9 490.8 3.0 1.7 66.3 69.7 9.5 82.9 7.7 37.4 95.9 21.6 4.4 112.0 8,064.3 - A, BPakistanB R 4,181.9 3,258.0 2.9 1.5 46.2 47.4 6.5 70.7 22.7 46.6 99.9 1,396.6 42.9 1,080.0 21,014.1 - A, BSri LankaB R 40.1 40.0 0.2 0.2 45.3 47.8 40.1 49.6 10.3 25.3 38.2 1.4 3.6 1,163.5 7,463.5 c, d A, B

EASTERN AND SOUTH-EASTERN ASIA 10,506.2 18,296.6 0.5 0.8 50.8 49.3 13.3 77.4 9.2 35.7 83.1 644.9 3.5 18,894.3 155,332.1

Eastern Asia 5,393.0 8,105.8 0.4 0.5 52.7 52.4 10.0 75.3 14.7 41.1 87.0 367.6 4.5 7,142.0 80,687.2 ChinaC, 9 508.0 1,030.9 0.0 0.1 50.0 38.6 23.1 68.0 8.8 35.3 79.9 322.4 31.3 758.0 67,413.6 a, b, d A, BChina, Hong Kong SARB, 10 2,669.1 2,942.3 40.4 39.6 54.1 61.1 6.1 66.8 27.0 49.6 95.5 0.1 0.0 136.0 468.6 .. ..China, Macao SARB, 11 240.8 399.6 56.3 62.4 54.6 53.6 7.3 78.6 14.1 45.3 99.4 0.0 0.0 .. 27.0 .. ..Dem. People’s Republic of KoreaI 36.2 49.4 0.2 0.2 51.0 50.2 11.5 78.8 9.7 40.9 86.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. - -JapanC 1,686.4 2,498.9 1.3 2.0 52.7 51.7 11.2 80.5 8.3 37.9 79.4 33.4 1.3 1,374.0 5,633.9 a, b, d, e A, BMongoliaC 8.2 21.1 0.3 0.7 44.4 33.2 19.0 76.3 4.6 36.9 72.7 0.0 0.0 12.0 440.7 d, e A, BRepublic of KoreaC 244.2 1,163.7 0.5 2.3 41.4 43.9 6.4 90.9 2.7 35.4 82.4 11.7 1.0 4,862.0 6,703.4 a, b, d, e A, BSouth-Eastern Asia 5,113.2 10,190.9 1.0 1.5 48.9 46.8 15.9 79.1 4.9 32.4 80.1 277.3 2.7 11,752.3 74,644.9 Brunei DarussalamB 96.3 110.6 28.9 25.5 44.1 43.4 7.8 83.0 9.3 36.9 85.3 0.0 0.0 .. - BCambodiaB 146.1 78.6 1.2 0.5 51.0 46.1 11.0 83.0 6.0 35.4 98.5 0.1 0.1 120.5 1,411.2 a, b, d, e A, BIndonesiaB R 292.3 353.1 0.1 0.1 47.6 41.8 18.3 76.8 4.8 30.7 65.8 13.8 3.9 1,190.0 11,237.1 c, d, e A, BLao People’s Democratic RepublicC R 21.9 48.3 0.4 0.7 47.3 35.6 13.3 83.1 3.6 35.4 99.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 271.1 d, e A, BMalaysiaC R, 12 1,463.6 3,430.4 6.3 10.7 43.8 38.9 17.3 81.1 1.7 28.3 61.0 151.3 4.4 342.0 1,662.8 d A, BMyanmarC 98.0 76.0 0.2 0.1 46.8 45.2 19.7 72.6 7.7 36.2 52.7 0.0 0.0 102.2 2,754.1 d, e A, BPhilippinesC R 318.1 218.5 0.4 0.2 49.1 48.2 29.4 59.7 10.9 34.0 44.4 0.7 0.3 6,957.0 33,826.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BSingaporeB 1,351.7 2,155.7 33.6 37.1 55.5 55.9 13.0 78.1 8.9 39.4 82.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. d BThailandB R 1,257.8 3,635.1 2.0 5.2 48.5 49.8 15.7 79.3 5.1 33.5 98.6 111.5 3.1 1,700.0 7,459.3 d A, BTimor-LesteB 10.6 8.4 1.2 0.7 51.9 39.6 23.1 72.1 4.7 32.5 80.5 0.0 0.0 .. 88.5 a, b, c, d, e B

