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Transcript of Intercultural Communication and eTwinning
Intercultural Communication
andeTwinning
James R Chamberlain MAHochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
Icebreaker ndash Draw a House
Sharing a single pen or pencil and with both persons holding the pen at the same time draw a house on a blank sheet of paper
Turn the paper over and without talking draw a house together from a uniquely different culture
Present your pictures to the others and discuss them
ldquoOur concept of cultural distance is something which we can understand on one level but may not be able to physically and emotionally deal with quite as readilyrdquo
- Theodore Gochenour
Levine amp Adelman Beyond Language Cross-Cultural Communication 1992
individual
collective
universal
Three levels of ldquoHuman Mental Programmingrdquo
Hofstede Culturersquos Consequences 1980
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Icebreaker ndash Draw a House
Sharing a single pen or pencil and with both persons holding the pen at the same time draw a house on a blank sheet of paper
Turn the paper over and without talking draw a house together from a uniquely different culture
Present your pictures to the others and discuss them
ldquoOur concept of cultural distance is something which we can understand on one level but may not be able to physically and emotionally deal with quite as readilyrdquo
- Theodore Gochenour
Levine amp Adelman Beyond Language Cross-Cultural Communication 1992
individual
collective
universal
Three levels of ldquoHuman Mental Programmingrdquo
Hofstede Culturersquos Consequences 1980
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
ldquoOur concept of cultural distance is something which we can understand on one level but may not be able to physically and emotionally deal with quite as readilyrdquo
- Theodore Gochenour
Levine amp Adelman Beyond Language Cross-Cultural Communication 1992
individual
collective
universal
Three levels of ldquoHuman Mental Programmingrdquo
Hofstede Culturersquos Consequences 1980
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Levine amp Adelman Beyond Language Cross-Cultural Communication 1992
individual
collective
universal
Three levels of ldquoHuman Mental Programmingrdquo
Hofstede Culturersquos Consequences 1980
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
individual
collective
universal
Three levels of ldquoHuman Mental Programmingrdquo
Hofstede Culturersquos Consequences 1980
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Basic
Assumptions
amp Values
Beliefs
Norms
Systems
and Institutions
and
Attitudes
Artefacts amp Products
Rituals amp Behaviour
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
The Kluckhohn Model 5 problems common to all human groups
1) What is a grouprsquos assessment of innate human nature (perception of self and others)
2) What is a grouprsquos relation to nature (world view)
3) What is the temporal focus of life (temporal orientation)
[ ie past orientation (tradition-bound) present (situational) future (goal-orientated) ]
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
5 problems common to all human groups
4) What is the grouprsquos principal mode of activity (forms of activity)
[ ie Why are we here ]
5) What is the modality of the grouprsquos relationships to others (social relations)
[ ie How do I construct my own identity ]
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
The Kluckhohn Model
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Evil Neutral Mixture of Good-and-Evil Good
man-nature Subjugation-to-
Nature
Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Lineality Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
The Kluckhohn Model
German Cultural Value Orientations
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Neutral Mixture of Good and Evil
man-nature Harmony-with-
Nature
Mastery-over-
Nature
time Past Present Future
activity Being-in-Becoming Doing
relational Collaterality Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (p 450)
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
US-American Cultural Value Orientation
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Good
mutable immutable
man-nature Mastery-over-
Nature
time Future
activity Doing
relational Individualism
Source Ortuntildeo (pp 452 ff)
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Hispanic Value Orientations
The Five Value Orientations and the Range of Variations Postulated for Each
Orientation Postulated Range of Variations
human nature Mixture of Good-and-Evil
mutable
man-nature Subjugation-to- Harmony-with-
Nature Nature
time Present
activity Being
relational Lineality Collaterality
(Authoritarian) (Group Oriented)
Source Ortuntildeo (p 454)
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
A person should always be considered
innocent until proven guilty
All natural resources were placed on this earth to be at
peoplersquos disposal
The most satisfying and
effective form of decision making
is group consensus
Live every day as if it were the only day that
counts
If people work hard and apply
themselves fully their efforts will be rewarded
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
What are these people ldquosayingrdquo
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
Cultural Note
In the US office doors are normally kept open in order to show that you are accessible to others should they need your help Nevertheless it is considered very bad-mannered if a visitor does not knock or otherwise
ask permission before entering
OH DIESES STOFF-PUumlPPCHEN SIEHT AUS WIE ICH IHR EBENBILD
GIBT MIR KRAFT
ICH AHNTE NICHT WAS
ICH IHM BEDEUTEhellip
NIE KLOPFST DU AN DU ARSCH
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
American I offer a contract
Greek These are my orders 15 days
American Take 15 Is it agreed you will do it in 15 days
American He lacks the ability to estimate time this time estimate is totally inadequate
Greek Ten days
American I press him to take responsibility for his own actions
Greek What nonsense Id better give him an answer
American You are in the best position to analyze time requirements
American He refuses to take responsibility
