INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND STEAM ENGINES. THE STEAM ENGINE.
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Transcript of INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND STEAM ENGINES. THE STEAM ENGINE.
![Page 1: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND STEAM ENGINES. THE STEAM ENGINE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d8c5503460f94a7374b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND STEAM ENGINES
![Page 2: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND STEAM ENGINES. THE STEAM ENGINE.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081506/56649d8c5503460f94a7374b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THE STEAM ENGINE
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Steam Engine Basic Information
• Thomas Savery an English military engineer patented the first crude steam engine
• He had been working on solving the problem of pumping water out of coal mines, his machine consisted of a closed vessel filled with water into which steam under pressure was introduced.
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How The Steam Engine Works• The valve allows high-pressure steam to act
alternately on both faces of the piston• The slide valve is in charge of letting the high-
pressure steam into either side of the cylinder. The control rod for the valve is usually hooked into a linkage attached to the cross-head, so that the motion of the cross-head slides the valve as well.
• On a steam locomotive, this linkage also allows the engineer to put the train into reverse.
• The exhaust steam simply vents out into the air. This fact explains two things about steam locomotives:
• •It explains why they have to take on water at the station -- the water is constantly being lost through the steam exhaust. It explains where the "choo-choo" sound comes from. When the valve opens the cylinder to release its steam exhaust. The steam escapes under a great deal of pressure and makes a "choo!" sound as it exits. When the train is first starting, the piston is moving very slowly, but then as the train starts rolling the piston gains speed.
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Different Types of Steam Engines
• Simple expansion-one cylinder.• Oscillating cylinder steam engines- simple expansion
steam engine which does not require valves• Compound Engine-steam enters the cylinder at high
temperature and leaves at low temperature.• Multiple Expansion Engine-More than one cylinder.• Uniflow Engine- provides an additional port
uncovered by the piston at the end of each stroke making the steam flow only in one direction.
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THE FIRST STEAM ENGINE
• YouTube - Steam Engines - The Aoelipile
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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
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Basic Information about Internal Combustion Engines
• The first person to experiment with an internal-combustion engine was a Dutch physicist Christian Huygens in about 1680. But no effective gasoline-powered engine was developed until 1859.
• The French engineer J. J. Étienne Lenoir built a double-acting, spark-ignition engine that could be operated continuously.
• The first successful 4 stroke engine was known as the “otto cycle”
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How the Internal Combustion Engine works
• 1.The piston starts at the top then the intake valve opens, and the piston moves down to let the engine take in a cylinder-full of air and gasoline. This is the intake stroke. Only the tiniest drop of gasoline needs to be mixed into the air for this to work.
• Then the piston moves back up to compress this fuel/air mixture. Compression makes the explosion more powerful.
• When the piston reaches the top of its stroke, the spark plug emits a spark to ignite the gasoline. The gasoline charge in the cylinder explodes, driving the piston down.
• Once the piston hits the bottom of its stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the exhaust leaves the cylinder to go out the tailpipe.
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Different Types of Internal Combustion Engines
• 2 Stroke Cycle• 4 Stroke Cycle• 6 Stroke Engine• Atkinson Cycle• Wankel Engine• Brayton Cycle(Gas turbine, Jet Engine)
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The First Combustion Engine
• HowStuffWorks Videos "The Stuff of Genius: Internal Combustion Engine"