Viet NamC R 56.8 76.1 0.1 0.1 42.2 42.1 17.3 76.2 6.4 36.5 72.2 0.0 0.0 1,340.0 15,934.0 d A, B

Region, sub-region, country or areai,ii,iii,iv

International migrants (thousands)

International migrants as a share of total

population (percentage)

Females among all international migrants

(percentage)

International migrants by age group in 2019

(percentage)

Median age of

international migrants

(years)

Migrants originating

from the same SDG

region (percentage)

Refugees (thousands)

Refugees as a share of

international migrants

(percentage)

Inflows of migrant remittances

(millions of US$)

Ratification of legal

instruments related to

international migration

(type)

Adoption of global compacts

(type)

2000 2019 2000 2019 2000 2019 0-19 20-64 65+ 2019 2019 2017 2019 2000 2018 2019 2019

  (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 6,570.7 11,673.3 1.3 1.8 50.1 49.9 21.6 68.9 9.5 33.8 72.5 607.3 5.2 20,346.7 89,771.8

Caribbean 1,247.9 1,524.8 3.3 3.5 48.7 46.5 14.5 77.6 7.9 35.2 68.4 12.1 0.8 3,630.5 12,961.3 AnguillaB 4.1 5.7 36.1 38.2 53.0 52.6 25.8 68.7 5.6 34.9 76.9 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Antigua and BarbudaB 23.1 29.2 30.4 30.1 55.3 55.4 11.1 81.5 7.4 39.8 81.7 0.0 0.0 20.7 35.0 a, b, d, e BArubaB 30.1 36.5 33.1 34.4 55.1 55.4 8.5 79.9 11.6 46.5 77.3 0.0 0.0 7.9 8.0 .. ..BahamasB 36.5 63.0 12.2 16.2 46.7 49.4 13.3 76.0 10.7 40.0 70.2 0.0 0.0 .. .. a, b, d, e A, BBarbadosB 28.4 34.8 10.5 12.1 56.4 55.1 12.9 74.0 13.2 42.4 76.5 0.0 0.0 115.0 114.6 d, e A, BBritish Virgin IslandsB 13.0 20.8 63.8 69.2 50.7 50.7 11.0 79.8 9.3 41.1 82.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and SabaB, 13 46.1 15.5 25.7 59.6 55.7 51.6 15.0 74.5 10.5 36.3 74.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Cayman IslandsC 19.2 29.0 45.3 44.6 49.6 48.8 12.4 84.3 3.3 40.9 60.4 0.1 0.2 .. .. .. ..CubaB 17.8 4.9 0.2 0.0 56.0 57.1 11.7 42.2 46.1 54.4 24.3 0.3 7.1 .. .. d, e A, BCuraçaoB .. 40.9 .. 25.0 .. 58.9 14.5 71.8 13.7 42.0 66.4 0.8 2.0 .. 