Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1...

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Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 1 Property\State Gas Liquid Solid Intermolecular Interaction Virtually none Considerable interaction Considerable interaction Flow Fluid – free flow Fluid – nearly free flow Rigid – virtually none Actual/Occupied Volume Ratio Close to Negligible Slightly<1.00 Slightly<1.00 Mode of Motion Virtually random translational motion Restricted translational motion Vibration about fixed sites only Simple Equation of State Yes No No Comparison of Gases, Liquids and Solids

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Transcript of Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1...

Page 1: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 1

Property\State Gas Liquid Solid

Intermolecular Interaction Virtually none Considerable interaction Considerable interaction

Flow Fluid – free flow Fluid – nearly free flow Rigid – virtually none

Actual/Occupied Volume Ratio Close to Negligible Slightly<1.00 Slightly<1.00

Mode of Motion Virtually random translational motion

Restricted translational motion

Vibration about fixed sites only

Simple Equation of State Yes No No

Comparison of Gases, Liquids and Solids

Page 2: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 2

Phase Changes

Page 3: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 3

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Page 4: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 4

Ion-Dipole Forces

Page 5: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 5

Formation of Induced Dipole in a Helium Atom

No induction in (a), since there are no ions or polar molecules in close proximity.

Induction in (b) doe to presence of near ion or polar molecule

Page 6: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 6

Induced Dipoles in Helium

The indcued dipoles exist only momentarily. Nevertheless, at low enough temperatures, the generated disperion forces are sufficient for helium to condense.

Page 7: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 7

Hydrogen Bonds in Water

Page 8: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 8

Surface Tension

Page 9: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 9

Capillary Action

(a) Adhesion is higher (b) Cohesion is higher

Page 10: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 10

Unit Cell and 3-D Depiction

Unit Cell 3-D Structure

Page 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 11

Seven Types of Units Cells – Seven Crystal Systems

Page 12: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 12

Packing of Spheres – Simple Cubic Cell

Page 13: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 13

Packing of Spheres – Body Centred Cubic Cell

Page 14: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 14

Closest Packing – Two Arrangements

Page 15: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 15

Cubic Unit Cells

Page 16: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 16

Radii and Edge Length Relationships for Cubic Cell

Page 17: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 17

X-Ray Diffraction

d

Page 18: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 18

Crystal Structure of NaCl

Page 19: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 19

Diamond and Graphite – Covalent Crystals

Page 20: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 20

Properties of Crystals

Page 21: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 21

Vapour Pressure

Page 22: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 22

Vapour Pressure - Temperature

Page 23: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 23

A Typical Heating CurveT

emp

erat

ure

Time

solid solid+liquid liquid liquid+vapour vapour

temperature rise

melting temperature rise

temperature rise

vaporisation

Tm

Tb

mH bH

(Energy added at constant rate)

Page 24: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Property\StateGasLiquidSolid Intermolecular Interaction.

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal Onurhan Slide 24

Phase Diagrams


Copyright © Erdal Cayirci, 2010 1/326 Security in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Erdal Cayirci Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department.

Copyright © Erdal Cayirci, 2010 1/326 Security in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Erdal Cayirci Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Department.

Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids · Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids ... “Intermolecular Forces ... Intermolecular forces influence chemistry in many

Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids · Chapter 12 Intermolecular Forces and Liquids ... “Intermolecular Forces ... Intermolecular forces influence chemistry in many

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Two Isotopes of Carbon C-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons with.

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Two Isotopes of Carbon C-12 has 6 protons and 6 neutrons with.

Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular forces are weak, short-range attractive forces between atoms or molecules. Intermolecular forces ultimately derive.

Intermolecular Forces. Intermolecular forces are weak, short-range attractive forces between atoms or molecules. Intermolecular forces ultimately derive.

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Periodic Table.

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Periodic Table.

Summary on intermolecular forces. Origin of intermolecular forces Intermolecular forces are the forces that hold the molecules together. Intermolecular.

Summary on intermolecular forces. Origin of intermolecular forces Intermolecular forces are the forces that hold the molecules together. Intermolecular.

Energy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Spontaneity.

Energy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium General Chemistry II CHM 112 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Spontaneity.

Intermolecular Attractions. Types of Intermolecular Attractions There are three types of intermolecular attractions: London Forces Dipole-dipole Hydrogen.

Intermolecular Attractions. Types of Intermolecular Attractions There are three types of intermolecular attractions: London Forces Dipole-dipole Hydrogen.

1 Intermolecular Forces Chemistry. 2 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms.

1 Intermolecular Forces Chemistry. 2 Intermolecular Forces Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. Intramolecular forces hold atoms.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Dalton’s Atomic Theory Based on 4 postulates o Elements are composed of.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Dalton’s Atomic Theory Based on 4 postulates o Elements are composed of.

Chemistry: The Study of Change General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Some Definitions First CHEMISTRY studies MATTER. MATTER is anything.

Chemistry: The Study of Change General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Some Definitions First CHEMISTRY studies MATTER. MATTER is anything.

Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Molecular Geometry of.

Chemical Bonding II – Molecular Geometry and Hybridisation of Atomic Orbitals General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Molecular Geometry of.

Intermolecular Attractions

Intermolecular Attractions

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES. A Quick Introduction Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Short-range attractive forces.

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES. A Quick Introduction Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Intermolecular forces exist everywhere Short-range attractive forces.

Intermolecular interactions

Intermolecular interactions

Erdal izol.2

Erdal izol.2

Erdal Gezici 2009503035 Industrial Engineering Department,

Erdal Gezici 2009503035 Industrial Engineering Department,

Intermolecular forces

Intermolecular forces

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Wave Properties A wave is defined as a continuously.

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms General Chemistry I CHM 111 Dr Erdal OnurhanSlide 1 Wave Properties A wave is defined as a continuously.