Interdisciplinary Approaches to Energy Education …...MI Conference Organization September 22-23,...
Transcript of Interdisciplinary Approaches to Energy Education …...MI Conference Organization September 22-23,...
Town Hall Meeting FAFS, MSFEA, Qatar Foundation, Texas A&M University (TAMU) and TAMU Qatar
Feb 7, 2018, College Hall, B1 Auditorium
Nesreen GhaddarProfessor of Mechanical Engineering - MSFEA
Director of the Munib and Angela Masri Institute of Energy and Natural Resources American University of Beirut
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Energy Education and Energy
Research
In support of research culture focused on energy and energy efficiency themes
Specialized Graduate Degree Programs
Master of Engineering; Major: Applied Energy (focused mainly on efficient energy systems for buildings with high‐quality indoor environments; integration of renewable energy technologies with conventional systems to improve sustainability of energy supply)
PhD in Engineering; Major: Mechanical Engineering
Master of Science ; Major: Energy Studies (Interdisciplinary and accept students from different UG majors)
MSFEA Professional Online Diploma in Green Technologies in three concentrations of Energy, Buildings, and Water
Bridging academic and professional collaboration, outreach and knowledge dissemination:
Munib and Angela Masri Institute of Energy and Natural Resources
Aims to promote research in science and engineering that contributes to the sustainable and responsible use, management, and conservation of natural resources and energy.
Governed by a Steering Committee of faculty members from FEA and FAS
Established a community of AUB scholars in energy and water experts
The Community of Energy and Water Experts
Abdel Rahman, Abdel Fattah | GEOLOGY Abou Najm, Majdi| CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERINGAbu Tarboush, Bilal | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGAhmed, Mohammad | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGAkkary, Haitham | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERINGAl‐Ghoul, Mazen | CHEMISTRY Al‐Hindi, Mahmoud | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGAntar, Ghassan | PHYSICS Artail, Hassan | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Asmar, Daniel | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Awad, Mariette | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERINGAzizi, Fouad | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGChaaban, Farid | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Chedid, Riad | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Chehab, Ali | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERINGChehab, Ghassan | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Costantine, Joseph | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERINGDagher, Leila | ECONOMICS Darwish, Marwan | MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGDigambara, Patra | CHEMISTRY El Fadel, Mutasem | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING El Hajj, Imad | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING El Rassy, Houssam | CHEMISTRY Ghaddar, Nesreen | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Ghaddar, Tarek | CHEMISTRY Ghali, Kamel | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Ghauch, Antoine | CHEMISTRYHajj, Hazem | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Halaoui, Lara | CHEMISTRY Hmadeh, Mohamad | CHEMISTRY Jaafar, Hadi | AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SCIENCESJabr, Rabih | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Kaafarani, Bilal | CHEMISTRY Kanj, Roweida | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Karaki, Sami | ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Karam, Pierre | CHEMISTRYKayssi, Ayman | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Kazan, Michel | PHYSICS Khodr, Hiba | PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Khoury, Hiam | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERINGLakkis, Issam | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Maddah, Bacel | INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT Mansour, Mohammad | ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Moukalled, Fadl | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Moussawi, Lama | BUSINESS INFORMATION AND DECISION SYSTEMS Najjar, Shadi | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Oweis, Ghanem | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Saad, George | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Saad, Walid | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERINGSadek, Salah | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Salam, Darine | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Shammas, Elie | MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Srour, Issam | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Suidan, Makram | CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERINGTabbal, Malek | PHYSICS Yassine, Ali | INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT Zeaiter, Joseph | CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
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60+ AUB faculty have received funding from the MI and are active members from Five Faculties: FAFS, FAS, MSFEA, FHS, and OSB
http://www.aub.edu.lb/units/masri_institute/about/Pages/members.aspx
Role of the Institute in Research
Annual funding up to $120,000+ of interdisciplinary projects in the following research themes:
Alternative energy and energy efficiency Exploration and recovery of oil and gasWater and Mineral Resources Efficient downstream processing of oil and
gas Energy management and resource planning Policy research, legislation development,
and technology need assessment
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Research Area/Cluster Membership
Material Characterization
G. Chehab (Chair); G. Oweis, F. Azizi
Design for Offshore Structures (Blast, Fire, seismic)
M. Harajli (Chair), G. Saad, R. Hamadeh, S. Najjar, H. Basha, E. Hantoush
Instrumentation, Control, and Wireless Sensing
I. Hajj (Chair), M. Liermann; I. Abou Faycal. D. Asmar, E. Shammas
Big Data H. Artail (Chair), Hazem Hajj, H. Akkary, R. Kanj
Modeling and Simulation
F. Moukalled (chair), M. Darwish, F. Azizi, G. Saad
Project Evaluation B. Maddah (chair), I. Srour, F. Hamzeh, M. Hindi
Risk Assessment and Worker Productivity
K. Ghali (Chair), N. Ghaddar, M. Awwad, S. Alkaisi, R. Hamade
Remediation of Oil Spills
D. Salam (Chair), M. Ahmad, W., Saad, I. Hajj, M. Suidan
Example of MI Research ClustersIn February 2014, Institute members, Advisory Board and Petroleum Authority representative to discuss forming research clusters related to the Oil and Gas Sector.