174.7 .. ..DominicaB 3.7 8.3 5.3 11.5 47.5 47.9 26.2 67.5 6.3 28.5 73.3 1.4 17.2 16.3 46.4 a, b, d, e A, BDominican RepublicB 355.6 567.6 4.2 5.3 39.3 35.7 13.4 83.3 3.3 31.2 92.3 1.5 0.3 1,840.0 6,789.4 a, b, d, e -GrenadaB 6.8 7.1 6.6 6.4 50.4 50.4 7.3 83.4 9.3 35.8 95.3 0.0 0.0 46.4 48.4 d, e A, BGuadeloupeB, 14 83.2 100.0 18.1 22.3 52.2 55.5 22.6 67.8 9.6 36.9 34.3 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..HaitiB 17.2 18.8 0.2 0.2 44.4 44.4 31.6 62.9 5.5 29.6 59.3 0.0 0.0 578.0 2,985.9 a, b, d, e A, BJamaicaB 25.0 23.5 0.9 0.8 49.9 49.2 33.6 58.2 8.2 28.7 35.3 0.0 0.1 892.2 2,455.5 a, b, c, d, e A, BMartiniqueB 54.5 61.6 14.1 16.4 53.3 56.3 24.0 68.9 7.1 35.5 19.5 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..MontserratB 1.2 1.4 24.6 27.6 48.6 48.4 16.6 74.5 8.9 39.9 76.8 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Puerto RicoB 355.0 266.8 9.7 9.1 52.5 53.5 8.5 81.9 9.5 42.2 33.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Saint Kitts and NevisB 5.9 7.6 13.3 14.4 47.7 47.4 29.6 62.9 7.6 32.6 100.0 0.0 0.0 27.1 22.8 a, d, e A, BSaint LuciaB 9.9 8.4 6.3 4.6 49.8 52.0 27.4 63.6 9.0 37.0 67.1 0.0 0.0 26.4 32.1 d A, BSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesB 4.3 4.7 4.0 4.2 51.3 48.9 31.5 56.3 12.2 33.6 69.6 0.0 0.0 22.5 41.7 a, b, c, d, e A, BSint Maarten (Dutch part)B .. 28.3 .. 66.7 .. 52.1 20.6 70.6 8.8 37.0 89.5 0.0 0.0 .. 64.7 .. ..Trinidad and TobagoB 41.8 59.2 3.3 4.2 53.8 50.9 19.7 65.4 14.9 37.9 73.4 8.0 13.5 38.1 142.2 a, b, d, e BTurks and Caicos IslandsB 9.0 24.5 44.7 64.2 48.3 48.3 9.9 84.3 5.8 36.2 89.9 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..United States Virgin IslandsB 56.6 56.7 52.1 54.3 52.8 52.9 12.4 65.9 21.7 48.8 69.6 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Central America 1,107.6 1,927.7 0.8 1.1 49.9 50.3 39.7 53.9 6.4 26.8 46.7 45.4 2.4 10,864.8 58,035.2 BelizeB R 36.5 60.0 14.8 15.4 48.9 49.7 10.2 82.3 7.6 38.1 84.6 3.1 5.2 26.4 27.7 a, b, c, d, e BCosta RicaB R 310.9 417.8 7.8 8.3 49.6 51.7 9.3 82.9 7.7 38.2 92.3 11.9 2.9 135.6 528.0 a, b, d, e A, BEl SalvadorB R 31.7 42.6 0.5 0.7 53.0 52.4 16.7 78.1 5.1 32.6 81.3 0.0 0.1 1,764.7 5,458.4 a, b, c, d, e A, BGuatemalaB R 48.1 80.4 0.4 0.5 55.9 52.6 17.0 75.8 7.2 36.3 79.3 0.4 0.5 595.8 9,572.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BHondurasB R 28.5 38.9 0.4 0.4 48.8 47.5 35.2 53.0 11.8 32.5 74.2 0.0 0.1 483.9 4,746.4 a, b, c, d, e A, BMexicoB R 538.1 1,060.7 0.5 0.8 49.7 49.9 61.8 33.4 4.8 14.2 17.2 19.4 1.8 7,522.0 35,658.