Intelligent Tutoring on Intelligent Tutoring on Virtual Cell: Virtual Cell:

A Whole New WorldA Whole New World

Part IPart I

Ganesh PadmanabhanGanesh Padmanabhan

OverviewOverview

Tutor functional requirements.Tutor functional requirements.

Underlying Structure Needed for Underlying Structure Needed for ImplementationImplementation

Client and Server interactionsClient and Server interactions

Tutoring SystemTutoring System

Types of TutorsTypes of Tutors

How can we increase student How can we increase student learning by using tutors?learning by using tutors?

Providing directions to informational resourcesProviding directions to informational resourcesRecognizing and providing feedback on what is Recognizing and providing feedback on what is obstructing the learning processobstructing the learning processEncouraging investigationEncouraging investigationEncouraging group interactionsEncouraging group interactionsProviding alternate means of approaching Providing alternate means of approaching similar concepts.similar concepts.Increasing student comfort by being a Increasing student comfort by being a companion through the investigative process.companion through the investigative process.Questioning the studentQuestioning the studentRewarding the studentRewarding the student

What are the functional What are the functional requirements of a tutor?requirements of a tutor?

A tutor must be able to:A tutor must be able to: Detect the need for remediationDetect the need for remediation Choose a remediationChoose a remediation Choose a time to remediateChoose a time to remediate RemediateRemediate

Detecting the NeedDetecting the Need

Examples:Examples: Student asks for helpStudent asks for help Student makes an incorrect assertionStudent makes an incorrect assertion Student behavior is indicative of a problem in Student behavior is indicative of a problem in

the learning processthe learning process Tutor assumes need for remediation Tutor assumes need for remediation

(quizzing, orienting, rewarding, humor etc.)(quizzing, orienting, rewarding, humor etc.)

Choosing the RemediationChoosing the Remediation

Examples:Examples: Knowledge-based approachKnowledge-based approach Case-basedCase-based Algorithm X based approachAlgorithm X based approach

Choosing the TimeChoosing the Time

Examples:Examples: Immediately following detection of needImmediately following detection of need At the end of the student’s current task/goalAt the end of the student’s current task/goal At the end of an animation/experimentAt the end of an animation/experiment Only when entering a particular area again Only when entering a particular area again

(questions, review, supplementary info etc.)(questions, review, supplementary info etc.)

RemediatingRemediating

Examples:Examples: Open a window with informationOpen a window with information Create a light-bulb VRML object to be clickedCreate a light-bulb VRML object to be clicked Show an animationShow an animation Start a dialogueStart a dialogue

Proposed Underlying StructureProposed Underlying Structure

Detecting need, choosing remediation, and Detecting need, choosing remediation, and choosing time call for:choosing time call for:

• Eventing Mechanism spanning client and serverEventing Mechanism spanning client and server• Event abstractionEvent abstraction• Event Sequence abstractionEvent Sequence abstraction• Event Grouping abstractionEvent Grouping abstraction

Remediating calls for:Remediating calls for:a)a) Remediation abstractionRemediation abstractionb)b) Remediating Mechanism spanning client and serverRemediating Mechanism spanning client and server

Client Server InteractionClient Server Interaction

Client ITS

MOO Tutors

MOO Tutors

Client ITS

Tutor Events Remediation

Directives

Eventing MechanismEventing Mechanism

Client-SideClient-Side Tutor Event Tutor Event NameSpacesNameSpaces

MOO-SideMOO-Side EventEvent Event SequenceEvent Sequence Event GroupEvent Group

Remediating MechanismRemediating Mechanism

Client-SideClient-Side Remediator objectRemediator object

MOO-SideMOO-Side Tutoring SystemTutoring System Remediation objectRemediation object

TutorEvent

Remediator

TutorController

Tutoring SystemTutoring System

Tutor A

Tutor B Tutor CRemediation 1

Remediation 2

active

inactive

inactive

TutorEvents

RemediationDirectives

RemediationDirectives

Tutor Events

Tutor ControllerTutor Controller

Manages activation and deactivation of Manages activation and deactivation of tutorstutors

Handles incoming tutor event notifications Handles incoming tutor event notifications from clientfrom client

Handles and regulates outgoing tutor Handles and regulates outgoing tutor remediation directives to clientremediation directives to client

TutorTutor

When activated, listens to tutor events, When activated, listens to tutor events, and takes remedial action.and takes remedial action.

Tutor AttributesTutor Attributes Activation Trigger SequenceActivation Trigger Sequence Activation Trigger ConditionalActivation Trigger Conditional Log of pertinent informationLog of pertinent information Cycling PatternCycling Pattern Remediation LogicRemediation Logic

Tutor TypesTutor Types

Orientation TutorOrientation Tutor

Reward TutorReward Tutor

Questioning TutorQuestioning Tutor

Assertion TutorAssertion Tutor

Student Profiling TutorStudent Profiling Tutor

Collaboration TutorCollaboration Tutor

What a strange trip its been!What a strange trip its been!

Part II Part II Expand upon choosing a remediationExpand upon choosing a remediation What constitutes an effective remediation?What constitutes an effective remediation? What information does a tutor need to select What information does a tutor need to select

appropriate remediations?appropriate remediations? Underlying Structure Proposed for satisfying Underlying Structure Proposed for satisfying

in part the informational requirements of the in part the informational requirements of the tutoring system.tutoring system.

Deductive Problem DiagnoserDeductive Problem Diagnoser