Greek I asked him for an order
Greek I dont know How long should ittake
American I asked him to participate
Greek His behavior makes no sense He is the boss Why doesnt he tell me
American How long will it take you to finish this report
Attribution (interpretationevaluation)Behavior (description)
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
In fact the report needed 30 days of regular work So the Greek worked day and night
but at the end of the 15th day he still needed one more days work
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
The American is surprised
Greek I cant work for such a man
The Greek hands in his resignation
American I must teach him to fulfill a contract
Greek The stupid incompetent boss Notonly did he give me wrongorders but he does not evenappreciate that I did a 30-dayjob in 16 days
American But we had agreed that it would be ready today
(Both attribute that it is not ready)Greek It will be ready tomorrow
American I am making sure he fulfills his contract
Greek He is asking for the report
American Where is my report
AttributionBehavior
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Behavior Attribution
American Who are you going to pick to lead the negotiations
American
German
German I was thinking about Dr Muumlller American
German
American Hersquos very serious isnrsquot he American
German
German Quite He thinks deeply aboutthings
American
German
American Hersquos not one to make jokes either
American
German
German So you favor him too American
German
Team Leader
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Behavior Attribution
American Who do you think shersquoll pick to chair the task force
American
German
German I think you have a good chance American
German
American Me No way She doesnrsquot think much of me
American
German
German I donrsquot agree Why do you say that
American
German
American Shersquos never said anything to me about my work
American
German
German Then why are you so worried American
German
Feedback
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Behavior Attribution
American Whatrsquos wrong with Klaus American
German
German He broke up with his girlfriend American
German
American Poor guy He looks so unhappy
American
German
German Hersquos taking it very hard American
German
American So what can we do to help American
German
German Help American
German
Love Life
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Source Hall amp HallVerborgene Signale 1983
The combination of implicit and explicit informationresults in meaningful communication
Little implicit infor-mation eg Germans
Proportion of communicated(explicit) information
1 9
Low information density
2 8
mation densitye g Americans
3 7
Middle to low infor- 4 6
5 5
Meaning
6 4
7 3(implicit) information[Context]
8 2Proportion of stored
High density information networks Much implicit informatione g Japanese
9 1
The relationship between implicit and explicit informationin information networks of varying density
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
1) do one thing at a time2) concentrate on the job3) take time commitments
seriously4) are low-context and need
information5) are committed to the job6) adhere religiously to plans7) are concerned about not
disturbing others8) show great respect for
private property9) emphasize promptness10) are accustomed to short-
term relationships
1) do many things at once2) are subject to interruptions3) consider time commitments an
ideal to be achieved if possible4) are high-context and already
have information5) are committed to people6) change plans often and easily7) are more concerned with family
and friends than with privacy8) borrow and lend things often
and easily9) base promptness on relationship10) tend to build lifetime
relationships
Monochronic Polychronic
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Direct amp Indirect1 This is like the communication between siblings
2 This is like the communication between two casual
acquaintances
3 People are reluctant to say no
4 You may have to read between the lines to
understand what someone is saying
5 Its best to tell it like it is
6 Yes means yes
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
7 Yes means I hear you
8 There is no need to read between the lines
9 Who attends your meeting is an indication of
how important you or the topic is
10Who attends your meeting is an indication of
who is available to attend
11Silence may mean disapproval or dissatisfaction
12People tell you what they think you want to hear
Direct amp Indirect
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Describe thefollowing picture
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
The DIE Model1 Description
a must be neutral and exactb needs to overcome cognitive and perceptive filters
2 Interpretationa conjecture of what the observation might meanb attribution of motive to the persons observed
3 Evaluationa an emotional or effective judgmentb what you feel about what yoursquove observed
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Now with a partner hellipdescribe interpret and evaluate
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Description Interpretation Evaluation
Note down as exactly and as neutrally as possible what you experience Anything that strikes you as different funny weird sad etc is appropriateFeelings emotions judgments should not be expressed on this side Just stick to the facts
Now try to analyze or interpret what you have observed Which basic assumptions or values are behind the behavior How does your observation help you to classify the culture in terms of value orientations
Describe your thoughts feelings etc about the event What in your cultural makeup may be affecting how you feel How is that different from whatever values or assumptions may be at work in the new culture
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
We expect others to be like us but they arenrsquot
Thus a cultural incident occurs
causing a reaction (anger fear etc)
We become awareof our reaction
and we withdraw
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
We become awareof our reaction
We reflect onits cause
and our reaction subsides
We observethe situation
which results indeveloping culturally