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BNicaraguaB R 30.4 42.2 0.6 0.6 49.2 48.5 25.7 68.3 5.9 30.5 82.4 0.7 1.7 320.0 1,504.9 a, b, c, d, e A, BPanamaB 83.4 185.1 2.8 4.4 49.1 49.0 10.5 78.2 11.2 40.0 65.8 9.7 5.3 16.4 538.0 a, b, d, e BSouth America 4,215.3 8,220.8 1.2 1.9 50.6 50.5 18.7 70.8 10.5 34.6 79.3 549.8 6.7 5,851.4 18,775.4 ArgentinaB 1,540.2 2,212.9 4.2 4.9 53.4 54.0 14.6 70.0 15.4 36.4 84.1 7.5 0.3 86.3 493.1 a, b, c, d, e A, BBolivia (Plurinational State of)B 92.7 156.1 1.1 1.4 48.6 47.6 41.5 53.9 4.6 24.6 77.0 0.8 0.5 126.8 1,284.2 a, b, c, d A, BBrazilB 684.6 807.0 0.4 0.4 46.5 46.0 15.9 62.6 21.4 40.2 31.3 96.0 11.9 1,647.0 2,933.6 a, b, d, e A, BChileB 177.3 940.0 1.2 5.0 52.2 52.9 14.0 81.0 5.0 35.8 78.9 10.3 1.1 13.3 45.9 a, b, c, d, e BColombiaB 109.6 1,142.3 0.3 2.3 48.7 49.6 28.9 67.5 3.6 28.9 95.7 8.4 0.7 1,612.1 6,410.9 a, b, c, d A, BEcuadorB R 151.5 381.5 1.2 2.2 49.0 48.3 33.9 62.2 3.9 28.4 78.9 104.2 27.3 1,325.6 3,085.5 a, b, c, d, e A, BFalkland Islands (Malvinas)B, 15 1.1 1.9 36.9 56.3 40.4 44.4 25.4 70.0 4.6 33.1 14.8 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..French GuianaB 76.6 117.4 47.0 40.4 49.3 52.5 15.4 78.9 5.8 35.4 77.2 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..GuyanaB 8.6 15.7 1.2 2.0 46.4 46.5 13.6 82.6 3.8 33.6 76.7 0.0 0.0 27.3 285.5 c, d, e A, BParaguayB 176.6 160.5 3.3 2.3 47.9 48.0 18.6 72.3 9.2 37.0 90.7 0.3 0.2 278.0 573.3 a, b, c, d, e BPeruB 66.3 782.2 0.3 2.4 50.5 45.8 16.6 79.5 3.9 30.4 87.9 196.1 25.1 718.0 3,249.6 a, b, c, d, e A, BSurinameC 27.5 46.2 5.8 7.9 45.7 45.3 27.6 64.7 7.7 34.9 68.2 0.1 0.2 .. 6.7 a, b, d, e A, BUruguayB 88.9 81.5 2.7 2.4 53.8 54.6 22.0 51.7 26.3 40.5 59.9 2.4 2.9 .. 110.0 a, b, c, d, e A, BVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)B 1,013.7 1,375.7 4.2 4.8 49.8 50.1 16.0 72.3 11.6 40.2 81.7 123.7 9.0 17.0 297.1 b, c, d, e A, BOCEANIA 5,361.2 8,927.9 17.1 21.2 50.1 50.4 11.0 70.3 18.8 42.9 12.1 109.3 1.2 2,230.2 3,940.7 AUSTRALIA/NEW ZEALAND 5,065.1 8,618.0 22.2 28.7 50.3 50.6 10.7 70.2 19.1 43.1 11.4 98.2 1.1 2,140.0 1,975.8 AustraliaB, 16 4,386.3 7,549.3 23.1 30.0 50.1 50.4 10.6 70.0 19.4 43.1 10.0 96.3 1.3 1,904.0 1,817.8 a, b, d, e BNew ZealandB 678.8 1,068.7 17.6 22.3 51.4 51.6 11.5 71.7 16.8 42.8 22.0 1.9 0.2 236.0 158.0 a, b, d, e A, BOCEANIA (excluding Australia and New Zealand)

