Internal Conflict in Sub- Saharan Africa Wesley Fan Reece Morgan Katheryn Shi Nicholas Van Bemmelen.
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Transcript of Internal Conflict in Sub- Saharan Africa Wesley Fan Reece Morgan Katheryn Shi Nicholas Van Bemmelen.
Internal Conflict in Sub-Internal Conflict in Sub-Saharan AfricaSaharan Africa
Wesley FanWesley FanReece MorganReece MorganKatheryn ShiKatheryn Shi
Nicholas Van BemmelenNicholas Van Bemmelen
Map of Conflicts
Central African Central African RepublicRepublic
• 1996-present• Cause: general civil unrest and poor government
management• 3 army mutinies since 1996, economic crisis
causes public dissatisfaction and violent protest• Methods: mutiny, violence, protesting, marching
demonstration at Bangui• Goals: better government
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone
• 1990-2002• Cause: attempted overthrow of governments by
Revolutionary United Front (RUF) • Most of RUF consists of kidnapped children• Civil war in Liberia helped start actual fighting• Methods: protest, fighting and massacres• Goals: maintain control of diamond fields
Map of Conflicts
Ivory CoastIvory Coast
• 1999-present• Cause: many changes in government and unfair
elections that created unrest among supporters of different political parties
• Many presidential candidates held unfair elections, barring other candidates from running or claiming poll fraud when they did not win
• Methods: coups and fighting• Goals: a fair presidential process
SudanSudan
• 1983-2005 Second Civil War - extension of first• Cause: President Gaafar Nimeiri's decision to
break the Addis Ababa Agreement by imposing Sharia instead of a democracy
• Fighting between Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)
• Methods: war• Goals: abolish Islamic Law
Sudan ContinuedSudan Continued• 2005 Darfur Conflict• Cause: ethical conflicts in the region between Sudanese
Arabs and blacks• Started in western Sudan• Sudanese government is aiding the Janjaweed - denies • Multiple organizations rebelling against the Janjaweed,
some have signed peace treaties, others continue to fight
• Methods: war crimes, rebellion attacks, unofficial genocide
• Goals: better quality of life for rebels
Map of Conflicts
AngolaAngola
• 1992-present• Cause: UNITA charges that the MPLA party had
committed electoral fraud• Methods: sanctions by UN, fighting• Goal: peace among the warring political parties
of Angola
SenegalSenegal
• 1982-2004• Cause: disrespect for cultural norms, poor
economy, unemployment, land rights• Independence rebellion (MFDC) against central
government in Dakar• Methods: mines, massacres, torture• Goals: independence from central government in
Dakar
Map of Conflicts
BurundiBurundi
• 1970-1974• Cause: differences among the Hutu and Tutsi
tribes• Hutus launched a rebellion against the Tutsi
minority’s domination of Burundi in 1972 - unsuccessful
• Methods: war and violence, massacre• Goals: find peace among the tribes
RwandaRwanda
• 1990-1994• Cause: Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invades
in attempt to overthrow Hutuled Rwandan government, peace until downing of presidential plane causes ethnic violence leading to massacre
• Methods: war and massacre, genocide • Goal: to create a new coalition government