• Seminars• Lecture Series• Visiting Fellows• Research Awards• International Workshops• High Impact Conferences• Professional Training Programs
Activities of the Masri Institute of Energy and Natural Resources
• Consulting Services to Energy and Governmental Stakeholders.
• Facilitate research and development projects on energy to be performed at relevant academic units at AUB
• Support Educational Outreach Projects (Pro‐Green)
MI Conference Organization
September 22-23, 2016, ASHRAE and MI organized at AUB 2nd International ASHRAE Conference and Exhibition on Efficient Building Design - Materials and HVAC Equipment Technologies. More than 28 scientific peer-reviewed papers, 6 keynote lectures, and 6 industrial session papers were presented and 200 attendees.The 3rd conference will be held at AUB in 4-5 October, 2018.
https://www.ashrae.org/membership‐‐conferences/conferences/ashrae‐conferences/third‐international‐conference‐on‐efficient‐building‐design
JOINT ONLINE PROFESSIONAL DIPLOMA IN GREEN TECHNOLOGIES (First in the Region)
New joint online professional diploma in green technologies (energy, buildings, and water) was launched in January 2015
The Online Professional Joint Diploma in Green Technologies is a unique and focused program that caters to professionals from a variety of engineering and science disciplines aspiring to enhance their skills in green technologies and green businesses and working towards common goals that integrate green technologies in their designs.
The Online Professional Diploma in Green Technologies
Students can complete the 18 credit program on Moodle, an open‐source e‐learning platform ideally in 12‐18 months
Students can draw from the expertise of 40+ faculty members from three institutions: AUB, LAU, and AUC offering courses in their area of specialization.
Architecture23%
Engineering59%
Sciences13%
Others 5%
ArchitectureEngineeringSciencesOthers
Human Comfort, Health, and Productivity in Built-in and Outdoor
Environments
Our Research Theme
Faculty Members:Nesreen GhaddarKamel Ghali
Post‐Doctoral fellow: Dr Carine Habchi
PhD Students since 2010:Current: Mariam ItaniDouaa Al‐AssaadFarah MneimnehPast:Dr Alan MakhoulDr Carine HabchiDr Nagham Ismail
Current Graduate students:Rana BachnakRagheb RaadRach Seblany
Past graduate students:About 40+ students completed their master in applied energy or mechanical engineering publishing thesis work on related research
Research GoalTo develop and market technologies to improve human productivity
and health inside and outdoors with minimal energy use.
Global warming will profoundly affect our region, increasing cooling, dehumidification, and ventilation needs caused by increased temperatures and air pollution.
Indoor: Design air conditioning (AC) to deliver Thermal comfort needs to increase human productivity Fresh air needs by providing breathable air of high quality to maintain health
Outdoor: Increase productivity by preventing heat stresses through Clothing and scheduling interventions Bioclimatic Design to mitigate heat island effect
Indoor: Design air conditioning (AC) to deliver Thermal comfort needs to increase human productivity Fresh air needs by providing breathable air of high quality to maintain health
Research areas
Building Envelop including fenestration
Energy‐Efficient Heating Ventilation and Air conditioning (HVAC) System
Optimized HVAC control & operational strategies Natural and Mixed ventilation modes
Integration of renewable energy into HVAC – Hybrid Systems
Air distribution system
Environmental Air Quality & Climate ControlBioheat Modeling of Human Physiology and Thermal Response and Predictive Tools of Thermal Comfort
Smart and wearable systems to influence human behavior
Localized Air‐Conditioning & Personalized Ventilation Task Ventilators
Design & Modeling of Human Clothing System with characteristics that alleviate thermal stress
Contaminant and Particle Transport, Deposition, and Resuspension
Cross‐Contamination between occupants can be direct (by inhalation) or indirect (by contact of contaminated surfaces).
Air cleaning: Filters and UV‐Irradiation
Outdoor: Increase productivity by preventing heat stresses through Clothing and scheduling interventions Bioclimatic Design to mitigate heat island effect
Research areas
Bioheat Modeling of Human Physiology and Thermal Response and Predictive Tools of Thermal Comfort and Stress State
Personal Cooling Systems through smart clothing ‐ Passive cooling vests using phase change material ‐ Active cooling smart vests using fans and
evaporative cooling.
Assess building energy conservation measures toreduce both energy use and UHI effect
“bioclimatic planning” : Environmental factors , building density that affect outdoor microclimates; interventions in building materials (envelop); cooling systems, and infrastructure.
