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Transcript of International Forum on Monitoring National Development: Issues and Challenges Beijing, People’s...
International Forum on Monitoring National Development: Issues and Challenges
Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaSeptember 2011
Bernard Williams
Assistant Statistician
International Accounts and Financial Statistics Branch
Macroeconomics and Integration Group
Australian Bureau of Statistics1
The ABS• … is Australia’s official national statistical agency.• … has the authority to conduct statistical
collections.• … has obligations to publish and disseminate
compilations and analyses of statistical information, and to maintain the confidentiality of information.
• …ensures formulation, and compliance with, standards for the carrying out by official bodies of operations for statistical purposes.
2
Use of Standards in Australia• The ABS is a strong contributor to the
development of international standards e.g.– 2008 System of National Accounts
(2008SNA)– Balance of Payments Manual version 6
(BPM6).
3
Use of Standards in Australia (continued)• International standards are the starting point.• Departures from standards must be:
– few in number & demonstrate a significant benefit or avoidance of an unwarranted cost
– carried through to all accounts/statistics– enable a straightforward reconciliation with the
standard where feasible– implemented after extensive consultation and
publicity.
4
Measuring Development• Well structured and coherent set of
macroeconomic statistics are essential– e.g. by participating in the International
Comparison Program.
Measuring Development (continued)• International organisations should ensure
standards are fit for purpose, scalable and reasonabe to implement.– SNA Friends of the Chair Group trying to
understand barriers preventing earlier adoption of revised standards e.g. 1993SNA 2008SNA.
Measuring Development (continued)• Additional measures can extend the core
set of macroeconomic statistics but must be coherent– e.g. SEEA
GDP• A measure of market production useful in
managing the macroeconomy. • It is well known but its limitations as a
measure of overall progress are not well understood.
• Need to also consider measures of income, consumption and household wealth.
Data needs of Australian Commonwealth Departments• Timeliness
• Coherence (consistency with other information, both ABS and non-ABS)
• Reliability
• Compatibility with foreign data
• Information to assist interpretation
• Easy electronic access to data upon release.
Data needs of Australian Com’lth Departments (continued)• Key datasets included in IMF’s SDDS:
– National accounts– BoP and IIP– Consumer and Producer Prices– Labour market– Government operations and debt– Merchandise trade– Population estimates.
Data needs of Australian Com’lth Departments (continued)• Also require:
– Distributional data– Regional data
• These datasets require many high quality inputs.
The Australian Treasury’s wellbeing framework• Five dimensions:
– Freedom and opportunity– Consumption possibilities– Distribution– Risk– Complexity.
The Australian Treasury’s wellbeing framework (continued)• Most policy reforms involve trade-offs
within or between the dimensions.– These trade-offs can be complex and
multidimensional.– Decisions ultimately made by the political
process.
The relationship with one agencyData collection
- ABS censuses & surveys
- Surveys by others, HILDA
- administrative collections, ATO, APRA, Customs …
Data integration & analysis by the ABS
Data integration & analysis by the Agency
Policy analysis by the Agency
Statistical advice data definitions, units rules, class’ns, standards, data quality.
International practices
Analytical frameworks, data requirements
Modelling frameworks integrate many series
Input-output tables
Government Finance
Labour Force
Demography
Energy supply & use
State & Territory regional disaggregation of national aggregates
Model benchmark data base
Supported by historical trends data on:- Demography- Productivity- Terms of trade- Labour market …
Benchmark data Economic & demographic projections to 2050