296.2 309.9 3.5 2.6 47.1 47.1 17.3 73.0 9.7 39.6 31.2 11.1 3.6 90.2 1,965.0

Melanesia 95.3 123.6 1.3 1.1 44.4 45.3 19.6 68.6 11.8 40.2 32.6 10.0 8.1 90.2 968.0 FijiB 12.7 14.0 1.6 1.6 48.1 46.0 22.4 68.1 9.4 36.6 52.0 0.0 0.1 44.0 287.9 a, b, d, e A, BNew CaledoniaB 49.7 72.5 22.9 25.7 45.8 47.6 12.3 72.5 15.2 44.3 24.3 0.0 0.0 .. 639.5 .. ..Papua New GuineaC R 26.3 31.2 0.4 0.4 39.7 39.3 34.5 60.0 5.5 31.6 38.2 10.0 32.1 7.2 4.4 a, b A, BSolomon IslandsB 4.0 2.5 1.0 0.4 44.1 43.9 20.8 70.2 9.0 38.5 69.1 0.0 0.1 4.3 16.7 a, b A, BVanuatuB 2.6 3.2 1.4 1.1 49.7 50.3 26.1 67.2 6.7 35.2 71.6 0.0 0.0 34.7 19.4 - BMicronesia 130.2 118.0 26.9 21.7 50.1 49.5 14.8 77.5 7.7 38.1 20.6 1.1 0.9 74.8 GuamB 74.1 79.8 47.7 47.7 48.3 48.4 14.8 76.7 8.5 37.0 19.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..KiribatiB 2.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 48.0 47.3 29.6 67.2 3.2 28.7 98.1 0.0 0.0 .. 18.2 d, e BMarshall IslandsB 1.9 3.3 3.7 5.6 38.4 38.7 25.8 69.6 4.6 33.9 21.8 0.0 0.0 .. 29.8 - A, BMicronesia (Fed. States of)B 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.5 44.8 46.5 22.1 71.1 6.8 37.6 57.0 0.0 0.0 .. 24.3 d -NauruC 2.4 2.1 23.2 19.7 46.4 43.0 21.5 70.7 7.9 35.6 39.1 1.1 51.7 .. .. a, b, d, e ANorthern Mariana IslandsB 40.1 21.8 69.8 38.1 56.7 58.0 11.2 82.3 6.6 45.6 11.8 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..PalauB 6.3 5.1 33.0 28.1 38.1 43.2 9.2 86.4 4.4 39.8 18.2 0.0 0.0 .. 2.4 - A, BPolynesia17 70.7 68.4 11.5 10.1 45.3 46.1 17.3 73.4 9.4 41.2 48.1 0.0 0.0 922.3 American SamoaB 24.9 23.5 43.1 42.6 48.2 49.0 10.8 80.5 8.7 42.8 79.2 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Cook IslandsB 2.8 3.5 15.5 19.9 44.3 49.9 26.1 67.6 6.3 31.6 95.8 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..French PolynesiaB 30.3 31.2 12.6 11.2 42.0 43.0 14.6 73.9 11.5 44.1 9.8 0.0 0.0 .. 612.1 .. ..NiueB 0.5 0.6 26.2 36.4 46.2 45.7 44.0 51.0 4.9 24.2 98.1 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..SamoaB 6.0 4.0 3.4 2.0 48.3 49.5 44.7 49.4 5.8 22.5 87.5 0.0 0.1 .. 141.5 a, b A, BTokelauB 0.3 0.5 16.9 37.6 45.0 52.0 49.6 43.8 6.5 20.