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CONTESSA . GABRIEL,RM,RN,MAN

( Professor )

Ramon Magsaysay Technological University

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Factors Affecting Health and IllnessPhysical Dimension

Genetic make-up, age, developmental level, race and sexare all part of an individuals physical dimension andstrongly influence health status and health practices.

Examples:

a) The toddler just learning to walk is prone to fail andinjure himself.

b) The young woman who has a family history of breastcancer and diabetes and therefore is at a higher risk to

develop these conditions.

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Emotional DimensionHow the mind and body interact to affect body function

and to respond to body conditions also influences health.Long term stress affects the body systems and anxietyaffects health habits; conversely, calm acceptance and

relaxation can actually change body responses to illness.Examples:

a) Prior to a test, a student always has diarrhea.

b) Extremely nervous about a surgery, a man experiences

severe pain following his operation.c) Using relaxation techniques, a young woman reduces her

pain during the delivery of her baby.

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Intellectual Dimension

The intellectual dimension encompasses cognitive abilities,educational background and past experiences. Theseinfluence a clients responses to teaching about health andreactions to health care during illness. They also play amajor role in health behaviors.

Examples:

a) An elderly woman who has only a third-grade educationwho needs teaching about a complicated diagnostic test.

b) A young college student with diabetes who follows adiabetic diet but continues to drink beer and eat pizzawith friends several times a week.

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Environmental Dimension

The environment has many influences on health andillness. Housing, sanitation, climate and pollution ofair, food and water are aspects of environmentaldimension.

Examples:

a) Increased incidence of asthma and respiratoryproblems in large cities with smog.

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Socio-cultural DimensionHealth practices and beliefs are strongly influenced by a

persons economic level, lifestyle, family and culture. Low-income groups are less likely to seek health care to preventor treat illness; high-income groups are more prone tostress-related habits and illness. The family and the cultureto which the person belongs determine patterns of livingsand values, about health and illness that are oftenunalterable.

Examples:

a) The adolescent who sees nothing wrong with smoking or

drinking because his parents smoke and drink.b) The person of Asian descent who uses herbal remedies

and acupuncture to treat an illness.

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Spiritual Dimension

Spiritual and religious beliefs are importantcomponents of the way the person behaves in healthand illness.

Examples:

a) Roman Catholics require baptism for both live birthsand stillborn babies.

b) Jehovah Witnesses are opposed to bloodtransfusions.

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THANK YOU!