appropriate expectations
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Politeness
positive
bull actively involve othersbull openly show
friendliness and bull openness sharing
negative
bull do not disturb othersbull donlsquot place yourself in
the limelightbull donlsquot force your
private concerns on others
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 41
-
Intercultural E-Mail
Language
bull Whose languagebull NNS creativitybull Adaptation of the NS
to the NNSbull phatic communication
Culture
bull Formatbull Addressbull Amount of informationbull Register humor etcbull Context
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 13
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- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Emailing 1 Worksheet 1 - Reading Tasks
Dear Mr Smith I would like to introduce myself My name is Susan Saarland and I am the new South Western sales
manager for Chou Cream English Schools The previous sales manager for your area Chris Jones has been promoted to Head of Marketing and has asked me to pass his best wishes onto you
I look forward to doing business with you and hope we get the chance to meet soon Yours Susan Saarland 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Ms Saarland Thank you very much for your email of the 7th March I am looking forward to working with you in the
coming months and years and to seeing you soon Regards Graham 1048581------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dear Graham Thanks for your quick reply If it is convenient with you I will be able to meet with you very soon indeed
as I am visiting one of your colleagues on Wednesday 25th March I am planning to finish the meeting at 1230 pm and would be very glad to meet you any time after that
Best wishes Susan
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 38
- Slide 39
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- Slide 41
-
Dear Susan Thanks for making the time to meet up with me at such short notice but Irsquom afraid Irsquom attending a
conference abroad on that day Irsquom flying back on the Sunday and will be available anytime from Monday afternoon of the following week
Hope to see you soon Best regards Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Graham Sorry meeting up is turning out to be so complicated I guess we are both just so busy that
everyone wants our time Irsquom holding meetings with my new colleagues here almost every Monday and Friday for the foreseeable future but Irsquom usually free midweek Please find attached a copy of my schedule for the first two weeks of April Please pick any slot you like and Irsquoll do my very best to make it then
Thanks for your patience All the best Susan
1048581
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
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- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Re Our first meeting Hello again Susanrsquo Sorry for the delay in replying but I had to forward both our schedules to my boss to get his input
Anyway Irsquove attached a copy of your schedule with the best slots for me shaded in red Any of these is fine but Irsquod like to meet as soon as possible
Cheers Graham
1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Graham Great Will see you at 10 am on the 2nd Cheers Susan 1048581-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Susan OK Great See you then G PS I know a great place for lunch if you have time after the meeting
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
A Very Short BibliographyActon William R and Walker de Felix Judith ldquoAcculturation and mindrdquo In Valdez Joyce Merrill (ed)
Culture Bound Bridging the cultural gap in language teaching New York Cambridge University Press 1986 Pp 20 - 32
Axtell R E Gestures Dos and Taboos of Body Language Around the World New York John Wiley and Sons 1991
Bennett Janet M ldquoModes of cross-cultural training Conceptualizing cross-cultural training as educationrdquo International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 10 1986 Pp 117 ndash 134Brislin R W Understanding Culturersquos Influence on Behavior Thomson Learning 1999
Fantini Alvino New Ways of Teaching Culture TESOL 1997
Fowler Sandra M and Monica G Mumford Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-Cultural Training Methods (2 Volumes) Intercultural Press 1995
Gochenour Theodore Beyond Experience An Experiential Approach to Cross-Cultural Education Intercultural Press 1993
Gudykunst W and Kim Y Communicating with Strangers An Approach to Intercultural
Communications McGraw Hill 2002
Hall E T and Mildred Reed Hall Verborgene Signale Uumlber den Umgang mit Amerikanern Gruumlner und Jahr 1983
Hofstede Geert Cultures and Organizations McGraw-Hill 2007 (Deutsche Ausgabe Lokales Denken globales Handeln Interkulturelle Zusammenarbeit und globales Management DTV 2006
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
A Very Short Bibliography
Kohls L Robert and John M Knight Developing Intercultural Awareness A Cross-Cultural Training Handbook Intercultural Press 1994
Markowski Richard and Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in Deutschland Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Milhouse Virginia Intercultural Communication Education and Training Goals Content and Method In International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol 29 No 1 1996 Pp 69 - 95
Muumlller Andrea und Alexander Thomas Studienhalber in den USA Heidelberg Roland Asanger Verlag 1995
Ortuntildeo Marian Mikaylo rdquoCross-Cultural Awareness in the Foreign Language Class The Kluckhohn Modelrdquo The Modern Language Journal Vol 75 No 4 Winter 1991 Pp 449 ndash 459
Storti Craig Figuring Foreigners Out A Practical Guide Intercultural Press 1998 Storti Craig The Art of Crossing Cultures Intercultural Press 2001
On-Line Resources
httpwwwdialogincom
httpwwwgeert-hofstedecom
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
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- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Contact
James Chamberlain
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg
53754 Sankt Augustin
jameschamberlainh-brsde
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-