Interior Finish Materials...Ceramic Mosaic Tile Has a porcelain or natural clay body Glazed for...

Ceramic Tile

Ceramic tiles are relatively small, modular surfacing units made of clay or other ceramic material

The tiles are fired in a kiln at very high temperatures

The result is a durable, dense material that is water-resistant, difficult to stain, and easy to clean; its colors generally do not fade

Ceramic tile is available glazed or unglazed.

Interior Finish Materials

Ceramic Tile Types

Glazed Wall Tile

Has a non-vitreous body and a bright, matte, or crystalline glaze

Used for surfacing interior walls and light-duty floors


Ceramic Tile Types

Ceramic Mosaic Tile

Has a porcelain or natural clay body

Glazed for surfacing walls or unglazed for use on both floors and walls

Are usually faced with paper or backed with mesh to form 1” x 1” (505 x 505) or 2”x 2” (305 X 610) sections with the proper tile spacing


Ceramic Tile Types

Quarry and Paver Tiles

Unglazed floor tile of natural clay or porcelain.

Impervious to dirt, moisture, and stains, and resistant to freezing and abrasion

They are weatherproof and can be used on floors subject to heavy-duty loads.


Shapes of Ceramic Tile


Ceramic TileApplication

Thinset Process

Tile is bonded to a continuous, stable backing with a thin coat of dry-set mortar, latex-portland cement mortar, epoxy mortar, or an organic adhesive

Require a solid, dimensionally stable backing of gypsum plaster, gypsum board, or plywood

In wet areas around bathtubs and showers use 1/2” thick glass-fiber-reinforced concrete backerboard and set the tile

with latex-portland cement or dry-set mortar.



Thickset Process

Tile is applied over a bed of Portland cement mortar

This relatively thick bed allows for accurate slopes and true planes in the finished work. The mortar bed is also not affected by prolonged contact with water

Suitable backings for cement mortar bed installations include brick or concrete block masonry, monolithic concrete, plywood, gypsum plaster, and gypsum board.

The setting bed is ¾” to 1” (19 to 25) thick on walls and 1 ½” to 2” thick on floors

1/16” bond coat of Portland cement or1/8” to ¼” thick coat of latex Portland cement (if mortar bed

is fully cured)



Interior wall



Interior floor applications



Shower, tub, and Countertop


Terrazzo Flooring

Terrazzo is a mosaic floor or paving composed of

marble or other stone chips, set in a cementitious or resinous matrix and ground and polished when dry

It provides a dense, extremely durable, smooth flooring surface whose mottled coloring is controlled by the size and colors of the aggregate and the color of the binder


Terrazzo Flooring

Metal or plastic-tipped divider strips are used:

To localize shrinkage cracking; To serve as construction joints; To separate the different colors

and patterns To act as decorative elements

Expansion joints are required over isolation or expansion joints in the sub-floor.


Terrazzo Flooring Application/Types

Thinset

Monolithic

Bonded


Terrazzo Flooring Application/Types

Chemically bonded

Sand cushion

Terrazzo base


Wood Flooring

Wood flooring combines durability and wear resistance with comfort and warmth

Durable, hard, close-grained species of both hardwood and softwood are used for flooring

Common species of hardwood flooring species include oak, maple, birch, pecan, and cherry

Common species of softwood flooring include southern pine, Douglas fir, and hemlock


Wood Flooring Strip Flooring

Flooring is composed of long wood trips 3-1/4” (85) or less in face width


Wood Flooring Plank Flooring

Plank flooring refers to flooring boards that are wider than 3-1/4”


Wood Flooring Block Flooring

Block flooring is composed of square units preassembled at the mill and usually installed with mastic over a wood sub-floor or concrete slab.


Wood Flooring Application

Wood strip and plankflooring requires:

A wood subfloor or A base of spaced sleepers



Treated wood sleepers are usually required over concrete slabs to receive a subfloor or the finish flooring



Wood flooring will shrink and swell as its moisture content changes with variations in atmospheric humidity

Should not be installed until the building is enclosed, permanent lighting and the heating plant are installed, and all building materials are dry

The wood flooring should be stored for several days in the space where it will be installed to allow the flooring to become acclimated to the interior conditions



space should be provided along the perimeter for ventilation and expansion of the flooring


Stone Flooring

Consists of sandstone, limestone, polished marble or granite, or split-face slate

Consideration needs to be given to the additional weight

The tiles or slabs may be laid in regular or irregular patterns over a Portland cement mortar bed in a manner similar to e installation of ceramic tile flooring

Thin stone flooring may also be applied using the thinset process.


Stone Flooring


Resilient Flooring

Resilient flooring materials provide an economical relatively dense, non-absorbent flooring surface that is durable and easy to maintain


Resilient Flooring


Resilient Flooring Types

Performance characteristics:

Resilience and quietness:cork tile, rubber tile, homogenous vinyl tile

Resistance to indentation: homogeneous vinyl tile, vinyl sheet, cork tile w/ vinyl coating

Stain resistance:rubber tile, homogeneous vinyl tile, vinyl composition tile, linoleum


Resilient Flooring Types

Performance characteristics:Alkali Resistance:

Cork tile with vinyl coating, vinyl sheet, homogenous vinyl tile, rubber tile

Grease resistanceVinyl sheet, homogenous vinyl tile, cork tile with vinyl coating, linoleum

DurabilityHomogenous vinyl tile, vinyl sheet, vinyl composition tile, rubber tile

Ease of maintenance:Vinyl sheet, homogenous sheet vinyl tile, vinyl composition tile, cork tile with vinyl coating


Resilient Flooring InstallationWood

Surface must be smooth, firm, clean, and dry

Double layerwood floor consists of

hardboard underlayment at least 1/4” (6) thick or

sanded plywood underlayment at least 3/8” (10) thick(Laid with the face grain perpendicular to floor joists or to flooring boards)


Resilient Flooring InstallationWood

Single layer wood floor consists of subfloor / underlayment panels at least 5/8” (16) thick, laid with the face grain perpendicular to floor joists or to flooring boards


Resilient Flooring InstallationConcrete

Surface must be smooth, dense, clean, dry


Interior Finish Materials...Ceramic Mosaic Tile Has a porcelain or natural clay body Glazed for...

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