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..TongaB 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 46.2 45.4 30.5 64.7 4.8 31.6 65.8 0.0 0.0 .. 164.6 - -TuvaluC 0.2 0.2 2.3 2.0 44.5 45.0 25.6 68.5 5.9 34.1 96.9 0.0 0.0 .. 4.0 a, b A, BWallis and Futuna IslandsB 2.0 1.0 13.7 8.9 49.5 49.5 27.2 66.7 6.1 43.3 21.1 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..EUROPE AND NORTHERN AMERICA 97,210.5 140,952.4 9.4 12.7 51.2 51.5 8.8 76.1 15.1 43.0 31.5 4,682.0 3.3 46,792.5 182,341.5 EUROPE 56,858.8 82,304.5 7.8 11.0 51.6 51.4 8.8 76.8 14.4 42.7 51.6 3,595.7 4.4 42,392.5 172,920.7 Eastern Europe 20,435.8 20,278.7 6.7 6.9 52.6 52.4 8.2 74.0 17.8 45.6 58.8 194.2 1.0 3,872.2 51,879.6 BelarusB 1,123.6 1,069.4 11.4 11.3 54.2 54.2 4.8 72.6 22.6 51.4 87.9 2.4 0.2 139.6 1,194.9 a, b, d, e A, BBulgariaB 43.4 168.5 0.5 2.4 57.9 50.9 32.9 52.8 14.3 34.6 68.3 21.8 12.9 58.2 2,394.9 a, b, d, e BCzechiaC 220.8 512.7 2.1 4.8 46.0 42.8 7.3 87.4 5.4 38.5 68.1 4.5 0.9 296.7 3,912.4 a, b, d, e BHungaryB R 297.0 512.0 2.9 5.3 53.5 50.4 13.2 70.4 16.4 41.3 85.7 6.3 1.2 281.2 4,715.3 a, b, d, e -PolandB 825.3 656.0 2.1 1.7 59.0 55.8 14.2 31.1 54.7 70.9 93.2 15.0 2.3 1,496.0 7,378.4 a, b, d, e -Republic of MoldovaB, 18 247.8 104.7 5.9 2.6 59.2 59.1 17.6 56.5 25.9 49.2 92.5 0.4 0.4 178.6 1,837.2 a, b, d, e A, BRomaniaB 134.3 462.6 0.6 2.4 53.0 46.2 46.1 44.0 9.9 22.8 90.5 5.4 1.2 96.0 5,244.9 a, b, d, e BRussian FederationB 11,900.3 11,640.6 8.1 8.0 49.7 50.9 6.8 78.3 14.8 44.5 41.0 128.1 1.1 1,275.0 8,611.0 a, b, d, e A, BSlovakiaB 116.4 188.0 2.2 3.4 56.0 48.9 14.4 59.2 26.4 50.0 93.2 0.9 0.5 17.9 2,212.7 a, b, d, e BUkraineB, 19 5,527.1 4,964.3 11.3 11.3 57.1 57.0 6.3 73.2 20.5 49.1 83.0 9.4 0.2 33.0 14,378.0 a, b, d, e BNorthern Europe 7,901.0 15,094.9 8.4 14.3 53.0 51.5 10.7 77.3 12.0 38.3 43.2 596.7 4.0 5,967.3 15,701.3 Channel IslandsB, 20 64.3 83.8 43.3 48.7 53.0 52.2 8.7 77.2 14.1 44.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..DenmarkB 371.0 722.9 6.9 12.5 51.5 50.6 11.7 79.9 8.4 37.2 47.6 39.9 5.5 667.0 1,395.6 a, b, d, e A, BEstoniaB 249.5 190.2 17.8 14.4 59.6 57.6 3.6 54.9 41.5 61.5 92.4 0.5 0.2 4.1 545.4 a, b, d, e A, BFaroe IslandsB 3.6 6.5 7.7 13.3 46.5 49.1 34.6 57.3 8.2 30.8 84.6 0.0 0.0 43.0 172.7 .. ..FinlandB, 21 136.2 383.1 2.6 6.9 50.5 48.8 13.7 81.0 5.3 36.1 50.2 24.0 6.3 473.0 944.9 a, b, d, e A, BIcelandB 15.9 52.4 5.7 15.5 54.7 47.4 16.2 79.7 4.1 32.7 75.8 0.7 1.4 87.6 179.1 a, b, d A, BIrelandB 350.6 833.6 9.3 17.1 50.7 50.3 18.1 73.3 8.6 36.2 76.5 12.3 1.5 252.4 639.8 a, b, d A, BIsle of ManB 39.0 42.9 50.7 50.7 52.0 51.2 6.8 65.6 27.6 53.2 96.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..LatviaB 430.2 237.3 18.0 12.4 58.7 60.6 3.7 49.2 47.1 63.9 93.6 0.7 0.3 72.3 1,268.9 a, b, d, e BLithuaniaB 214.3 117.2 6.1 4.2 53.1 57.9 10.2 54.8 35.0 59.9 93.3 1.9 1.6 49.9 1,387.6 a, b, d, e A, BNorwayB, 22 292.4 867.8 6.5 16.1 50.5 48.0 12.5 81.4 6.1 36.9 52.1 62.1 7.2 270.0 679.9 a, b, d, e A, BSwedenB 1,003.8 2,005.2 11.3 20.0 52.2 49.7 12.8 72.7 14.5 40.8 39.3 292.5 14.6 438.0 3,052.0 a, b, d, e A, BUnited KingdomB 4,730.2 9,552.1 8.0 14.1 52.9 52.0 9.6 79.4 11.0 37.5 35.9 162.2 1.7 3,610.0 5,435.4 a, b, d, e A, BSouthern Europe 7,681.7 16,503.6 5.3 10.8 52.0 53.1 8.4 81.4 10.2 42.1 52.2 542.1 3.3 15,637.2 39,857.5 AlbaniaB 76.7 49.2 2.5 1.7 53.1 49.0 52.8 39.6 7.6 18.6 88.7 0.2 0.3 598.0 1,449.8 a, b, c, d, e A, BAndorraC 42.1 45.1 64.5 58.5 47.6 48.8 7.5 74.3 18.2 48.0 94.8 0.0 0.0 .. .. - A, BBosnia and HerzegovinaI R 83.0 35.7 2.2 1.1 52.2 52.4 16.0 73.2 10.7 39.1 100.0 5.4 15.2 1,607.3 2,194.1 a, b, c, d, e A, BCroatiaB R 585.3 518.1 13.2 12.5 53.0 53.7 3.4 69.3 27.3 54.0 98.7 0.8 0.2 640.9 2,941.9 a, b, d, e A, BGibraltarB 8.1 11.2 25.9 33.2 52.0 49.5 22.9 71.7 5.4 34.9 88.6 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..GreeceB 1,111.7 1,211.4 10.0 11.6 49.6 53.8 5.9 82.6 11.5 44.7 67.8 83.1 6.9 2,191.0 405.8 a, b, d, e A, BHoly SeeI, 23 0.8 0.8 100.0 100.0 51.7 53.3 .. .. .. .. .. 0.0 0.0 .. .. a, b ..ItalyB 2,121.7 6,273.7 3.7 10.4 54.0 53.6 8.6 85.6 5.8 40.4 52.5 354.7 5.7 1,935.8 9,602.9 a, b, d, e BMaltaB 21.5 84.9 5.5 19.3 52.2 45.9 10.5 81.2 8.3 34.9 54.9 9.3 10.9 20.0 277.9 a, b, d, e A, BMontenegroB .. 71.0 .. 11.3 .. 60.6 7.2 72.0 20.9 47.4 99.1 1.0 1.3 .. 