Intelligent Tutoring on Intelligent Tutoring on Virtual Cell: Virtual Cell:

A Whole New WorldA Whole New World

Part IIPart II

Ganesh PadmanabhanGanesh Padmanabhan

OverviewOverview

Review Part IReview Part I

What is needed to choose a remediation?What is needed to choose a remediation?

Student Understanding ModelStudent Understanding Model

Mapping Learning PathsMapping Learning Paths

How can we increase student How can we increase student learning by using tutors?learning by using tutors?

Providing directions to informational resourcesProviding directions to informational resourcesRecognizing and providing feedback on what is Recognizing and providing feedback on what is obstructing the learning processobstructing the learning processEncouraging investigationEncouraging investigationEncouraging group interactionsEncouraging group interactionsProviding alternate means of approaching Providing alternate means of approaching similar concepts.similar concepts.Increasing student comfort by being a Increasing student comfort by being a companion through the investigative process.companion through the investigative process.Questioning the studentQuestioning the studentRewarding the studentRewarding the student

What are the functional What are the functional requirements of a tutor?requirements of a tutor?

A tutor must be able to:A tutor must be able to: Detect the need for remediationDetect the need for remediation Choose a remediationChoose a remediation Choose a time to remediateChoose a time to remediate RemediateRemediate

Detecting the NeedDetecting the Need

Examples:Examples: Student asks for helpStudent asks for help Student makes an incorrect assertionStudent makes an incorrect assertion Student behavior is indicative of a problem in Student behavior is indicative of a problem in

the learning processthe learning process Tutor assumes need for remediation Tutor assumes need for remediation

(quizzing, orienting, rewarding, humor etc.)(quizzing, orienting, rewarding, humor etc.)

Choosing the RemediationChoosing the Remediation

Examples:Examples: Knowledge-based approachKnowledge-based approach Case-basedCase-based Algorithm X based approachAlgorithm X based approach

Choosing the TimeChoosing the Time

Examples:Examples: Immediately following detection of needImmediately following detection of need At the end of the student’s current task/goalAt the end of the student’s current task/goal At the end of an animation/experimentAt the end of an animation/experiment Only when entering a particular area again Only when entering a particular area again

(questions, review, supplementary info etc.)(questions, review, supplementary info etc.)

RemediatingRemediating

Examples:Examples: Open a window with informationOpen a window with information Create a light-bulb VRML object to be clickedCreate a light-bulb VRML object to be clicked Show an animationShow an animation Start a dialogueStart a dialogue

Client Server InteractionClient Server Interaction

Client

MOO Tutors

MOO Tutors

Client

Tutor Events Remediation

Directives

TutorEvent

Remediator

TutorController

Tutoring SystemTutoring System

Tutor A

Tutor B Tutor CRemediation 1

Remediation 2

active

inactive

inactive

TutorEvents

RemediationDirectives

RemediationDirectives

Tutor Events

What is missing?What is missing?

Detect the need for Detect the need for remediationremediation

Model of Student Behavior Model of Student Behavior (Eventing System)(Eventing System)

Choose a remediationChoose a remediation ????

Choose a time to remediateChoose a time to remediate Eventing SystemEventing System

RemediateRemediate Remediation abstraction and Remediation abstraction and mechanismmechanism

Functional Requirement

SupportingStructure

What is missing?What is missing?

Detect the need for Detect the need for remediationremediation

Model of Student Behavior Model of Student Behavior (Eventing System)(Eventing System)

Choose a remediationChoose a remediation Model of Student Model of Student UnderstandingUnderstanding

Choose a time to remediateChoose a time to remediate Eventing SystemEventing System

RemediateRemediate Remediation MechanismRemediation Mechanism

Functional Requirement

SupportingStructure

Model of Student UnderstandingModel of Student Understanding

Basic assumptions about how a student’s Basic assumptions about how a student’s interaction with the system results in interaction with the system results in learning.learning.

Student ActionStudent Action is linked to is linked to ResponseResponse from client is linked to from client is linked to KnowledgeKnowledge assimilated by student assimilated by student

Student ActionStudent Action

A A Tutor Event Tutor Event signifying that a student signifying that a student has performed a particular user-defined has performed a particular user-defined task.task.

Open Menu A, Run experiment A, Starts Open Menu A, Run experiment A, Starts animation, etc.animation, etc.

ResultResult

An abstraction representing the user-An abstraction representing the user-defined response to be linked to some defined response to be linked to some user action.user action.

Menu A presented, Experiment X started, Menu A presented, Experiment X started, Organelle flexes muscles ;-)Organelle flexes muscles ;-)

CognitCognit

An abstraction representing the unit of An abstraction representing the unit of knowledge potentially obtained when a knowledge potentially obtained when a student is exposed to a student is exposed to a ResultResult..

Mitochondria is the place where cellular Mitochondria is the place where cellular respiration takes place, Centriole plays an respiration takes place, Centriole plays an important role in coordinating mitosis, etc.important role in coordinating mitosis, etc.

Concise logical units of knowledgeConcise logical units of knowledge

Supporting AbstractionsSupporting Abstractions

Action GroupsAction Groups

Result GroupsResult Groups

Cognit GroupsCognit Groups

MappingsMappings

A1 {R1, R2, R3, . . .}

R1 {K1, K2, K3, . . .}

{K1 + K2 + K3 + . . .} {K4, K5, K6, ….}

Why go through the trouble?Why go through the trouble?

Gauge student learning by linking to student Gauge student learning by linking to student actionsactions

Clarity in seeing “exactly” what paths a student Clarity in seeing “exactly” what paths a student may take in assimilating knowledgemay take in assimilating knowledge

Mechanism to allow tutoring system to act Mechanism to allow tutoring system to act “intelligently” when selecting a remediation.“intelligently” when selecting a remediation.

Standardizes the “currency” with which these Standardizes the “currency” with which these tutors work.tutors work.

More…More…

Part IIIPart III

Application of the ActionApplication of the ActionResultResultCognit Cognit scheme to an assertion tutor.scheme to an assertion tutor.

A look at the development process from A look at the development process from finished module to finished tutors.finished module to finished tutors.