Urban Heat Island (UHI): Predict air temperature, humidity and air speed at pedestrian level
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BioheatModel
•Multi‐node segmental model (15 segments)• Simple but captures physiology based on arterial circulatory system
•Predicts segmental skin and core temperatures and their rate of change
Clothing Model
• Clothing heat and moisture transport• Clothing dynamic insulation
Space /Environment
Model
• Shape factor determination• Predictor of transient room air and wall temperatures
Local and Overall Sensation and
Comfort Modeling
• Zhang Model (2010) of local thermal comfort and sensation as a function of segmental skin and core temperature and their rate of change for influential body segments
• Predict thermal discomfort
Bioheat and Comfort Assessment Tool
Approach: Integration of Human Physiology, Space, and System
Approach : Modeling, CFD Simulations and ExperimentationSimplified models of:• Clothing Ventilation• Air conditioning System Models• Space models• Particle spread models• Particle Deposition and Resuspension Models• Desiccant dehumidification/humidification models
(liquid and solid)• Evaporative Cooling Models
Detailed simulations:• CDF Simulations using commercial software ANSYS of
indoor air transport models for different air distribution systems and configurations
Open source models (UHI)• MESO‐NH: meso‐scale atmospheric model.• SURFEX: package of 4 models for 4 surface types: town
(urban), nature, sea, lakes.• TEB: micro‐scale urban model.• BEM: building energy model.
Approach : Modeling, CFD Simulations and Experimentation‐ Indoor and outdoor climatic chambers completely
instrumented‐ Walking Thermal Manikin‐ Particle concentration measurements/analyzer‐ Gas analyzers‐ Fabric characterization equipment‐ Electrospinning machine to produce nano‐fibers
‐ Human subject Experiments (Effectiveness of cooling vests)
Localized and Personalized Ventilation:
With Mixed Convection and with Displacement Ventilation System1‐ Task Ventilation directly on the face: Reduction 27%2‐ Intermittent Task Ventilation: Reduction 10% reduction in energy consumption
3‐ Ceiling Personalized Ventilation (CPV)‐ CPV aided with desk fan‐ CPV aided with chair fan‐ Increased space utility and minimized cross infection
The low‐mixing coaxial PV nozzle system has showedremarkable ventilation effectiveness values (up to 32%) andenergy savings up to 34%.Desk fans combined with single axial PV allowed to reach aventilation effectiveness of 22.05% and energy savings up to13.25%.
Hybrid Systems: Chilled Ceiling Displacement Ventilation – Evaporative Ceiling – LDS Membrane Ceiling
1. Chilled ceiling displacement ventilation system (CC/DV): Developed Design Charts and optimized operation with online controller (15% additional savings in energy consumption)
2. Replaced the ceiling with evaporative cooled ceiling and added solid desiccant dehumidification (additional 28% reduction from CC/DV)
3. Liquid Desiccant Membrane Cycle at the Ceiling combined with Displacement Ventilation (LDMC‐C/DV) system (49% reduction in electric energy consumption)
Envelop Research – Layering, glazing, use of basement cool air
‐ Optimized Insulation Layering Order in Walls taking into consideration the climate
‐ Envelop material selection, heavy, light, insulation for mechanical, natural, and mixed ventilation systems
‐ Evaporatively cooled window: Solar Chimney Integrated with Passive Evaporative Cooler Applied on Glazing Surfaces (20% in energy savings for dry hot climate)
‐ Trombe Wall inducing Natural Ventilation through cooled Basement Air to meet Space Cooling Needs
Outdoor: Body cooling methods in hot environments
The Use of Personal Cooling Vests with Phase Change Material (PCM) at low Melting Temperature to reduce thermal stress on Workers in Hot Environment. (Physiology, Modeling and Experimentation on Manikin and Human Subjects
• Optimize performance by minimizing the weight andimproving comfort either by: PCM placement (Back, Upper Front, Lower Front) Using two melting temperatures in one vest, or Applying two‐bout strategy
• Combine PCM with Desiccant to extend use of PCM in humid conditions to ensure dry microclimate
Ambient Conditions Experiment Duration (min)40 ºC & 40 % RH Two-bout strategy 50
35 ºC & 50 % RHDifferent PCM placements on torso
45PCMs of two melting temperatures in one vest
The optimal cases at the 40 °C and 45 °C environments were V21 → V21and V18 → V10, respectively, and showed significant reductions in PCM weight from the reference single-bout cases by a minimum of 47%.
Impact of Integrating Solid Desiccant Dehumidification Processes to Conventional AC System on Urban Microclimate and Energy Use in Beirut City
Hybrid Desiccant system with integrated heat exchanger (HE)
Conventional AC
Hybrid Desiccant system with indirect evaporative cooler (IEC)
Thank you!