611.8 a, b, d, e A, BNorth MacedoniaB 125.7 131.2 6.2 6.3 58.3 58.3 15.6 56.8 27.6 52.4 83.1 0.4 0.3 80.9 344.4 a, b, d, e A, BPortugalB 651.5 888.2 6.3 8.7 50.8 53.6 7.2 83.2 9.5 43.3 33.4 1.7 0.2 3,496.1 4,773.4 a, b, d, e A, BSan MarinoC 4.0 5.5 14.7 16.3 46.2 46.7 14.9 81.1 4.0 36.5 97.7 0.0 0.0 .. .. d, e A, BSerbiaB, 24 977.9 820.3 9.7 9.4 55.2 56.0 3.3 64.5 32.2 56.5 99.1 32.3 3.9 .. 4,322.4 a, b, d, e A, BSloveniaB 214.5 253.1 10.8 12.2 46.5 43.7 6.6 73.8 19.6 50.2 97.3 0.8 0.3 205.2 631.9 a, b, d, e A, BSpainB, 25 1,657.3 6,104.2 4.1 13.1 49.4 52.3 9.6 81.1 9.3 40.8 37.3 52.4 0.9 4,862.0 12,301.1 a, b, d, e A, BWestern Europe 20,840.4 30,427.3 11.4 15.6 50.1 49.7 8.5 76.0 15.5 43.5 50.7 2,262.6 7.4 16,915.9 65,482.3 AustriaB 996.5 1,779.9 12.3 19.9 52.0 50.9 10.4 77.9 11.7 39.3 72.9 171.6 9.6 1,809.0 3,292.4 a, b, d, e BBelgiumB 1,268.4 1,981.9 12.3 17.2 49.8 50.6 11.4 75.2 13.3 41.1 50.8 60.9 3.1 .. 11,449.8 a, b, d, e A, BFranceB 6,278.7 8,334.9 10.6 12.8 50.7 51.8 9.3 68.8 21.9 48.0 32.1 400.2 4.8 8,610.0 26,428.0 a, b, d, e A, BGermanyB 8,992.6 13,132.1 11.0 15.7 49.9 47.6 7.3 79.5 13.2 42.3 58.2 1,399.7 10.7 3,639.9 17,364.1 a, b, d, e A, BLiechtensteinB 15.5 25.5 46.7 67.0 48.5 51.3 14.3 71.8 13.9 43.4 94.0 0.3 1.0 .. .. a, b, d, e BLuxembourgB 139.8 291.7 32.0 47.4 50.4 49.0 10.2 78.5 11.3 42.0 86.3 3.5 1.2 579.0 1,915.2 a, b, d, e A, BMonacoB 21.8 26.5 67.8 68.0 52.0 51.5 8.1 60.0 31.9 54.6 100.0 0.0 0.1 .. .. a, b, d, e A, BNetherlandsB 1,556.3 2,282.8 9.8 13.4 50.8 51.7 8.2 78.3 13.5 42.7 31.9 109.7 4.8 1,158.0 2,547.7 a, b, d, e A, BSwitzerlandB 1,570.8 2,572.0 22.0 29.9 46.4 50.8 8.1 78.5 13.4 43.1 71.1 116.7 4.5 1,120.0 2,485.1 a, b, d, e BNORTHERN AMERICA 40,351.7 58,647.8 12.9 16.0 50.5 51.8 8.8 75.1 16.2 43.5 2.5 1,086.3 1.9 4,400.0 9,420.8 BermudaB 17.7 19.3 27.2 30.9 51.7 51.2 9.0 75.7 15.3 45.7 32.3 0.0 0.0 .. 1,595.3 .. ..CanadaB 5,511.9 7,960.7 18.0 21.3 51.8 52.4 9.1 67.6 23.2 49.0 6.7 156.6 2.0 .. 1,408.6 a, b, d, e A, BGreenlandB 6.6 5.7 11.8 10.0 30.1 34.2 13.3 77.7 8.9 42.6 0.9 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..Saint Pierre and MiquelonB 1.5 1.0 23.2 17.0 48.1 47.6 23.8 68.9 7.3 35.1 25.2 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. ..United States of AmericaB 34,814.1 50,661.1 12.4 15.4 50.3 51.7 8.7 76.2 15.1 42.8 1.7 929.8 1.8 4,400.0 6,416.9 b, d, e -